3. Country Plant Protection Profiles

Agricultural Population 

Agricultural Land

48.3 million ha

GDP $410 590 million

Agric. GDP: 2.9%

GNI per capita: $26 900

Undernourishment: 2.5%

Main crops grown:

Policies (regarding plant quarantine)

Yes

No

Does phytosanitary legislation cover domestic quarantine?

x

Does phytosanitary legislation cover import quarantine?

x

Does phytosanitary legislation cover export quarantine?

x

Does phytosanitary legislation cover living modified organisms?

x

Is plant quarantine a separate organization from animal quarantine?

x

Other policy initiatives (under review/progress)

Web source for further information: –

Organization of Plant
Quarantine Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Pest Risk Analysis

DAFF/Biosecurity Australia

National standards development

International notifications

Import:

Import inspections

Emergency action

DAFF/PIAPH/OCPPO

Export:

Phytosanitary certificates

Treatment of commodities

Certified service providers

Infrastructure

Year: 2005

Number of plant quarantine officers authorized to inspect/certify

2,800

Total qualified personnel for plant pest risk analysis

Number of quarantine offices

entry points (sea/air/land/mail = total)

13/23//0 = 36

post-entry plant quarantine containment facilities

Number of quarantine service diagnosis laboratories

In-country recognized pest diagnostics capabilities (incl. universities, etc.)

Number of laboratories for insect/mite (arthropod) samples

Number of laboratories for bacteria samples

Number of laboratories for virus samples

Number of laboratories for fungus samples

Number of laboratories for mycoplasma samples

Number of laboratories for nematode samples

Number of laboratories for plant/weed samples

Number of laboratories for other pests (snail, slug, rodents, etc.)

Pest-Free Areas
According to ISPM 10

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Overall management

States/territories

– certification

List of target pest species and crops ISPM 4

Queensland Fruit Fly

Mediterranean Fruit Fly

List of target pest species and crops I SPM 10

Number of sites in [year]

Web source for further information: Information provided to IPPC in response to pest free areas survey

International Trade

Year:

Main Import Plant Commodities

Main countries/areas of origin

Quantity (tons)

Main Export Plant Commodities

Main destination countries

Cooperation Projects

Title (Purpose/Target)

Years (start-end)

SPS Capacity Building Programme for ASEAN

2004-2007

See SPS paper G/SPS/GEN/717

Title of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

Institutional Functions

Year:

Number of import permits issued

1.3 million

Number of import inspections carried out

Number of emergency phytosanitary treatments taken on imports

Number notifications of non-compliance

Number of conventional phytosanitary certificates issued

Number of electronic phytosanitary certificates issued

Lists of Regulated Pests

Year of last update

Insects

Pathogens

Plants

Number of quarantine pests

Number of regulated non-quarantine pests

Number of regulated import articles

15 IRA (Import Risk Analysis)

Web source for further information: see IPP

Pest Risk Analysis

Insects

Pathogens

Plants

No. of PRA completed and documented (according to ISPM)

PRA included in the IRA: completed for 15 commodities/countries of origin, 9 currently under review. SEE LINK AT IPP.
Web source for further information: http://www.daff.gov.au/content/output.cfm?ObjectID=4B6768B0-F086-4EDE-95029297CCAC6B6E

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

Implementation of ISPM

RelevanceI

Implementation

Planned/Actual
Year of full
implementation

International Measures

medium

high

partial

most

full

ISPM 01 Principles of plant quarantine as related to international trade

x

x

ISPM 02 Guidelines for pest risk analysis

x

x

ISPM 03 Code of conduct for the import and release of exotic biological control agents

x

x

ISPM 04 Requirements for the establishment of pest free areas

x

x

ISPM 05 Glossary of phytosanitary terms

x

x

ISPM 06 Guidelines for surveillance

x

x

ISPM 07 Export certification system

x

x

ISPM 08 Determination of pest status in an area

x

x

ISPM 09 Guidelines for pest eradication programmes

x

x

ISPM 10 Requirements for the establishment of pest free places of production and pest free production sites

x

x

ISPM 11 Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests

x

x

ISPM 12 Guidelines for phytosanitary certificates

x

x

ISPM 13 Guidelines for the notification of

noncompliance and emergency action

x

x

ISPM 14 The use of integrated measures in a systems approach for pest risk management

x

x

ISPM 15 Guidelines for regulating wood packaging material in international trade

x

x

ISPM 16 Regulated non-quarantine pests: concept and application

x

x

ISPM 17 Pest reporting

x

x

ISPM 18 Guidelines for the use of irradiation as a phytosanitary measure

x

x

ISPM 19 Guidelines on lists of regulated pests

x

x

ISPM 20 Guidelines for a phytosanitary import regulatory system

x

x

ISPM 21 Pest risk analysis for regulated non-quarantine pests

x

x

ISPM 22 Requirements for the establishment of areas of low pest prevalence

x

x

ISPM 23 Guidelines for inspection

x

x

ISPM 24 Guidelines for the determination and
recognition of equivalence of phytosanitary measures

x

x

ISPM 25 Consignments in transit

x

x

ISPM 26 Establishment of pest free areas for fruit flies (Tephritidae)

x

x

ISPM 27 Diagnostic protocols for regulated pests

x

x

Comments/Constraints

Policies (regarding invasive/migratory species management)

