Agricultural Population

Agricultural Land

GDP $4 299 million

Agric. GDP: 35.6%

GNI per capita: $380

Undernourishment: 33%

Main crops grown:

Policies (regarding plant quarantine)

Ye s

No

Does phytosanitary legislation cover domestic quarantine?

Does phytosanitary legislation cover import quarantine?

Does phytosanitary legislation cover export quarantine?

Does phytosanitary legislation cover living modified organisms?

Is plant quarantine a separate organization from animal quarantine?

Other policy initiatives (under review/progress)
protect the agriculture production and biodiversity.

Web source for further information: www.maff.gov.kh/www.ippc.int

Organization of Plant
Quarantine Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Pest Risk Analysis

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO/Phytosanitary Section

National standards development

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO/Phytosanitary Section

International notifications

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO/Phytosanitary Section (IPPC/APPPC) MOC/CAMCONTROL/(for WTO-SPS)

Import:

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO/Phytosanitary Section

Import inspections

Emergency action

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO/Phytosanitary Section

Export:

Phytosanitary certificates

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO/Phytosanitary Section

Treatment of commodities

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO/Phytosanitary Section Authorized pest control services

Infrastructure

Year: 2006

Number of plant quarantine officers authorized to inspect/certify

35

Total qualified personnel for plant pest risk analysis

5

Number of quarantine offices

entry points (sea/air/land/mail = total)

0/1/0/0 = 1

post-entry plant quarantine containment facilities

0

0

Number of quarantine service diagnosis laboratories

1

In-country recognized pest diagnostics capabilities (incl. universities, etc.)

2

Number of laboratories for insect/mite (arthropod) samples

2

Number of laboratories for bacteria samples

0

Number of laboratories for virus samples

0

Number of laboratories for fungus samples

2

Number of laboratories for mycoplasma samples

0

Number of laboratories for nematode samples

0

Number of laboratories for plant/weed samples

2

Number of laboratories for other pests (snail, slug, rodents, etc.)

0

Pest-Free Areas
According to ISPM 10

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Overall management

– 

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO/Plant Protection Section

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO/Plant Protection Section

– 

Number of sites in [year]

   Number of sites in [year]

International Trade

Year: 2006

Main Import Plant Commodities

Main countries/areas of origin

Quantity (tons)

Thailand, Singapore, China

China, Singapore

Main Export Plant Commodities

Main destination countries

Anacardium occidentale (Cashew nut)

India, China

25

Arachis hypogaea (Groundnut)

Taiwan

15

Taiwan

5

Hevea brasiliensis (Rubber wood)

Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan, Thailand, China

47

Manihot esculenta (Tapioca starch)

Indonesia, Malaysia, China, Philippines

16

Nicotiana tabacum (Tobacco)

Indonesia, Singapore, Republic of Korea

13

Oriza sativa (rice) milled paddy rice

Australia, Belgium, France, Malaysia, New Zealand, USA, Thailand, Italy, Taiwan

27

Phellinus linteus (Dry Mushroom)

Republic of Korea

8

Piper nigrum (Black pepper)

UK

1

Sesamum indicum (Seasame)

China, Taiwan

11

Vigna radiata (Mungbean)

Taiwan

10

Zea mays (pigeon corn)

Hong Kong, Republic of Korea, Taiwan

26

Cooperation Projects

Title (Purpose/Target)

Years (start-end)

Agric. Productivity Improvement Project

1999-2005

Phytosanitary Capacity Dev. Proj. Phase1 Installation of NPD and SOM

2001-2005

Phytosanitary Capacity Dev. Proj. Phase 2
Pest surveillance, diagnosis and PRA

AU$29 089 + NZ$37 552

2007-2009

Title of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

Institutional Functions

Year: 2006

Number of import permits issued

19

Number of import inspections carried out

0

Number of emergency phytosanitary treatments taken on imports

0

Number notifications of non-compliance

0

Number of conventional phytosanitary certificates issued

0

Number of electronic phytosanitary certificates issued

287

Number of quarantine pests intercepted

Year:

Top three commodity

Top three pest/commodity

# of interceptions

Lists of Regulated Pests

Year of last update

Insects

Pathogens

Plants

Number of quarantine pests

119

38

13

Number of regulated non-quarantine pests

Number of regulated import articles

27 plant genera

Web source for further information: –

Pest Risk Analysis

Insects

Pathogens

Plants

No. of PRA completed and documented (according to ISPM)

0

Web source for further information: –

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

• National Phytosanitary Database have been set up (NZAID)
• Capacity building for staffs on pest surveillance, pest list (entomology and plant pathology) (AusAID: SPS capacity building for ASEAN; NZAID II)
• 2004 Sub-Decree No. 6 on the management of international airport of the Kingdom of Cambodia (30/03/04): Plant and animal quarantine staff are included in the team of border check point inspectors.

