Annexes

Annex 1. Definitions and conversion factors

Definitions of main terms:

Wood energy systems = all the (steps and /or ) unit processes and operations involved for the production, preparation, transportation, marketing, trade and conversion of woodfuels into energy.

Woodfuels = all types of biofuels originating directly or indirectly from woody biomass.

This category includes fuelwood, charcoal and black liquor (the latter being not significant in the context of this study)

Fuelwood = woodfuel where the original composition of the wood is preserved

This category includes wood in the raw and also residues from wood processing industries (the latter being not significant in the context of this study)

Charcoal = solid residue derived from carbonization, distillation, pyrolysis and torrefaction of fuelwood.

[Unified Bioenergy Terminology, UBET, FAO 2004]

Basic parameters and conversion factors:
Wood – Net Calorific Value (30% mc, dry basis)	13.8	MJ/ kg
Charcoal - Net Calorific Value (5% mc, dry basis)	30.8	MJ/ kg
Charcoal/fuelwood	165	Kg charcoal/ CUM
Wood density	725	Kg/ CUM

Annex 2. Demand module. References on woodfuel consumption

Estimates of national consumption of fuelwood and charcoal according to various sources.

The highlighted values were selected as current best reference and used for the calculation of per capita consumption in the Demand Module.

Data extracted from the interactive Wood Energy Statistics (i-WESTAT FAO 2004).

Primary sources:

ESMAP Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme (joint World Bank-UNDP Programme)

FAOSTAT (2003) Consumption estimates based on 2003 edition of FAOSTAT data.

GFPOS Global Forest Products Outlook Study carried out by the Forestry Policy and Planning Division of FAO Forestry Department.

IEA International Energy Agency

IEPE Institut d’Economie et de Politique de l’Energie (Grenoble, France)

WETT99 Best estimates Wood Energy Today for Tomorrow, 1999. Activity of the FAO Wood Energy Programme that analyzed wood energy information world-wide. Indicates values defined in that study as “best estimates”