Yes

No

National strategy to control serious field pest outbreaks?

x

National strategy to control migratory or periodically occurring pests?

x

National strategy to eradicate serious newly invaded exotic pests?

x

Other policies: (e.g. subsidies, etc.)

Web source for further information: www.outbreak.gov.au http://www.daff.gov.au/content/output.cfm?ObjectID=84D90915-8340-434B-9677E0D0B5C54D2F

Organization of Outbreak
Management Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Field/Storage Pest Outbreaks

(e.g. BPH, bollworm, etc.)

Response strategy/plans

DAFF/PIAPH/OCPPO

States/territories

Migratory Pest Outbreaks

(e.g. locusts, birds, armyworm)

Response strategy/plans 

DAFF/PIAPH/APLC, Queensland, NSW, Victoria,
South Australia, Western Australia

DAFF/PIAPH/APLC; State Departments in Queensland, NSW,
Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia

New Exotic Pest Eradication

(e.g. coconut beetle)

Response strategy/plans

DAFF/PIAPH/OCPPO

States and territories

Control/eradication

DAFF/PIAPH/OCPPO + states/territories

Reporting to bilateral or international organizations

Infrastructure

Year:

Number of designated staff for surveillance of field pests of national importance

Number of designated staff for surveillance of migratory and periodically occurring pests

Number of designated staff for surveillance of invasive species

Number of designated staff for control of field pests of national importance

Number of designated staff for control of migratory and periodically occurring pests

Number of designated staff for eradication of invasive species

New exotic species found established in country

Insects

Pathogens

Weeds

Total number for year:

Total number for year:

Total number on record

Eradication or internal quarantine actions taken against economically important species

Name of species

Current lettuce aphid

European house borer

Year of first discovery

Location of first discovery

Queensland

Area affected [ha]

Area treated [ha]

Control method

Host destruction

Pest outbreak actions

Outbreak 1

Outbreak 2

Outbreak 3

Name of species

Australian Plague
Locust

Year of outbreak

2006/07

2006/07

2006/07

Area affected [ha]

Estimated damage $

Area treated by government [ha]

Expenditures by government [$]

Control method

Ground and aerial
spray

More information

NB APLC is not national and only deals with some areas of relevant states where migration is across state borders of Qld, NSW, Victoria and SA

Western Australia

Victoria

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

Policies (regarding pest management)

Yes

No

Do you have policies encouraging organic or low-pesticide use production

x

Is IPM specifically mentioned in laws or policy documents?

x

Do you have official Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) or any other relevant food safety (ecofood, etc.) standards for pest management?

Is pest management extension separate from general extension?

Other policies: (subsidies, production inputs, etc.)

Web source for further information: –

Organization of Plant
Protection Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Policy development

Australian Government, states and territories

Pest management research

States and territories

Control recommendations

States and territories

Pest management extension

States and territories

States and territories

Infrastructure

Year:

Number of technical officers for pest management

Number of central, regional, provincial or state offices

Number of district and village level field offices

Number of field/extension agents for pest management advice

Number of field/extension agents trained in IPM-FFS facilitation

Number of government biocontrol production/distribution facilities

Number of government biopesticide production/distribution facilities

Number of general extension staff involved in pest management

Number of designated plant protection technical officers for extension

Pest Management

Yes

No

Does the country have a National IPM Programme? If yes, give Name and Address of IPM Programme:

x

Does the country have specific IPM extension programmes? If yes, in which crops?:

Does the country have specific IPM research programmes? If yes, in which crops?:

Does the country have specific GAP extension programmes? If yes, in which crops?:

Does the country have specific GAP research programmes? If yes, in which crops?:

Market shares (estimated value, volume or area under control; or percent)

Year:

Size of chemical pest control market

Size of biopesticides market

Size of biological control agents market

Major pest control requiring crops (requiring most pesticide applications)

1^st

2^nd

3^rd

Affected crop

Name(s) of pest(s)

Estimated crop loss

Affected area

Number of pesticide applications or amount of pesticide used

Government action taken

Cooperation Projects

Donor

Amount

Years (start-end)

Purpose/Target of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

Pest Management Extension

Year:

Number of farmers trained in IPM during the year

Number of IPM-FFS conducted during the year

Number of farmers trained in GAP standards during the year

Area under IPM/low pesticide management [ha]

Area under organic/pesticide-free management [ha]

Crops in which IPM or other ecology friendly programmes are successfully implemented:

Crops grown organic/pesticide-free:

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

Policies (regarding pesticide management)

Yes

No

Do you have national pesticide reduction targets? If yes, what is the target: ____________

x

Have you ratified the Rotterdam (PIC) Convention?

x

Have you ratified the Stockholm (POP) Convention?

x

Have your ratified the Basel Convention? (hazardous wastes)

x

Have your ratified the Montreal Protocol? (MeBr phasing-out)

x

Have you reported the observance of the Code of Conduct to FAO according to Art. 12 of the Code?

Have you adopted Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)?

x

Pesticide Registration

Do you require pesticides to conform to relevant FAO or WHO specifications?

Do you allow the “me-too” registration and sale of generic pesticides?

x

Do you require data on product equivalence for generic registration?

x

Do you conduct country-specific risk assessments for…

x

x

x

Have you adopted the Global Harmonized System (GHS) for pesticides hazards evaluation and labelling?

Not
Yet

Do you accept evaluation results from other countries? Note: Yes, with qualifications

Note

Do you accept field studies conducted in other countries?

x

Do you require environmental fate studies?

x

Incentives/Disincentives

Do you have a special tax on pesticides to cover externality costs?

x

Do you subsidize or provide low-cost pesticides?

x

Do you subsidize or provide low-cost biopesticides?

x

Other policies:

Web source for further information: –

Organization of Plant
Protection Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Licensing of shops

Licensing of field applicators

Enforcement/inspections

States/territories & APVMA for supply

Testing of pesticide efficacy

APVMA requires of applicant

Development of pesticide use recommendations

Safe use training/extension

States/territories

Food residue monitoring

DAFF/PIAPH/Natl. Residue Survey

Environmental monitoring

DAFF/PIAPH/Natl. Residue Survey

Health monitoring

(DAFF)/APVMA/Adverse Experience Reporting Programme

Other Stakeholders:

Pesticide Industry Association

CropLife Australia, ACCORD, PACIA

Civil Society Organizations
(NGO, etc.)

Infrastructure

Year:

Number of registration officers

(depends how define)

Number of enforcement officers

States – unknown

Number of department quality control laboratories

none

Number of quality control laboratory personnel

none

Number of department residue analysis laboratories

National Residue Survey Labs

Number of residue laboratory personnel

unknown

Pesticide Trade: 2004-2005

Tons

US$ ’000 Value

Domestic Use/Sales

1 851 222

Pesticide Use Profile:

Tons
(a.i./formulation to be specified)

US$ ’000 Value

246 164

Chem. Fungicides

124 687

398 170

204 437

Other purposes

564 556

Testing, Quality Control and Effects in the Field

Yes

No

Do you have significant problems with low-quality pesticides in the market?

x

Do you have significant problems with pesticide resistance?

x

Do you have a list of pesticides under close observation for problems

Source for more information: –

Health and Environmental Information

Yes

No

Do you maintain data on pesticide poisoning cases?

x

Do you have a system to monitor pesticide residues in food?

x

Do you have a system to monitor pesticide residues in the environment?

Do you have significant problems of environmental contamination from pesticides?

x

Do you have data on pesticides effects on wildlife and ecosystems?

x

Source for more information: –

Pesticide Disposal

Yes

No

Do you have system to collect and safely dispose of used containers and small quantities of left-over pesticides?

x

Do you have an inventory of outdated and obsolete pesticides in the country? (e.g. banned and no longer traded, but still in storage)

Do you have illegal trade in pesticides?

if yes: what is the estimated amount: _______________

Source for more information: –

Registration/Regulation/Monitoring

Year:

a.i.*

Trade Name

Number of registered pesticide products

Number of registered biopesticides (Avamectrin, Bt, Neem, etc.)

Number of restricted-use pesticides/formulations

Number of licensed outlets

Number of food samples analyzed for pesticide residues during year

20 322

Number of samples exceeding MRL

26

Number of environmental samples an

alyzed for pesticide residues

126 (wild fish)

Pesticides Restricted in Recent Years

Year

Name of active ingredient or hazardous formulation

pre-construction termiticide product containing chlorpyrifos

pindone that is a concentrate and for which the relevant label instructions require further mixing with carriers before it is ready to use as a bait

Pesticides Banned in Recent Years

Year

Name of active ingredient

Those chemicals listed in the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants for which Australia has not registered an exemption

Cooperation Projects

Years (start-end)

Purpose/Target of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

Genetically Modified Crops

Name of GMO Crop

Area under Cultivation [ha]