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

• No Plant Quarantine Check point at all river-port, seaport and entry-exit point of the land border,
• Awareness on the advantages of Phytosanitary Inspection is still low amount related inspection agencies, exporters, shipping agencies, and policy-makers.
• Plant Quarantine infrastructure is still remain a big gap below the ISPM, that is the main constrain in compliance with the importing country requirement.

ISPM 01

ISPM 02 

ISPM 03 

ISPM 04 

ISPM 05 

ISPM 06 

ISPM 07 

ISPM 08 

ISPM 09 

Requirements for the establishment of pest free places of production and pest free production sites

Pest risk analysis for quarantine pests

Guidelines for phytosanitary certificates

Guidelines for the notification of noncompliance and emergency action

The use of integrated measures in a systems approach for pest risk management

Guidelines for regulating wood packaging material in international trade

Regulated non-quarantine pests: concept and application

Pest reporting

Guidelines for the use of irradiation as a phytosanitary measure

Guidelines on lists of regulated pests

Guidelines for a phytosanitary import regulatory system

Pest risk analysis for regulated non-quarantine pests

Requirements for the establishment of areas of low pest prevalence

Guidelines for inspection

Guidelines for the determination and recognition of equivalence of phytosanitary measures

Consignments in transit

Establishment of pest free areas for fruit flies (Tephritidae)

Diagnostic protocols for regulated pests

Policies (regarding invasive/migratory species management)

Ye s

No

National strategy to control serious field pest outbreaks?

x

National strategy to control migratory or periodically occurring pests?

x

National strategy to eradicate serious newly invaded exotic pests?

x

Other policies: (e.g. subsidies, etc.)

Web source for further information: –

Organization of Outbreak
Management Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Field/Storage Pest Outbreaks

(e.g. BPH, bollworm, etc.)

Response strategy/plans

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO + CARDI

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO

Migratory Pest Outbreaks

(e.g. locusts, birds, armyworm)

Response strategy/plans

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO

New Exotic Pest Eradication

(e.g. coconut beetle)

Response strategy/plans

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO

Control/eradication

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO

Reporting to bilateral or international organizations

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO

Infrastructure

Year: 2006

Number of designated staff for surveillance of field pests of national importance

Number of designated staff for surveillance of migratory and periodically occurring pests

Number of designated staff for surveillance of invasive species

Number of designated staff for control of field pests of national importance

Number of designated staff for control of migratory and periodically occurring pests

Number of designated staff for eradication of invasive species

New exotic species found established in country

Insects

Pathogens

Weeds

Total number for year: 2006

Total number for year: 2005 and before

2

Total number on record

2

Eradication or internal quarantine actions taken against economically important species

Name of species

Brontispa longissima

Year of first discovery

coconut and seedling import from Viet Nam

Location of first discovery

The provinces near Viet Nam border

Area affected [ha]

around 75% of Palm

Area treated [ha]

2 provinces near Viet Nam border

Raise and release the Ascecodes hispinarum

support by AusAID through FAO

Pest outbreak actions

Outbreak 1

Outbreak 2

Outbreak 3

Name of species

Year of outbreak

Area affected [ha]

Estimated damage $

Area treated by government [ha]

Expenditures by government [$]

More information

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

• Four staffs of PPPSO have been trained by SPS of AusAID project on basic of pest surveillance (entomology and plant pathology);
• Have ability to raise the Asecodes hispinarum as the parasite to coconut beetle (Brontispa longissima)

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

• No Plant Quarantine Check point at all entry-exit point of the border, It is a big risk to new invade species;
• Plant Quarantine infrastructure is still remain a big gap below the ISPM, that is the main constrain in compliance with the importing country requirement.

Policies (regarding pest management)

Yes

No

Do you have policies encouraging organic or low-pesticide use production

x

Is IPM specifically mentioned in laws or policy documents?

x

Do you have official Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) or any other relevant food safety (ecofood, etc.) standards for pest management?

Is pest management extension separate from general extension?

Other policies: (subsidies, production inputs, etc.)

Web source for further information: –

Organization of Plant Protection Functions

 Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

Policy development

Pest management research

Control recommendations

Pest management extension

MAFF/DAALI/PPPIO

MAFF/DAALI/National IPM Programme

Infrastructure

Year:

Number of technical officers for pest management

44

Number of central, regional, provincial or state offices

24

Number of district and village level field offices

Number of field/extension agents for pest management advice

Number of field/extension agents trained in IPM-FFS facilitation

~200+~300 farmers

Number of government biocontrol production/distribution facilities

0

Number of government biopesticide production/distribution facilities

0

Number of general extension staff involved in pest management

Number of designated plant protection technical officers for extension

Pest Management

Yes

No

Does the country have a National IPM Programme?
If yes, give Name and Address of IPM Programme:
National IPM Programme, #10, Monireth St., Tuol Svay Prey II,
Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Does the country have specific IPM extension programmes?
If yes, in which crops?: Rice, Vegetables

Does the country have specific IPM research programmes?
If yes, in which crops?:

Does the country have specific GAP extension programmes?
If yes, in which crops?:

Does the country have specific GAP research programmes?
If yes, in which crops?:

Market shares (estimated value, volume or area under control)

Year:

Size of chemical pest control market

Size of biopesticides market

Size of biological control agents market

Major pest control requiring crops
(requiring most pesticide applications)

1st

2nd

3rd

Affected crop

Name(s) of pest(s)

Estimated crop loss

Affected area

Number of pesticide applications or amount of pesticide used

Government action taken

Cooperation Projects

Years (start-end)

-2002

Agric. Productivity Dev. Proj.

