Agricultural Population

Agricultural Land

GDP $45.2 billion

Agric. GDP: 21.8%

GNI per capita: $620

Undernourishment: 17%

Main crops grown:

Policies (regarding plant quarantine)

Yes

No

Does phytosanitary legislation cover domestic quarantine?

x

Does phytosanitary legislation cover import quarantine?

x

Does phytosanitary legislation cover export quarantine?

x

Does phytosanitary legislation cover living modified organisms?

Is plant quarantine a separate organization from animal quarantine?

x

Other policy initiatives (under review/progress)

Web source for further information:

Organization of Plant
Quarantine Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
 (Ministry/Department/Unit)

Pest Risk Analysis

National standards development

International notifications

Import:

Import inspections

Emergency action

Export:

Phytosanitary certificates

Treatment of commodities

Fumigation companies under PPD’s authorization.

Infrastructure

Year: 2005

Number of plant quarantine officers authorized to inspect/certify

413

Total qualified personnel for plant pest risk analysis

14

Quarantine offices

67

2

12

Quarantine service diagnosis laboratories

12

In-country recognized pest diagnostics capabilities
(incl. universities, etc.)

Number of laboratories for insect/mite (arthropod) samples

Number of laboratories for bacteria samples

Number of laboratories for virus samples

Number of laboratories for fungus samples

Number of laboratories for mycoplasma samples

Number of laboratories for nematode samples

Number of laboratories for plant/weed samples

Number of laboratories for other pests (snail, slug, rodents, etc.)

Pest-Free Areas
According to ISPM 10

Responsible Organizational Unit
 (Ministry/Department/Unit)

Overall management

– certification

List of target pest species and crops ISPM 4

Number of sites in [year]

List of target pest species and crops ISPM 10

Number of sites in [year]

International Trade

Year: 2005

Main Import Plant Commodities

Main countries/areas of origin

Quantity (tons)

French, Australia, Denmark, Belgium, England, Germany

158 614

USA, Australia, China, Russia, India

719 117

USA, China, Japan, India

55 000

Main Export Plant Commodities

Main destination countries

USA, Belgium, England, Germany, French, Italy, Poland, Japan, Korea, Spain

974 759

Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia Nigeria, Algeri, Congo...

4 059 738

India, Pakistan, EU...

111 913

Cooperation Projects

Title (Purpose/Target)

Years (start-end)

Phytosanitary Capacity Building Project for the Mekong Region

2002-2005

Improvement of Plant Quarantine treatment against Fruit Fly on fresh fruits

2005-2007

Intergrating effective phosphine fumigation practices into grain storage system in China, Viet Nam and Australia

2001-2004

Title of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

National Programme for surveying and detecting early quarantine pests

$10 000 per year

2005

National pests survey programme for plants products in Viet Nam

2005-2007

Institutional Functions

Year: 2005

Number of import permits issued

400

Number of import inspections carried out

1 259

Number of emergency phytosanitary treatments taken on imports

1 259

Number notifications of non-compliance

Number of conventional phytosanitary certificates issued

100 643

Number of electronic phytosanitary certificates issued

Number of quarantine pests intercepted

Year:

Top three commodities

Top three pest/commodity

# of interceptions

Lists of Regulated Pests

Year of last
update

Number of quarantine pests

Number of regulated non-quarantine pests

Number of regulated import articles

Web source for further information:

Pest Risk Analysis

Insects

Pathogens

Plants

No. of PRA completed and documented (according to ISPM)

5

Web source for further information: https://www.ppd.gov.vn

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

• There were several legal documents, phytosanitary standards/procedures reviewed and established in accordance with International Regulations.

• Maintaining cooperation with other countries in managing pests, training, exchanging information, supporting technical equipment, etc.

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

• Human resources shortage, including lack of leading and experienced experts in applying
  international phytosanitary standards, carrying out PRA, qualified staff for inspecting, testing and verify the equivalence of phytosanitary measures, etc.

• Database to serve phytosanitary operations is not adequate

• Legal document system is inadequate and inconsistent

• Infrastructure and equipment is still poor.

Implementation of ISPM

Relevance

Implementation

Planned/Actual
Year of full implementation

International Measures

ISPM 01 

ISPM 02 

ISPM 03 

ISPM 04 

ISPM 05 

ISPM 06 

ISPM 07 

ISPM 08 

ISPM 09 

ISPM 10 

ISPM 11 

ISPM 12 

ISPM 13 

ISPM 14 

ISPM 15 

ISPM 16 

ISPM 17 

ISPM 18 

ISPM 19 

ISPM 20 

ISPM 21 

ISPM 22 

ISPM 23 

ISPM 24 

ISPM 25 

ISPM 26 

ISPM 27 

Comments/Constraints

Up to now, there are 27 ISPMs were published by IPPC and several specifications are also developed accordingly. These are key documents for member countries implements their standard harmonization. The implementation of ISPM in many countries are facing difficulties. Particularly, developing countries like Viet Nam. In general, requirements and regulation of ISPMs is normally higher than national standards. After comparative assessment between ISPMs and phytosanitary legal documents the main gaps indicated that the awareness of stake holders in respect to ISPMs is limited and there is not yet legal framework for some ISPMs so that the implementation of ISPMs could not apply at present condition of Viet Nam. Furthermore, human resources, technical capacity and technical information are big gaps in question, particularly exiting capacity of PPD do not meet yet adequately requirements of these standards such as ISPM No. 4, 10, 11 and others.