			Values in ‘000 m3 of fuelwood and wood for charcoal production
		Years	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
Burundi
	"Best" current reference
Fw	The TCDC Country report, which was based on field surveys, appears as more reliable. The Faostat estimates, based on GFPOS regional model, estimates a lower consumption. The 2000 estimate was extrapolated from the 1998 TCDC report's estimate.
Ch	Country report, which was based on field surveys and appears supported by all national sources (including official Faostat correspondents). The global GFPOS model, which is used as Faostat reference for FAO estimates gives far higher estimates. TCDC report estimates are also in line with Rwanda per capita estimates (including Faostat's) while GFPOS global model appears to overestimate charcoal consumption. The 2000 estimate was extrapolated from the 1998 TCDC report's estimate.
Fw	Secondary source	Primary source
	Two ref: Est. 90-93: Dir gén Energie, Min Energie Mines(MEM), Bilans énergétiques pour 1990,91 et 92. Est. 94-98: Dir Gén Eau et Forets	Country Report	7526	7758	7991	8231		8437
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	5418	5670	5813	5955
	Official figure	FAOSTAT (2003)					4907	5056
	Household Fuelwood model: Regional; non-hh Fw model: Continental	GFPOS 1970-2030	5418	5670	5813	5955	6114	6277
	ENDA/IEPE year 1988	WETT99 Best estimate	4951	5403
Ch	Two ref: Est. 90-93: Dir gén Energie, Min Energie Mines(MEM), Bilans énergétiques pour 1990,91 et 92. Est. 94-98: Dir Gén Eau et Forets	Country Report	294	304	314	325		333
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	1266	1353	1392	1435
	Official figure	FAOSTAT (2003)					345	364
	Charcoal model: Global	GFPOS 1970-2030	1266	1353	1392	1435	1483	1533
	ENDA/IEPE year 1988	WETT99 Best estimate	337	349
Congo, Democratic Republic
	"Best" current reference
Fw	Extend WETT 99 using IEA estimates. However, Faostat 2003 could also be used as main reference because there seems to be a general convergence of estimates from IEA, WETT99 and the new Faostat (based on GFPOS regional model).
Ch	Probably 25 Faostat 2003. There is a great difference between IEA data (reference of WETT 99 for 95, 96) and Faostat, based on GFPOS global model. This sets a far higher consumption than IEA after 1990 which may be justified in view of the 1990 ENDA/IEPE estimation.
Fw	Secondary source		1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	51488	52588	53485	54324	55267	56228
	Household Fuelwood model: Regional; non-hh Fw model: Continental	GFPOS 1970-2030	51488	52588	53486	54324	55267	56228
	Reference not available	WETT99 Best estimate	40614	46055	0	0	0	0
Ch	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	7271	7555	7814	8081	8373	8674
	Charcoal model: Global	GFPOS 1970-2030	7271	7555	7814	8081	8373	8674
	Secretariat estimates based on 1991 data from African Energy Programme of the African Development Bank	IEA (2002)	1479	1521	1570	1624	1667	1715
	Reference not available	IEA nonOECD_99	1479	1521	1570	1624	1667
	Reference not available	WETT99 Best estimate	1383	1555
Egypt
	"Best" current reference
Fw	Faostat estimates, based on the regional GFPOS model appear more reliable than WETT 99's.
Ch	Faostat estimates, based on the global GFPOS model appear more reliable than WETT 99's.
Fw	Secondary source	Primary source	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	8592	8534	8607	8715	8752	8906
	Household Fuelwood model: Regional; non-hh Fw model: Continental	GFPOS 1970-2030	8539	8616	8687	8757	8831	8906
	Reference not available	WETT99 Best estimate	2157	2451
Ch	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	6879	6960	7035	7112	7193	7249
	Charcoal model: Global	GFPOS 1970-2030	6879	6960	7035	7112	7193	7276
	Reference not available	WETT99 Best estimate	55
Eritrea
	"Best" current reference
Fw	The TCDC country report provides documented estimates which are higher than GFPOS model estimates. 2000 estimates was extrapolated using 1996 TCDC report's per capita consumption value.
Ch	The Faostat estimates, based on the global GFPOS model fit well with the TCDC report's estimates of 1996. Faostat 2000 estimate is used as reference
Fw	Secondary source	Primary source	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
	Interim Report, 1996: Strengthening The Department Of Energy, Comprehensive Energy Sector Studies, Eritrea (UNOPS Project ERI94)	Country Report		1840				2088
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	1142	1180	1227	1273	1320	1362
	Household Fuelwood model: National; non-hh Fw model: Continental	GFPOS 1970-2030	1142	1180	1222	1267	1314	1362
	Reference not available	WETT99 Best estimate	3249	3446
Ch	Interim Report, 1996: Strengthening The Department Of Energy, Comprehensive Energy Sector Studies, Eritrea (UNOPS Project ERI94)	Country Report		712
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	708	738	771	807	844	889
	Charcoal model: Global	GFPOS 1970-2030	708	738	771	807	844	882
	Direct Communication to the Secretariat from the Ministry of Energy and Mines, Eritrea.	IEA (2002)	691	733	758	448	461	473
	Reference not available	IEA nonOECD_99	691	733	758	448	461
	Reference not available	WETT99 Best estimate	86	89
Kenya
	"Best" current reference
Fw	It is difficult to judge the reliability of the two main sources: WETT99, based on (pre-1995) IEA data and Faostat based on the national GFPOS model. The IEA series (used by WETT99 as main reference) appears slightly higher and FAOSTAT (2002) slightly lower, based on GFPOS National model. Faostat was used as main reference, although its estimate may be lower than real.
Ch	Two main alternatives: the higher estimates of IEA (2002), selected by WETT99, and FAOSTAT (2002) much lower, based on GFPOS National model. It is difficult to judge which reference is more realistic. Given the convergence of national sources, the IEA 2000 estimate was used as main reference, although it may be higher than real.
Fw	Secondary source	Primary source	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	15563	15668	15837	15727	15752	15776
	Household Fuelwood model: National; non-hh Fw model: Continental	GFPOS 1970-2030	15563	15668	15834	15727	15752	15776
	Other National years 1980-1989	WETT99 Best estimate	18146	19382
Ch	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	3303	3452	3565	3660	3769	3882
	Charcoal model: National	GFPOS 1970-2030	3303	3452	3565	3660	3769	3882
	Secretariat estimates based on 1991 data from African Energy Programme of the African Development Bank	IEA (2002)	8267	8406	8564	8770	8952	9158
	Other National years 1980-1989	WETT99 Best estimate	7806	8297
Rwanda
	"Best" current reference
Fw	The official FAOSTAT figures appear extremely variable and inconsistent but the last track series of the GFPOS model seems to converge (with a possible overestimation) with the WETT 99 estimates. For this reason the GFPOS estimate for year 2000 was selected as reference.
Ch	The official FAOSTAT figures appear more realistic than GFPOS model results. They are in line with other historical national references. The Faostat estimation for year 2000, based on official figures was selected as reference.
Fw	Secondary source	Primary source	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
	Official figure	FAOSTAT (2003)	5148	5550	7100	6921	7209	4709
	Fuelwood model: FAOSTAT 3	GFPOS 1970-2030	5582	5569	6010	6474	7000	7569
	ENDA/IEPE 1988; Other National, 1991	WETT99 Best estimate	4566	5056
Ch	Official figure	FAOSTAT (2003)				279	291
	Repetition of last official figure	FAOSTAT (2003)						291
	Charcoal model: Global	GFPOS 1970-2030	988	1005	1091	1180	1281	1390
	ENDA/IEPE year 1988; Other National year 1991	WETT99 Best estimate	194	203
	Somalia
	"Best" current reference
Fw	The regional GFPOS model (Faostat reference) appears to overestimate fw consumption. Other references of late '80 indicate lower consumption rates. WETT99 was extrapolated to year 2000 using stable per capita rates and population statistics.
Ch	The Faostat estimates (based on regional GFPOS model) appear higher than all other references nation-level estimates. Other references of late '80 indicate lower consumption rates. WETT99 was extrapolated to year 2000 using stable per capita rates and population statistics.
Fw	Secondary source	Primary source	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	4447	4606	4799	4941	5109	5282
	Household Fuelwood model: Regional; non-hh Fw model: Continental	GFPOS 1970-2030	4447	4606	4799	4941	5109	5282
	Reference not available	WETT99 Best estimate	3568	3617	3706	3819	3947	4083
Ch	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	3092	3253	3445	3593	3765	3742
	Charcoal model: Global	GFPOS 1970-2030	3092	3253	3445	3593	3765	3946
	ESMAP year 1984	WETT99 Best estimate	913	975	1019	1071	1129	1192
	Sudan
	"Best" current reference
Fw	The 2004 Report of the Ministry of Energy appeared most reliable and up-to date.
Ch	The 2004 Report of the Ministry of Energy appeared most reliable and up-to date.
Fw	Secondary source	Primary source	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
	Forest products consumption survey (1994) carried out by FNC with support FA/Netherlands Project Forestry Development in Sudan.	Country Report	9008	9159	9482	9729
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	12343	12300	12199	12188	12181	12175
	Household Fuelwood model: National; non-hh Fw model: Continental	GFPOS 1970-2030	12343	12300	12199	12188	12181	12175
	Reference not available	WETT99 Best estimate	7537	8036
	Primary: Ministry of energy Report							20808
Ch	Forest products consumption survey (1994) carried out by FNC with support FA/Netherlands Project Forestry Development in Sudan.	Country Report	7666	7795	8070	8280
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	3921	4023	4106	4234	4368	4503
	Charcoal model: Global	GFPOS 1970-2030	3921	4023	4106	4234	4368	4505
	Secretariat estimates based on 1990 data from Bhagavan, M.R., Editor, Energy Utilities and Institutions in Africa, AFREPREN,	IEA (2002)	14267	17442	17982	18533	13782	14618
	Reference not available	IEA nonOECD_99	14267	17442	17982	18545	18958
	Reference not available	WETT99 Best estimate	13424	14315
	Primary: Ministry of energy Report							13477
	Tanzania
	"Best" current reference
Fw	GFPOS estimates are far lower than WETT 99 and any other national reference. The 2000 consumption was estimated according to the trend indicated by all other sources (linear equation).
Ch	Doubts between IEA (lower) and Faostat (higher). Faostat, based on national GFPOS model, was finally selected because its values fit better with per capita consumption database.
Fw	Secondary source	Primary source	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	14342	14294	14204	14012	13868	13728
	Household Fuelwood model: National; non-hh Fw model: Continental	GFPOS 1970-2030	14342	14294	14204	14012	13868	13728
	Other National year 1981	WETT99 Best estimate	39339	43629
	estimated on linear trendline from non-FAO values from 1980 to 1996	Other National			38823	39161	39499	39837
Ch	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	6093	6298	6494	6666	6860	7059
	Charcoal model: National	GFPOS 1970-2030	6093	6298	6494	6666	6860	7059
	National energy statistics until 2000	IEA (2002)	3103	3158	3218	3909	4739	5758
	Reference not available	IEA nonOECD_99	2855	2903	2958	3036	3109
	Other National year 1990	WETT99 Best estimate	2494	3088
	Uganda
	"Best" current reference
Fw	Uganda energy balance 2000
Ch	Uganda energy balance 2000
Fw	Secondary source	Primary source	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	28286	28639	28969	29214	29488	29767
	Household Fuelwood model: Regional; non-hh Fw model: Continental	GFPOS 1970-2030	28286	28639	28969	29214	29488	29767
	IEA19-IEA/AFREPREN Questionnaire Of Biomass Energy Statistics; 1997	Other National			23724
	ESMAP 1980; Other National, 1997	WETT99 Best estimate	25179	24352	23724
	http://www.energyandminerals.go.ug/NRG-Bal00.html	Uganda energy bal.2000						21785
Ch	FAO estimate	FAOSTAT (2003)	3896	3984	4076	4154	4238	4324
	Charcoal model: Global	GFPOS 1970-2030	3896	3984	4076	4154	4238	4324
	IEA19-IEA/AFREPREN Questionnaire Of Biomass Energy Statistics; 1997	Other National			2424
	Reference not available	Other National
	ESMAP year 1980; Other National years 1994, 97	WETT99 Best estimate	2605	2846	2424
	http://www.energyandminerals.go.ug/NRG-Bal00.html	Uganda energy bal.2000						2685