2000-

2000-2005

Purpose/Target of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

Pest Management Extension

Year:

Number of farmers trained in IPM during the year

Number of IPM-FFS conducted during the year

Number of farmers trained in GAP standards during the year

Area under IPM/low pesticide management [ha]

Area under organic/pesticide-free management [ha]

Crops in which IPM or other ecology friendly programmes are successfully implemented:

Crops grown organic/pesticide-free:

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

Policies (regarding pesticide management)

Yes

No

Do you have national pesticide reduction targets?
If yes, what is the target: ____________

x

Have you ratified the Rotterdam (PIC) Convention?

x

Have you ratified the Stockholm (POP) Convention?

x

Have your ratified the Basel Convention? (hazardous wastes)

x

Have your ratified the Montreal Protocol? (MeBr phasing-out)

Have you reported the observance of the Code of Conduct to FAO according to Art. 12 of the Code?

Have you adopted Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)?

Pesticide Registration

Do you require pesticides to conform to relevant FAO or WHO specifications?

Do you allow the “me-too” registration and sale of generic pesticides?

Do you require data on product equivalence for generic registration?

Do you conduct country-specific risk assessments for…

x

x

x

Have you adopted the Global Harmonized System (GHS) for pesticides hazards evaluation and labelling?

x

Do you accept evaluation results from other countries?

Do you accept field studies conducted in other countries?

x

Do you require environmental fate studies?

x

Incentives/Disincentives

Do you have a special tax on pesticides to cover externality costs?

x

Do you subsidize or provide low-cost pesticides?

x

Do you subsidize or provide low-cost biopesticides?

x

Organization of Plant
Protection Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
(Ministry/Department/Unit)

MAFF/DAL + DAALI

Licensing of shops

Licensing of field applicators

Enforcement/inspections

Testing of pesticide efficacy

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO

Development of pesticide use recomm

endations MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO

Safe use training/extension

MAFF/DAALI/PPPIO and MAFF/DAE

Food residue monitoring

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO

Environmental monitoring

MAFF/DAALI/PPPSO

Health monitoring

Other Stakeholders:

Pesticide Industry Association

Civil Society Organizations (NGO, etc.)

Infrastructure

Year: 2006

Number of registration officers

25

Number of enforcement officers

Number of department quality control laboratories

1

Number of quality control laboratory personnel

Number of department residue analysis laboratories

1

Number of residue laboratory personnel

Pesticide Trade:

Tons

$ ’000 Value

Domestic Use/Sales

Pesticide Use Profile:

Tons (a.i./formulation to be specified)

$ ’000 Value

226

Chem. Insecticides

Chem. Fungicides

Chem. Herbicides

Chem. Others: e.g. molluscicide, acaricide

Other: e.g. Avamectrin, Bt, Neem

Testing, Quality Control and Effects in the Field

Yes

No

Do you have significant problems with low-quality pesticides in the market?

x

Do you have significant problems with pesticide resistance?
Note: Unknown

Do you have a list of pesticides under close observation for problems

Source for more information: –

Health and Environmental Information

Yes

No

Do you maintain data on pesticide poisoning cases?

x

Do you have a system to monitor pesticide residues in food?

x

Do you have a system to monitor pesticide residues in the environment?

x

Do you have significant problems of environmental contamination from pesticides?
Note: Unknown

Do you have data on pesticides effects on wildlife and ecosystems?
Note: Unknown

Source for more information: –

Pesticide Disposal

Yes

No

Do you have system to collect and safely dispose of used containers and small quantities of left-over pesticides?

x

Do you have an inventory of outdated and obsolete pesticides in the country?
(e.g. banned and no longer traded, but still in storage)

x

Do you have illegal trade in pesticides?
if yes: what is the estimated amount: ______________

x

Source for more information: –

Number of registered pesticide products

Number of registered biopesticides (Avamectrin, Bt, Neem, etc.)

Number of restricted-use pesticides/formulations

Number of banned pesticides

Number of licensed outlets

Number of licensed field applicators (professional and/or farmers)

Number of food samples analyzed for pesticide residues during year

Number of samples exceeding MRL

Pesticides Restricted in Recent Years

Name of active ingredient or hazardous formulation

Pesticides Banned in Recent Years

Name of active ingredient

Cooperation Projects

Years (start-end)

Purpose/Target of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

The existing system is not effective to manage the pesticide import and distribution in the country

Genetically Modified Crops

Name of GMO Crop

Area under Cultivation [ha]