Policies (regarding invasive/migratory species management)

Yes 

No

National strategy to control serious field pest outbreaks?

National strategy to control migratory or periodically occurring pests?

National strategy to eradicate serious newly invaded exotic pests?

Other policies: (e.g. subsidies, etc.)

Web source for further information: https://www.ppd.gov.vn

Organization of Outbreak Management Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
 (Ministry/Department/Unit)

Field/Storage Pest Outbreaks

(e.g. BPH, bollworm, etc.)

Response strategy/plans

Migratory Pest Outbreaks

(e.g. locusts, birds, armyworm)

Response strategy/plans

New Exotic Pest Eradication

(e.g. coconut beetle)

Response strategy/plans

MARD/PPD/Plant Protection Sub-Departments

Control/eradication

MARD/PPD/Plant Protection Sub-Departments

Reporting to bilateral or international organizations

Infrastructure

Year: 2005

Number of designated staff for surveillance of field pests of national importance

1 200

Number of designated staff for surveillance of migratory and periodically occurring pests

800

Number of designated staff for surveillance of invasive species

100

Number of designated staff for control of field pests of national importance

2 000

Number of designated staff for control of migratory and periodically occurring pests

2 500

Number of designated staff for eradication of invasive species

100

New exotic species found established in country

Insects

Pathogens

Weeds

Total number for year: [most recent]

Total number for year: 2004-2005

3

Total number on record

Eradication or internal quarantine actions taken against economically important species

Name of species

Mexican Bean Weevil Zabrotes subfasciatus

Year of first discovery

Commercial Bean

Location of first discovery

Area affected [ha]

Area treated [ha]

Control method

Pest outbreak actions

Outbreak 1

Outbreak 2

Outbreak 3

Name of species

Brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens

Year of outbreak

Area affected [ha]

Estimated damage $

Area treated by government [ha]

Expenditures by government [$]

Control method

More information

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

• Applying Geographical Information System (GIS) for pests surveillance and warning.
• There are several farmers and officers trained by IPM Programme.

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

• Fund for surveillance is limited
• Knowledge of farmers is need to improve
• Lack of technical equipments

Policies (regarding pest management)

Yes

No

Do you have policies encouraging organic or low-pesticide use production

x

Is IPM specifically mentioned in laws or policy documents?

x

Do you have official Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) or any other relevant food safety (ecofood, etc.) standards for pest management?

x

Is pest management extension separate from general extension?

x

Other policies: (subsidies, production inputs, etc.)

Web source for further information: https://www.ppd.gov.vn

Organization of Plant Protection Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
 (Ministry/Department/Unit)

Policy development

Pest management research

MARD/PPD + National Institute of Plant Protection (NIPP), Viet Nam Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Southern Fruit Research Institute (SOFRI)

Control recommendations

MARD/PPD + Institutes, Academy

Pest management extension

Infrastructure

Year: 2006

Number of technical officers for pest management

500

Number of central, regional, provincial or state offices

4 regions + 64 provinces

Number of district and village level field offices

1 000

Number of field/extension agents for pest management advice

64

Number of field/extension agents trained in IPM-FFS facilitation

90

Number of government biocontrol production/distribution facilities

2

Number of government biopesticide production/distribution facilities

2

Number of general extension staff involved in pest management

128

Number of designated plant protection technical officers for extension

128

Pest Management

Yes

No

Does the country have a National IPM Programme? If yes, give Name and Address of IPM Programme: Natl. IPM Coordinator, PPD, Tel: 84 4 533 0778; Fax: E-mail: [email protected]

x

Does the country have specific IPM extension programmes?
If yes, in which crops?: Rice, cotton, vegetable, green tea, citrus, maize, sweet potato

x

Does the country have specific IPM research programmes?
If yes, in which crops?: Rice, cotton, vegetable

x

Does the country have specific GAP extension programmes?
If yes, in which crops?: Dragon fruit

x

Does the country have specific GAP research programmes?
If yes, in which crops?: vegetable

x

Market shares (estimated value, volume or area under control)

Year:

Size of chemical pest control market

Size of biopesticides market

Size of biological control agents market

Major pest control requiring crops (requiring most pesticide applications)

1^st

2^nd

3^rd

Affected crop

Rice

Name(s) of pest(s)

Brown
planthopper
Nilaparvata lugens

Estimated crop loss

Affected area

Number of pesticide applications or amount of pesticide used

Government action taken

Yes

Cooperation Projects

Years (start-end)

IPM on rice IPM on Vegetable IPM on cotton IPM on tea

Denmark FAO FAO/EU CIDSE (Norway)

2000-2006
1996-2007
1996-2004
1996 to now

Purpose/Target of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

Pest Management Extension

Year: 2005

Number of farmers trained in IPM during the year

94 700

Number of IPM-FFS conducted during the year

176 (vegetable)
  40 (cotton)

Number of farmers trained in GAP standards during the year

Area under IPM/low pesticide management [ha]

>29 provinces (DANIDA)

Area under organic/pesticide-free management [ha]

Crops in which IPM or other ecology friendly programmes are successfully implemented:
Rice, cotton, vegetable

Crops grown organic/pesticide-free:

Policies (regarding pesticide management)

Yes

No

Do you have national pesticide reduction targets?
If yes, what is the target: ____________

x

Have you ratified the Rotterdam (PIC) Convention?

x

Have you ratified the Stockholm (POP) Convention?