Household fraction of total fuelwood and charcoal consumption

	Household fraction of total consumption
	Fuelwood	Charcoal	Source
Kenya	0.85	0.94	Average of i-WESTAT sources
Eritrea	0.95	0.97	Average of i-WESTAT sources
Tanzania, United Rep.	0.84	0.98	Average of i-WESTAT sources
Sudan	0.71	0.89	Sudan Min. Energy /FNC 1999-2000.
Egypt	1.00	1.00	IEA et al for fuelwood. Guessed for charcoal
Uganda	0.78	1.00	Uganda Min. Energy. Energy balance 2000
Rwanda	0.86	0.98	Average of i-WESTAT sources
Burundi	0.99	0.97	Average of i-WESTAT sources
Somalia	0.99	0.92	Average of i-WESTAT sources
Congo, Dem. Rep.	0.80	1.00	Average of i-WESTAT sources

Distribution of non-household consumption

	Urban areas	Rural settlements	Rural sparse	Rural (general)
Congo D.R., Somalia, Sudan	0.5			0.5
Burundi, Egypt, Eritrea, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda	0.5	0.3	0.2

Summary table of total and per capita fuelwood and charcoal consumption and of map-adjusted values.

		Per capita woodfuel consumption								Total HH consumption		Total NON-hh consumption		Best 2000 estimate of total national consumption
		(m³ of fuelwood and wood for charcoal)								( '000 m³ of fuelwood and wood for charcoal)
		rural general		urban		rural sparse		rural settlement
		fw rur	ch rur	fw urb	ch urb	fw rur-sparse	ch rur-sparse	fw rur-settlem	ch rur-settlem	fw	ch	fw	ch	Fw	Ch
Egypt	Based on UN pop stat. For 2000	0.167	0.088	0.08	0.134			0.12	0.111	8,906	7,276			8,906	7,276
	adjusted on map pop values	0.174	0.092	0.082	0.133	0.330	0.023	0.128	0.113
	non_hh consumption
	Tot per capita consumption	0.174	0.092	0.082	0.133	0.330	0.023	0.128	0.113
Eritrea	Based on UN pop stat. For 2000	0.618	0.214	0.181	0.310			0.40	0.262	1,990	861	97.89	27.98	2,088	889
	adjusted on map pop values	0.630	0.218	0.183	0.312	0.678	0.208	0.406	0.265
	non_hh consumption			0.0709	0.0203	0.0080	0.0023	0.0562	0.0161
	Tot per capita consumption	0.630	0.218	0.254	0.333	0.686	0.210	0.463	0.281
Kenya	Based on UN pop stat. For 2000	0.602	0.118	0.150	0.572			0.38	0.345	13,438	8,583	2,338	575	15,776	9,158
	adjusted on map pop values	0.621	0.122	0.146	0.554	0.664	0.084	0.384	0.338
	non_hh consumption			0.103	0.025	0.029	0.007	0.246	0.060
	Tot per capita consumption	0.621	0.122	0.249	0.579	0.693	0.091	0.629	0.398
Uganda	Based on UN pop stat. For 2000	0.782	0.015	0.293	0.842			0.54	0.429	16,992	2,685	4792.6		21,785	2,685
	adjusted on map pop values	0.803	0.015	0.251	0.722	0.853		0.527	0.369
	non_hh consumption			0.727		0.056		0.461
	Tot per capita consumption	0.803	0.015	0.978	0.722	0.909		0.988	0.369
Burundi	Based on UN pop stat. For 2000	1.462	0.009	0.008	0.483			0.74	0.246	8,346	323	91.10	9.83	8,437	333
	adjusted on map pop values	1.432	0.009	0.010	0.582	1.497		0.721	0.295
	non_hh consumption			0.098	0.011	0.003	0.000	0.055	0.006
	Tot per capita consumption	1.432	0.009	0.108	0.592	1.501		0.776	0.301
Rwanda	Based on UN pop stat. For 2000	0.574	0.004	0.215	0.244			0.39	0.124	4,059	285	649.77	5.79	4,709	291
	adjusted on map pop values	0.528	0.004	0.519	0.589	0.529		0.523	0.296
	non_hh consumption			0.746	0.007	0.021	0.000	0.176	0.002
	Tot per capita consumption	0.528	0.004	1.264	0.595	0.550		0.699	0.298
		Per capita woodfuel consumption								Total HH consumption		Total NON-hh consumption		Best 2000 estimate of total national consumption
		(m³ of fuelwood and wood for charcoal)								( '000 m³ of fuelwood and wood for charcoal)
		rural		urban
		fw rur	ch rur	fw urb	ch urb					fw	ch	fw	ch	Fw	Ch
Sudan	Based on UN pop stat. For 2000	0.579	0.322	0.285	0.488					14,871	12,002	5936.8	1474.8	20,808	13,477
	adjusted on map pop values	0.584	0.324	0.281	0.482
	non_hh consumption	0.149	0.037	0.258	0.064
	Tot per capita consumption	0.733	0.361	0.540	0.546
Somalia	Based on UN pop stat. For 2000	0.694	0.004	0.007	0.369					4,058	1,093	24.91	98.54	4,083	1,192
	adjusted on map pop values	0.650	0.003	0.009	0.494
	non_hh consumption	0.002	0.008	0.006	0.023
	Tot per capita consumption	0.652	0.011	0.015	0.517
Tanzania	Based on UN pop stat. For 2000	1.274	0.046	0.315	0.518					33,594	6,905	6243	153.69	39,837	7,059
	adjusted on map pop values	1.164	0.042	0.496	0.815
	non_hh consumption	0.121	0.003	0.438	0.011
	Tot per capita consumption	1.285	0.045	0.933	0.826
Congo, Dem. Republic	Based on UN pop stat. For 2000	1.034	0.006	0.685	0.576					45,094	8,668	11,134	6.84	56,228	8,674
	adjusted on map values	1.001	0.006	0.821	0.691
	non_hh consumption	0.159	0.000	0.454	0.000
	Tot per capita consumption	1.161	0.006	1.275	0.691

Annex 3. Supply module. References on woody biomass stocking

Summary table of minimum, medium and maximum woody biomass values by life form, crown cover and ecological zone.

