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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations IRRIGATED WHEAT Managing your crop |
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome, 2000
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The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. |
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All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to the Chief, Publishing and Multimedia Service, Information Division, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to [email protected] ISBN 92-5-104488-0 |
Five tenets for managers - the sections of the book
Steps you can take to identify and solve crop problems
Section 1: Reflecting on your farming system
What is your target yield?
Characteristics of a 5t/ha crop as it grows
Section 2: Describing the growth of your crop as stages. During which stages is yield determined?
The Zadoks decimal growth stages
The internal stages that drive development
External & internal stages and when yield is formed
Pictures to help identify all the Zadoks (Z) growth stages
Section 3: Assessing and measuring your crop
Why bother with measurement?
Using your senses to assess problems in your crop
First level of assessment: your eyeball check list
Where, how and what to sample in the field? A numerical assessment
Field sheets. A guide to recording your observations
Section 4: Check lists for problem identification
Check list for planting to the two-leaf stage (Z0.0 to Z1.2)
Check list for three-leaf stage to spike emergence (Z1.3 to Z5.0)
Check list for to early kernel growth (Z5.0 to Z7.02)
Check list for to harvest ripeness (Z6.8 to Z9.2)
Section 5: Problem description and solutions
Temperature effects
Low temperature
Sunlight effects
Acid or alkaline soils
Saline soilsPoor crop stands. Why?
Land preparation
Seed viability
Planting depth and method
Optimum sowing time
Optimum seed rate
The crop canopy: control of tillers and spikes
The crop canopy: green leaves after heading
Lodging
Mineral nutrition
Weeds
Crop Residues
Irrigation timing and moisture stress
Waterlogging
Section 6: Explanations of plant development
What advances wheat through its developmental stages?
Thermal time and heat sums
Base and optimum temperature
Photoperiod & vernalization also change rate of development
Section 7: Notes on two tillage systems
Section 8: Terms used in the booklet