Have your ratified the Basel Convention? (hazardous wastes)

Have your ratified the Montreal Protocol? (MeBr phasing-out)

Have you reported the observance of the Code of Conduct to FAO according to
Art. 12 of the Code?

x

Have you adopted Good Laboratory Practices (GLP)?

Pesticide Registration

Do you require pesticides to conform to relevant FAO or WHO specifications?

Do you allow the “me-too” registration and sale of generic pesticides?

Do you require data on product equivalence for generic registration?

Do you conduct country-specific risk assessments for…

occupational risks?

x

consumer risks?

x

environmental risks?

x

Have you adopted the Global Harmonized System (GHS) for pesticides hazards evaluation and labelling?

Do you accept evaluation results from other countries?

x

Do you accept field studies conducted in other countries?

x

Do you require environmental fate studies?

Incentives/Disincentives

Do you have a special tax on pesticides to cover externality costs?

x

Do you subsidize or provide low-cost pesticides?

x

Do you subsidize or provide low-cost biopesticides?

Organization of Plant
Protection Functions

Responsible Organizational Unit
 (Ministry/Department/Unit)

Licensing of shops

MARD/State PPD

Licensing of field applicators

Enforcement/inspections

MARD/PPD/Inspection Division

Testing of pesticide efficacy

MARD/PPD/Pesticides Div/Pesticides Control Center North

Development of pesticide use recommendations

Safe use training/extension

Food residue monitoring

Environmental monitoring

Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment

Health monitoring

Ministry of Health

Other Stakeholders:

Pesticide Industry Association

Civil Society Organizations
(NGO, etc.)

Vietnam Plant Protection Association (VPPA)

Infrastructure

Year: 2005

Number of registration officers

6

Number of enforcement officers

2

Number of department quality control laboratories

2

Number of quality control laboratory personnel

24

Number of department residue analysis laboratories

2

Number of residue laboratory personnel

24

Pesticide Trade:

Tons

$ ’000 Value

Domestic Use/Sales

Pesticide Use Profile: 2005

Tons
(a.i./formulation to be specified)

$ ’000 Value

Chem. Insecticides

Chem. Fungicides

Chem. Herbicides

Other purposes

Testing, Quality Control and Effects in the Field

Yes

No

Do you have significant problems with low-quality pesticides in the market?

x

Do you have significant problems with pesticide resistance?

x

Do you have a list of pesticides under close observation for problems

x

Source for more information: –

Health and Environmental Information

Yes

No

Do you maintain data on pesticide poisoning cases?

x

Do you have a system to monitor pesticide residues in food?

x

Do you have a system to monitor pesticide residues in the environment?

x

Do you have significant problems of environmental contamination from pesticides?

x

Do you have data on pesticides effects on wildlife and ecosystems?

x

Source for more information: –

Pesticide Disposal

Yes

No

Do you have system to collect and safely dispose of used containers and small quantities of left-over pesticides?

x

Do you have an inventory of outdated and obsolete pesticides in the country?
(e.g. banned and no longer traded, but still in storage)

x

Do you have illegal trade in pesticides?
if yes: what is the estimated amount: _______________

x

Source for more information: –

Registration/Regulation/Monitoring

Year:  

a.i.*

Trade Name

Number of registered pesticide products

590

1 743

Number of registered biopesticides (Avamectrin, Bt, Neem, etc.)

60

Number of restricted-use pesticides/formulations

17

29

Number of banned pesticides

29

Number of licensed outlets

updating

Number of licensed field applicators (professional and/or farmers)

updating

Number of licensing violations reported during year

>2 000

Number of quality control analyses conducted during year

2 000

Number of food samples analyzed for pesticide residues during year

updating

Number of samples exceeding MRL

updating

Number of environmental samples analyzed for pesticide residues

updating

Pesticides Restricted in Recent Years

Year

Name of active ingredient or hazardous formulation

Pesticides Banned in Recent Years

Year

Name of active ingredient

2005-2006

Cooperation Projects

Years (start-end)

Purpose/Target of government follow-up programmes

Years (start-end)

Main Progress in Recent Years (legislation, policies, infrastructure, investments, training, etc.)

• Legal document of pesticide management is more and more comprehensive

• Number of biopesticides increased
• New equipments

Main Constraints (personnel, infrastructure, administrative, operational, training, etc.)

• Lack of equipments for pesticide residue and quality analysis

• Lack of human resource for this area
• Pesticide resistance
• Pesticide residue level on agricultural products is big issue