a) Natural formations

	Crown cover		Total closed	closed	closed to open	closed to very open	open	gen. open	very open	sparse	Sparse to very sparse	Very sparse
	Codes		cc	c	co	cvo	o	og	vo	s	svs	vs
	LCCS thresholds		1	>65 %	100 - 40%	100 - 15%	40 - 65%	15 -65%	15 -40%	15 - 4%	15 - 1%	4 - 1%
		midpnt	1	0.825	0.7	0.575	0.525	0.4	0.275	0.095	0.08	0.025
			Woody biomass (t / ha)
Mountain System
Tree		Min	159	131	111	91	84	64	44	15	13	4
	t	Mean	199	164	139	114	104	79	55	19	16	5
		Max	223	184	156	128	117	89	61	21	18	6
Woody		Min
Note 1	w	Mean	74	61	52	43	39	30	20	7	6	2
		Max
Shrub		Min	17	14	12	10	9	7	5	2	1	0
	s	Mean	30	25	21	17	16	12	8	3	2	1
		Max	43	35	30	24	22	17	12	4	3	1
Rain forest
Tree		Min	240	198	168	138	126	96	66	23	19	6
	t	Mean	376	310	263	216	197	150	103	36	30	9
		Max	485	400	339	279	255	194	133	46	39	12
Woody		Min	55	45	39	32	29	22	15	5	4	1
	w	Mean	141	116	98	81	74	56	39	13	11	4
		Max	191	157	133	110	100	76	52	18	15	5
Shrub		Min
Note 2	s	Mean	56	46	39	32	30	23	15	5	5	1
		Max
Tropical moist deciduous forest
Tree		Min	88	72	61	50	46	35	24	8	7	2
	t	Mean	137	113	96	79	72	55	38	13	11	3
		Max	152	126	107	88	80	61	42	14	12	4
Woody		Min
Note 3	w	Mean	36	30	25	21	19	14	10	3	3	1
		Max
Shrub		Min	17	14	12	10	9	7	5	2	1	0
Note 4	s	Mean	24	20	17	14	13	10	7	2	2	1
		Max	43	35	30	24	22	17	12	4	3	1
Tropical dry forest
Tree		Min	63	52	44	36	33	25	17	6	5	2
Note 5	t	Mean	106	88	74	61	56	43	29	10	9	3
		Max	161	133	113	93	85	64	44	15	13	4
Woody		Min	13	11	9	8	7	5	4	1	1	0
	w	Mean	27	22	19	16	14	11	7	3	2	1
		Max	32	26	22	18	17	13	9	3	3	1
Shrub		Min	15	12	10	8	8	6	4	1	1	0
	s	Mean	18	15	13	10	10	7	5	2	1	0
		Max	22	18	15	13	11	9	6	2	2	1
Tropical shrub land
Tree		Min	63	52	44	36	33	25	17	6	5	2
	t	Mean	106	88	74	61	56	43	29	10	9	3
		Max	161	133	113	93	85	64	44	15	13	4
Woody		Min
	w	Mean	23	19	16	13	12	9	6	2	2	1
		Max	34	28	24	19	18	13	9	3	3	1
Shrub		Min	5	4	3	3	2	2	1	0	0	0
	s	Mean	8	7	6	5	4	3	2	1	1	0
		Max	24	20	17	14	12	9	7	2	2	1
Mangroves	m		150	124	105	86	79	60	41	14	12	4

b) Artificial formations

Land cover class	Code	Eco-zone	Woody biomass t / ha
Plantations rain fed	p	Mountain	99
	p	Rainforest	188
	p	Moist	68
	p	Dry	53
	p	Shrub land	53
Plantations irrigated	pir		188
Plantations - oil palm	oil		50
Orchards - Irrigated	orir		150
Orchards - Irrigated - papaya	pap		50
Orchards - Rain fed	orrain	Mountain	40
		Rainforest	75
		Moist	27
		Dry	21
		Shrub land	21
Cultivated shrub	cush		40
Cultivated shrub - tea	tea		40
Cultivated shrub - coffee	coffee		40
Cultivated shrub - pineapple	pinap		0
Cultivated shrub - banana	ban		0
Cultivated shrub - grape	grap		20
Cultivated herbaceous	cuh		0
Cultivated herbaceous - Maize	maize		0
Cultivated aquatic herbaceous - Rice	rice		0
Urban vegetated areas	urva	Mountain	40
		Rainforest	75
		Moist	27
		Dry	21
		Shrub land	21
No vegetation	nv		0

Notes	1	Missing specific references, deducted from woody in rainforest adjusted on mountain tree biomass
	2	Missing specific references, deducted from shrub in mountain adjusted on rainforest tree biomass
	3	Missing specific references, deducted from woody in tropical dry adjusted on shrub in moist deciduous
	4	Missing specific references, taken the average of mountain and dry areas
	5	Missing specific references, based on shrub land values.

Main references:

Mountain		% canopy	T/ha	Reference
Tree	Min	0.825	131	Kenya's Indigenous Forests. Status, Conservation and Management. IUCN Forest Conservation Programme. Peter Wass Editor
	Mean	0.825	164	Kenya's Indigenous Forests. Status, Conservation and Management. IUCN Forest Conservation Programme. Peter Wass Editor
	Max	0.825	184	Kenya's Indigenous Forests. Status, Conservation and Management. IUCN Forest Conservation Programme. Peter Wass Editor
Woody	Min
	Mean			No specific reference available. Values deducted from woody in rainforest adjusted on mountain tree biomass
	Max
Shrub	Min	0.575	10	FAO, Forest Resource Assessment 2005. Uganda data from P. Drichi
	Mean			Arithmetic mean
	Max	0.4	17	Kenya Forestry Master Plan - Main Report and Annex I, First Incomplete Draft (1992). Finnida - Menr
Rainforest
Tree	Min	0.825	198	FAO, Forest Resource Assessment 2005. Uganda data from P. Drichi
	Mean	0.825	310	Brown S., 1997. Estimating biomass and biomass change of tropical forests. FAO Forestry Paper 134. (Mean value for Cameroon)
	Max	0.825	400	Brown S. Et al., 2004. Exploration of the carbon sequestration potential of classified forests in the Republic of Guinea - task 1 Report. Winrock International (original value 396 t/ha from “Guinee Forestiere”)
Woody	Min	0.575	31.7	FAO, Forest Resource Assessment 2005. Uganda data from P. Drichi
	Mean	0.4	56	Various authors, 2000. Carbon sequestration and trace gas emissions in slash-and-burn and alternative land uses in the humid tropic. ASB Climate Change Working Group, Final Report Phase II, Nairobi, Kenya
	Max	0.4	76	Various authors, 2000. Carbon sequestration and trace gas emissions in slash-and-burn and alternative land uses in the humid tropic. ASB Climate Change Working Group, Final Report Phase II, Nairobi, Kenya
Shrub	Min
	Mean			No specific reference available. Values deducted from shrub in mountain adjusted on rainforest tree biomass
	Max
Moist Deciduous
Tree	Min	0.525	46	Walker S., Desanker P., 2002. The Effects of land use change on the belowground carbon stock of the Miombo woodlands. (http://lcluc.gsfc.nasa.gov/products)
	Mean	0.825	113	Kenya's Indigenous Forests. Status, Conservation and Management. IUCN Forest Conservation Programme. Peter Wass Editor
	Max	0.525	80	Walker S., Desanker P., 2002. The Effects of land use change on the belowground carbon stock of the Miombo woodlands. (http://lcluc.gsfc.nasa.gov/products)
Woody	Min
	Mean			No specific reference available. Values deducted from woody in tropical dry adjusted on shrub in moist deciduous
	Max
Shrub	Min	0.575	10	FAO, Forest Resource Assessment 2005. Uganda data from P. Drichi
	Mean			No specific reference available. Values assumed as average of shrub in Mountain and Dry forest
	Max	0.4	17	Kenya Forestry Master Plan - Main Report and Annex I, First Incomplete Draft (1992). Finnida - Menr
Dry forest
Tree	Min
	Mean			No specific reference available. Values considered equal to mean tree formations in Shrub land
	Max
Woody	Min	0.275	3.6	Tourè A., Rasmussen K., Diallo O. & Diouf A., 2003. Actual and potential C stocks in the north-sudanian zone. A case study: the forests of Delby and Paniates in Senegal. Danish Journal of Geography, 103(1): 63-70, 2003
	Mean	0.275	7.5	The World Bank, 1986. Sudan forestry sector review. Report 5911-SU. (average of Upper Nile woodland)
	Max	0.275	8.8	Tourè A., Rasmussen K., Diallo O. & Diouf A., 2003. Actual and potential C stocks in the north-sudanian zone. A case study: the forests of Delby and Paniates in Senegal. Danish Journal of Geography, 103(1): 63-70, 2003
Shrub	Min	0.275	4	Woomer P., Tourè A., Sall M., 2003. Carbon stocks in Senegal's sahel transition zone. Presentation given at "The Dakar Workshop", Carbon sequestration, land cover monitoring and desertification in the Sahel, 11-13 March 2003. (http://edcintl.cr.usgs.gov/carbonseq/cd/SOCSOM_Synthesis/PODOR%20TALK%2003.ppt)
	Mean			Arithmetic mean
	Max	0.275	6	Woomer P., Tourè A., Sall M., 2003. Carbon stocks in Senegal's sahel transition zone. Presentation given at "The Dakar Workshop", Carbon sequestration, land cover monitoring and desertification in the Sahel, 11-13 March 2003. (http://edcintl.cr.usgs.gov/carbonseq/cd/SOCSOM_Synthesis/PODOR%20TALK%2003.ppt)
Shrub land
Tree	Min	0.825	52	Pukkala T., 1993. Yield and management of the indigenous forests and fuelwood plantations of Bura. In: Laxèn J., Koskela J., Kuusipalo J., Otsamo A. (eds.) Proceeding of the Bura Fuelwood Project research seminar in Nairobi 9-10 March 1993. Univ.of Helsinky, Tropical Forestry Reports 9 : 87-96
	Mean	0.4	43	Average of 2 values from: Kenya Forestry Master Plan - Main Report and Annex I, First Incomplete Draft (1992). Finnida - Menr; Biomass assessment and fuelwood potential from woodlands in the western lowlands, from Ministry of Agriculture of Eritrea / FAO-TCP/ERI/6712 (1997): Support to Forestry and Wildlife Sub-Sector. Pre-investment study
	Max	0.825	133	Biomass assessment and fuelwood potential from woodlands in the western lowlands, from Ministry of Agriculture of Eritrea / FAO-TCP/ERI/6712 (1997): Support to Forestry and Wildlife Sub-Sector. Pre-investment study
Woody	Min			n.a.
	Mean	0.4	9	Pukkala T., 1993. Yield and management of the indigenous forests and fuelwood plantations of Bura. In: Laxèn J., Koskela J., Kuusipalo J., Otsamo A. (eds.) Proceeding of the Bura Fuelwood Project research seminar in Nairobi 9-10 March 1993. Univ.of Helsinky, Tropical Forestry Reports 9 : 87-96
	Max	0.095	3.2	Biomass assessment and fuelwood potential from woodlands in the western lowlands, from Ministry of Agriculture of Eritrea / FAO-TCP/ERI/6712 (1997): Support to Forestry and Wildlife Sub-Sector. Pre-investment study
Shrub	Min	0.4	2	Handbook of Forestry Sector statistics - Sudan. 1995 (GCP/SUD/047/NET)
	Mean	0.095	0.8	Pukkala T., 1993. Yield and management of the indigenous forests and fuelwood plantations of Bura. In: Laxèn J., Koskela J., Kuusipalo J., Otsamo A. (eds.) Proceeding of the Bura Fuelwood Project research seminar in Nairobi 9-10 March 1993. Univ.of Helsinky, Tropical Forestry Reports 9 : 87-96
	Max	0.575	13.6	Biomass assessment and fuelwood potential from woodlands in the western lowlands, from Ministry of Agriculture of Eritrea / FAO-TCP/ERI/6712 (1997): Support to Forestry and Wildlife Sub-Sector. Pre-investment study
Mangroves	Mean	0.7	105	J.G. Kairo, B. Kivyatu, N. Koedam, Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in the Management of Mangrove Forests Within and Adjacent to Kiunga Marine Protected Area, Lamu, Kenya, Environment, Development and Sustainability, Volume 4, Issue 2, Jun 2002, Pages 153 – 166. (145 mc/ha)
Oil palm plantation	Mean		50	Average of 2 values from: Thenkabail et al., Biomass estimations and carbon stock calculations in the oil palm plantations of African derived savannas using Ikonos data (http://www.isprs.org/commission1/proceedings/paper/00012.pdf); AAVV, 2000. Carbon sequestration and trace gas emissions in slash-and-burn and alternative land uses in the humid tropic. ASB Climate Change Working Group, Final Report Phase II, Nairobi, Kenya
Tea and Coffee cultivation	Mean		40	Tentative estimate.

Other references:

Country	Items	Reference
Volume and Biomass
Sudan	Open and closed trees; mountain	Jenkin,R.N., W.J. Howard, P.Thomas, T.M.Abell,G.C.Deane, 1976. Interim report on forestry development prospects in the upper Kinyeti and Ngairigi basins, Imatong Central Forest Reserve, Sudan. Land Resources Division, Min. Of Overseas Development, UK.
Tanzania (and other SADC countries)	Several natural formations	Millington, A., and J. Towsend (eds) 1989. Tanzania Biomass assessment. Woody biomass in the SADC region. Earthscan Publication Ltd, London UK. Main references cited: D.B. Fanshawe 1967 - 72; A.C.R. Edmonds, 1976; Trapnell, 1953; Trapnell and Clothier, 1957, White , 1965.
Sudan	Several natural formations	Kazgail woody vegetation mapping and inventory report. February 1990.Sudan reforestation and anti-desertification project. Location: central Sudan; 12.25 N to 13.00 N - 29.57 E to 30.28 E. total area 289 000 ha.
Sudan	Several natural formations	GCP/RAF/354/EC. Country Report by Mr. Mohamed Ezeldeen Hussein, Coordinator of the National Forest Inventory Unit (FNC). Summary results from 1998 national forest inventory (carried out on 25% of the country)
Sudan	Several natural formations	The World Bank, 1986. Sudan forestry sector review. Report 5911-SU.
RDC		Christophe Musampa, personal communication. Inventaire des forets claires du sud-katanga( SPIAF 1989).
Somalia	Tree savannah volumes and Mean Annual Increment	Micski, Jozsef,1989. Estimation of forest resources and some consideration regarding forest management and plantations. Somalia tropical forestry action plan. ADB consultancy. Main references cited: Somalia rangelands survey 1979 - 1985
Kenya	Mean Annual Increment	Openshaw, K. (1982) applied an annual yield of woody biomass of 2.5 percent of the growing stock.
Somalia	Mean Annual Increment	Bowen et al (1987) estimates at 0.5 - 1.2 m3/yr/yr the recovery rate of the moderately degraded xerophilous woodland
Global	Mean Annual Increment	FAO, 1982. Fuelwood supply in developing countries. Forestry Paper 42:
Global	Forest plantations	Forest plantation resources, FAO data-sets 1980, 1990, 1995 AND 2000. By A. Del Lungo, FRA WP 14, FAO 2001.
Global	Forest plantations	Tropical Forest Plantation areas. 1995 Data Set, By D Pandey. FRA WP 18, FAO 2002.
Global	Biomass and conversion factors	Gaston G., Brown S:, Lorenzini M., Singh K., 1998. State and change in C pools in the forest of tropical Africa. Global Change Biology, 4: 97 - 114 (solo Abstract)
Global	Biomass and conversion factors	Brown, S., 1997. Estimating biomass and biomass change of tropical forests. Forestry Paper 134, FAO.

Annex 4. List of main deficit areas

Burundi

Subnational administrative level			Fraction of the administrative unit by balance category
Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	High deficit	Medium –high deficit	Medium-low deficit	Balanced	Medium-low surplus	Medium-high surplus	High surplus
			HDef	MHDef	MLDef	Bal	MLSur	MHSur	Hsur
Ngozi			0.97	0.03
Muramviya			0.94	0.02					0.04
Karuzi			0.88	0.07	0.05
Gitega			0.82	0.18
Kayanza			0.85	0.08				0.01	0.07
Kirundo			0.75	0.18		0.07
Muyinga			0.71	0.22	0.02	0.01	0.03	0.01
Bujumbura			0.55	0.21		0.20		0.04
Ruyigi			0.42	0.50	0.07		0.00	0.02	0.00
Bubanza			0.58	0.15			0.08	0.06	0.14
Bururi			0.29	0.43		0.19		0.09
Rutana			0.24	0.73			0.02	0.01	0.00
Makamba			0.25	0.45		0.26		0.03
Cibitoke			0.41	0.29	0.07			0.06	0.16
Cankuzo			0.09	0.68	0.05	0.01		0.16

Democratic Republic of Congo

Subnational administrative level			Fraction of the administrative unit by balance category
Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	High deficit	Medium –high deficit	Medium-low deficit	Balanced	Medium-low surplus	Medium-high surplus	High surplus
			HDef	MHDef	MLDef	Bal	MLSur	MHSur	Hsur
Kivu	Sud-Kivu	Walungu	0.75	0.00		0.00		0.22	0.03
Kasai-Oriental	Mbuji-Mayi	Mbuji-Mayi	0.72				0.03	0.24
Kivu	Bukavu	Bukavu	0.49	0.16		0.03		0.32
Bas-Zaire	Matadi	Matadi	0.45					0.48	0.07
Shaba	Lubumbashi	Lubumbashi	0.37		0.15			0.48
Kivu	Sud-Kivu	Idjwi	0.33	0.12		0.31		0.24
Kivu	Nord-Kivu	Goma	0.29	0.01		0.09	0.13	0.48	0.00
Kinshasa	Kinshasa	Kinshasa Urban	0.44	0.13		0.21			0.21
Lake Kivu	N.A.	N.A.	0.06	0.17	0.00	0.73		0.03	0.01

Egypt

Subnational administrative level			Fraction of the administrative unit by balance category
Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	High deficit	Medium –high deficit	Medium-low deficit	Balanced	Medium-low surplus	Medium-high surplus	High surplus
			HDef	MHDef	MLDef	Bal	MLSur	MHSur	Hsur
Lower Egypt	Al Gharbiyah (Gharbia)	N.A.	1.00
Lower Egypt	Al Minufiyah (Menoufia)	N.A.	0.97	0.03	0.00			0.00
Lower Egypt	Al Qalyubiyah (Kalyoubia)	N.A.	0.91	0.07	0.02
Lower Egypt	Al Daqahliyah (Dakahlia)	N.A.	0.72	0.12	0.01	0.08	0.04	0.03
Lower Egypt	Dumyat (Damietta)	N.A.	0.61	0.02		0.31	0.00	0.06
Upper Egypt	Suhaj	N.A.	0.52	0.22	0.03	0.22	0.00	0.00
Lower Egypt	Kafr-El-Sheikh	N.A.	0.49	0.23	0.08	0.13	0.02	0.05
Upper Egypt	Asyiut	N.A.	0.42	0.38	0.02	0.15	0.03
Upper Egypt	Qina	N.A.	0.32	0.41	0.04	0.21	0.02	0.00
Lower Egypt	Ash Sharqiyah (Sharkia)	N.A.	0.40	0.21	0.06	0.11	0.06	0.11	0.05
Upper Egypt	Beni Suwayf (Beni-Suef)	N.A.	0.24	0.10	0.04	0.59	0.02	0.02
Upper Egypt	Al Fayyum (Fayoum)	N.A.	0.19	0.17	0.03	0.61
Lower Egypt	Al Buhayrah (Behera)	N.A.	0.20	0.12	0.05	0.43	0.07	0.13
Urban Governates	Al Qahirah (Cairo)	N.A.	0.17	0.05	0.06	0.72
Urban Governates	Al Iskandariyah (Alex.)	N.A.	0.12	0.18	0.12	0.47	0.06	0.05
Upper Egypt	Al Minya (Menia)	N.A.	0.11	0.05	0.00	0.82		0.02

Eritrea

Subnational administrative level			Fraction of the administrative unit by balance category
Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	High deficit	Medium –high deficit	Medium-low deficit	Balanced	Medium-low surplus	Medium-high surplus	High surplus
			HDef	MHDef	MLDef	Bal	MLSur	MHSur	Hsur
Makelay	Asmara City	N.A.	1.00
Makelay	Berikh	N.A.	0.60	0.01	0.24			0.14	0.01
Anseba	Keren	N.A.	0.56	0.12	0.32	0.00
Makelay	Serejeka	N.A.	0.56	0.29				0.15	0.00
Makelay	Ghala Nefhi	N.A.	0.37	0.63
Debub	Debarwa	N.A.	0.26	0.50	0.04	0.12	0.08
Debub	Mendefera	N.A.	0.20	0.80
Debub	Segheneyti	N.A.	0.22	0.46	0.00	0.05	0.11	0.15	0.00
Debub	Adi Keyh	N.A.	0.10	0.55			0.12	0.23	0.01
Debub	Kudo Bu`er	N.A.	0.01	0.89	0.09

Kenya

Subnational administrative level			Fraction of the administrative unit by balance category
Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	High deficit	Medium –high deficit	Medium-low deficit	Balanced	Medium-low surplus	Medium-high surplus	High surplus
			HDef	MHDef	MLDef	Bal	MLSur	MHSur	Hsur
NYANZA	KISII	N.A.	0.96	0.02		0.02
WESTERN	VIHIGA	N.A.	0.88	0.07				0.01	0.04
NYANZA	NYAMIRA	N.A.	0.67	0.33
NAIROBI	NAIROBI	N.A.	0.63	0.36	0.01			0.01
COAST	MOMBASA	N.A.	0.51	0.26	0.01	0.22
NYANZA	KISUMU	N.A.	0.49	0.40		0.04		0.07
WESTERN	KAKAMEGA	N.A.	0.53	0.31	0.01			0.08	0.07
CENTRAL	KIAMBU	N.A.	0.53	0.20	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.13	0.09
NYANZA	MIGORI	N.A.	0.36	0.51	0.03	0.09		0.01
WESTERN	BUNGOMA	N.A.	0.48	0.29		0.01	0.04	0.03	0.16
CENTRAL	MURANGA	N.A.	0.44	0.20	0.03	0.07	0.03	0.10	0.13
WESTERN	BUSIA	N.A.	0.33	0.29	0.03	0.12		0.19	0.03
NYANZA	HOMA_BAY	N.A.	0.28	0.18	0.04	0.49	0.02
NYANZA	SIAYA	N.A.	0.27	0.43	0.06	0.06	0.05	0.12	0.01
CENTRAL	KIRINYAGA	N.A.	0.45	0.21	0.06			0.08	0.20
RIFT VALLEY	TRANS-NZOIA	N.A.	0.29	0.48	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.06	0.12
RIFT VALLEY	KERICHO	N.A.	0.39	0.13			0.03	0.24	0.21
EASTERN	MACHAKOS	N.A.	0.10	0.58	0.09	0.07	0.03	0.12	0.01

Rwanda

Subnational administrative level			Fraction of the administrative unit by balance category
Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	High deficit	Medium –high deficit	Medium-low deficit	Balanced	Medium-low surplus	Medium-high surplus	High surplus
			HDef	MHDef	MLDef	Bal	MLSur	MHSur	Hsur
Ruhengeri			0.65	0.20	0.05			0.08	0.02
Gisenyi			0.56	0.30			0.01	0.08	0.05
Butare			0.48	0.46			0.05	0.01
Gitarama			0.45	0.51	0.04
Kigali			0.28	0.63	0.03	0.04		0.03
Kibuye			0.24	0.46	0.01	0.16		0.10	0.04
Byumba			0.13	0.28	0.09	0.09	0.19	0.23

Somalia

Subnational administrative level			Fraction of the administrative unit by balance category
Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	High deficit	Medium –high deficit	Medium-low deficit	Balanced	Medium-low surplus	Medium-high surplus	High surplus
			HDef	MHDef	MLDef	Bal	MLSur	MHSur	Hsur
Banaadir	Mogadisho	N.A.	0.48		0.50	0.02
Sh. Hoose	Afgooye (Afgoi)	N.A.	0.04	0.09	0.13	0.25	0.24	0.24
Sh. Dhexe	Cadale	N.A.		0.12	0.63	0.22	0.03
W. Galbeed	Hargeysa	N.A.	0.01	0.04	0.33	0.38	0.12	0.11
Sh. Dhexe	Aadan	N.A.		0.02	0.44	0.48	0.05	0.01

Sudan

Subnational administrative level			Fraction of the administrative unit by balance category
Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	High deficit	Medium –high deficit	Medium-low deficit	Balanced	Medium-low surplus	Medium-high surplus	High surplus
			HDef	MHDef	MLDef	Bal	MLSur	MHSur	Hsur
Khartoum	Khartoum	Khartoum North	0.99	0.01
Central	El Gazira	El Kamlin	0.34	0.66
Central	El Gazira	El Manaquil	0.23	0.77	0.00
Khartoum	Khartoum	Khartoum	0.16	0.84
Central	El Gazira	Hasaheisa	0.11	0.88	0.00
Central	Blue Nile	Sennar	0.06	0.94	0.00
Central	El Gazira	Ma tuq	0.04	0.96	0.00
Central	El Gazira	Rufaa	0.14	0.68	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.07	0.08
Khartoum	Khartoum	Abu Deleiq	0.10	0.14	0.59	0.18
Eastern	Kassala	Goz Regeb	0.03	0.77	0.07	0.11	0.02	0.01
Central	El Gazira	Wad Medani	0.03	0.87	0.03		0.01	0.04	0.02
Central	Blue Nile	Es Suki		1.00				0.00
Central	White Nile	Kawa	0.03	0.62	0.35
Central	White Nile	El Dewiem		0.95	0.05	0.01
Central	White Nile	El Geteina	0.03	0.58	0.35	0.04
Central	White Nile	Rabak	0.08	0.26	0.48	0.03	0.00	0.15
Kordufan	South. Kordofan	Kadugli	0.03	0.70	0.08	0.07	0.05	0.07
Kordufan	North. Kordofan	El Obeid	0.02	0.58	0.31	0.09	0.00	0.00
Kordufan	North. Kordofan	Umm Ruwaba		0.79	0.15	0.01	0.02	0.04
Central	Blue Nile	El Garef	0.03	0.59	0.15	0.00	0.10	0.13
Bahr el Ghazal	Bahr el Ghazal	Wun Rog	0.02	0.55	0.23	0.10	0.05	0.04
Eastern	Kassala	Kassala	0.00	0.43	0.16	0.30	0.09	0.02
Central	White Nile	Tendelti		0.68	0.03		0.03	0.26
Eastern	Red Sea	Sinkat		0.34	0.63	0.03
Khartoum	Khartoum	Omdurman	0.02	0.06	0.53	0.31	0.08
Central	White Nile	Kosti		0.56	0.09	0.04	0.04	0.27

Tanzania

Subnational administrative level			Fraction of the administrative unit by balance category
Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	High deficit	Medium –high deficit	Medium-low deficit	Balanced	Medium-low surplus	Medium-high surplus	High surplus
			HDef	MHDef	MLDef	Bal	MLSur	MHSur	Hsur
Mjini-Magharibi	Zansibar Town	N.A.	1.00
Mjini-Magharibi	Zansibar West	N.A.	0.78	0.00		0.17		0.05
Kilimanjaro	Moshi	N.A.	0.77	0.17	0.01	0.00			0.05
Mwanza	Ukerewe	N.A.	0.72	0.04		0.24
Mwanza	Mwanza	N.A.	0.62	0.26		0.11
Mwanza	Magu	N.A.	0.60	0.33		0.07
Kaskazini-Pemba	Wete-Pemba	N.A.	0.60	0.19		0.21
Kusini-Pemba	Chakechake	N.A.	0.63			0.16		0.21
Kusini-Pemba	Mkoani	N.A.	0.60	0.08		0.25		0.07
Arusha	Arusha	N.A.	0.61	0.10		0.20			0.09
Mwanza	Kwimba	N.A.	0.46	0.52		0.02
Mwanza	Sengerema	N.A.	0.47	0.25		0.18		0.05	0.05
Mbeya	Kyela	N.A.	0.40	0.19	0.06	0.16	0.06	0.12
Mara	Bunda	N.A.	0.35	0.55	0.00	0.09	0.01	0.00
Arusha	Arumeru	N.A.	0.49	0.26		0.00		0.13	0.13
Kaskazini-Unguja	Zansibar North-Central	N.A.	0.39			0.42		0.19
Tanga	Tanga	N.A.	0.36			0.64
Kagera	Muleba	N.A.	0.34	0.30	0.03	0.09	0.01	0.24	0.00
Mara	Musoma	N.A.	0.277	0.60	0.02	0.09		0.02
Kaskazini-Pemba	Micheweni-Pemba	N.A.	0.31	0.23		0.46
Mara	Tarime	N.A.	0.26	0.63	0.03	0.04	0.02	0.01
Tanga	Lushoto	N.A.	0.33	0.51	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.08	0.06
Shinyanga	Shinyanga	N.A.	0.14	0.84	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00
Kilimanjaro	Mwanga	N.A.	0.14	0.76	0.07	0.00	0.03
Kusini Unguja	Zansibar Central	N.A.	0.23	0.20		0.27		0.29	0.01
Kaskazini-Unguja	Zansibar North	N.A.	0.21	0.22		0.25		0.32
Mwanza	Geita	N.A.	0.18	0.55	0.06	0.08	0.01	0.09	0.03
Shinyanga	Maswa	N.A.	0.08	0.86	0.02	0.02	0.02
Shinyanga	Bariadi	N.A.	0.09	0.60	0.09	0.03	0.11	0.09
Tabora	Igunga	N.A.	0.05	0.76	0.05		0.04	0.10

Uganda

Subnational administrative level			Fraction of the administrative unit by balance category
Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	High deficit	Medium –high deficit	Medium-low deficit	Balanced	Medium-low surplus	Medium-high surplus	High surplus
			HDef	MHDef	MLDef	Bal	MLSur	MHSur	Hsur
Mbale	Mbale Municipality	N.A.	1.00
Jinja	Butembe	N.A.	0.91	0.09
Kabale	Kabale Municipality	N.A.	0.89	0.11
Lira	Lira Municipality	N.A.	0.91					0.09
Kampala	Kampala City Council	N.A.	0.89	0.04	0.05				0.02
Soroti	Soroti Municipality	N.A.	0.87					0.13
Mbale	Bungokho	N.A.	0.84	0.02				0.14
Bushenyi	Kajara	N.A.	0.74	0.26	0.01
Masaka	Kalungu	N.A.	0.74	0.21		0.04
Bushenyi	Sheema	N.A.	0.68	0.32
Tororo	Tororo	N.A.	0.67	0.33				0.00
Kabale	Ndorwa	N.A.	0.59	0.26		0.15
Tororo	Tororo Municipality	N.A.	0.55	0.45
Pallisa	Butebo	N.A.	0.57	0.13		0.22		0.08
Kabarole	Fort Portal Municipality	N.A.	0.55	0.22				0.23
Iganga	Bugweri	N.A.	0.57	0.03				0.40
Mbale	Bubulo	N.A.	0.67	0.15		0.00			0.18
Mpigi	Entebbe Municipality	N.A.	0.53	0.04		0.00		0.43
Masaka	Masaka Municipality	N.A.	0.41	0.59
Jinja	Kagoma	N.A.	0.50	0.00				0.50
Kabale	Rukiga	N.A.	0.38	0.60	0.02	0.00
Pallisa	Kibuku	N.A.	0.44	0.08	0.01			0.47
Mukono	Ntenjeru	N.A.	0.38	0.33	0.11		0.02	0.16
Mbarara	Rwampara	N.A.	0.31	0.65		0.01		0.03
Mbarara	Ruhaama	N.A.	0.30	0.58		0.05		0.07
Tororo	Kisoko (West Budama)	N.A.	0.34	0.47				0.15	0.03
Masaka	Bukomansimbi	N.A.	0.27	0.56	0.09	0.04		0.03
Tororo	Bunyole	N.A.	0.31	0.36	0.06	0.00		0.27
Iganga	Luuka	N.A.	0.36	0.12	0.04		0.06	0.40	0.02
Pallisa	Budaka	N.A.	0.30	0.26	0.09	0.19		0.17
Kumi	Ngora	N.A.	0.23	0.63	0.14
Arua	Maracha	N.A.	0.25	0.45		0.00	0.18	0.12
Mukono	Nakifuma	N.A.	0.48	0.16			0.00	0.16	0.20
Mbarara	Isingiro	N.A.	0.21	0.52		0.17	0.07	0.03
Pallisa	Pallisa	N.A.	0.21	0.43	0.30	0.01		0.05
Bushenyi	Rushenyi	N.A.	0.17	0.83	0.01	0.00
Kamuli	Buzaaya	N.A.	0.27	0.21	0.00			0.52
Mpigi	Kyadondo	N.A.	0.42	0.13		0.04		0.24	0.17
Nebbi	Padyere	N.A.	0.20	0.47	0.04	0.00	0.15	0.13
Mbarara	Mbarara Municipality	N.A.	0.14	0.86
Lira	Erute	N.A.	0.21	0.29	0.16		0.02	0.32
Rukungiri	Rubabo	N.A.	0.14	0.62	0.21			0.03
Rakai	Kyotera	N.A.	0.23	0.51		0.06	0.00	0.12	0.09
Kabale	Rubanda	N.A.	0.27	0.41		0.01		0.19	0.12
Kisoro	Bufumbira	N.A.	0.33	0.45		0.00		0.01	0.21
Mbarara	Kashari	N.A.	0.25	0.32				0.34	0.09
Gulu	Gulu Municipality	N.A.	0.47					0.23	0.30
Iganga	Kigulu	N.A.	0.29	0.19				0.39	0.12
Kumi	Kumi	N.A.	0.10	0.52	0.09	0.25	0.01	0.02
Iganga	Bunya	N.A.	0.27	0.17		0.16		0.28	0.12
Tororo	Samia-Bugwe	N.A.	0.25	0.31	0.11	0.06		0.12	0.15
Kapchorwa	Tingey	N.A.	0.39	0.15	0.00	0.08		0.10	0.28
Iganga	Bukooli	N.A.	0.19	0.30	0.05	0.08		0.31	0.07

Annexes

Annex 1. Definitions and conversion factors

Annex 2. Demand module. References on woodfuel consumption

Burundi

Congo, Democratic Republic

Egypt

Eritrea

Kenya

Rwanda

Somalia

Sudan

Tanzania

Uganda

Annex 3. Supply module. References on woody biomass stocking

Annex 4. List of main deficit areas