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Chapter X. Species for arid zone forestry


1. Introduction
2. List of tree and shrub species


1. Introduction

Ideally, forest plantations established in the arid zones should provide an array of products and services. While the tree and shrub species and techniques chosen must ensure soil and water conservation and provide shade and shelter, they also should yield the immediate requirements for fuel, fodder, and generally, multiple uses, whenever possible.

2. List of tree and shrub species

Important and commonly-used tree and shrub species for arid zone forestry are listed below. It should be noted, however, that a listing of this kind is never complete; there are always local trees or shrubs that, while not included in a particular listing, can meet the objectives of a planting programme. Nevertheless, the list presented in this manual can provide a "starting-point" in selecting a tree or shrub species to achieve a specific purpose.

In evaluating the value of the trees and shrubs listed in terms of fuel and fodder, ratings of "high", "good", or "moderate" value have been assigned to the species. These ratings are totally subjective and, therefore, must be so interpreted.

Species

Fuel

Fodder

Additional Uses and Remarks

Acacia aneura

XX

XXX

posts and poles

Acacia brachystachya

XX

X

small wood items, wood durable

Acacia cambagei

XXX


posts, termite-resistant

Acacia cyanophylla

XX

X

sand dune stabilization, windbreaks and shelterbelts

Acacia cyclops

XX

X

sand dune stabilization

Acacia farnesiana

XX

XX

posts, tannin from bark, hedges

Acacia mellifera

XX

XX

roundwood, hedges

Acacia nilotica

XX

XXX

building material, tannin from bark and pods, gum, wood durable

Acacia senegal

XXX

XXX

soil improvement, agroforestry, gum arable, roundwood

Acacia seyal

XX

XXX

roundwood, gum, wood hard

Acacia tortilis

XXX

XXX

posts, sand dune stabilization

Acacia victoriae

X

XX


Albizia lebbek

XX

XX

lumber, furniture, soil improvement, leaves for manure

Anogeissus leiocarpus

XX

XX

roundwood, tannin from leaves and bark

Anogeissus latifolia

XXX

XX

roundwood, gum, tannin, silkworms

Argania sideroxylon

XX

XX

construction material, oil from seed

Atriplex canescens

X

XX

windbreaks and shelterbelts

Atriplex nummulria

X

XXX

windbreaks and shelterbelts, sand dune stabilization

Atriplex glauca


XX


Atriplex halimus

X

XXX

windbreaks and shelterbelts

Atriplex semibaccata


XX


Atriplex vesicaria


XX


Atriplex indica

XX

X

poles, furniture, tannin, oil, windbreaks and shelterbelts, shade

Azadirachta indica

XX

X

poles, furniture, tannin, oil, windbreaks and shelterbelts, shade

Balanites aegyptiaca

XX

X

edible fruits, oil

Bolswellia papyrifera

XX


Frankincense gum

Boswellia serrate

X


Frankincense gum

Brachychiton populneum


XX

windbreaks and shelterbelts

Brosium alicastrum

X

XXX

construction material

Callitris glauca

XX


posts, poles, housebuilding, windbreaks and shelterbelts, resistant wood

Cassia auriculata

X

X

tannin, tea, hedge plant

Cassia siamea

XX

X

roadside plantations, lumber

Cassia sturtii

X

XX


Casuarina equisetifolia

XXX


posts, poles, tannin, sand dune stabilization, windbreaks and shelterbelts

Casuarina cunninghamiana

XXX

X

windbreaks and shelterbelts, shade

Ceratonia siliqua

X

XXX

honey, soil conservation

Colophospermum mopane

XXX

XX

roundwood, carvings

Conocarpus lancifolius

XXX

XX

poles, shipbuilding, shade

Cordeauxia edulis


XX

seeds for food

Cupressus arizonica

X


windbreaks and shelterbelts

Cupressus sempervirens

X


carpentry, furniture, windbreaks and shelterbelts

Dalbergia sissoo

XXX


furniture, building material, posts

Desmoodium spp.


XX


Dichrostachus cinerea

X

XX

posts, sand dune stabilization

Eucalyptus camaldulensis

XXX


lumber, honey, windbreaks and shelterbelts

Eucalyptus gomphocephala

XXX


construction material, windbreaks and shelterbelts, soil protection, roadside plantations

Eucalyptus salmonophloia

XX


wood durable, roundwood, windbreaks and shelterbelts, roadside plantations

Euphorbia tirucalli

X


hedges, windbreaks and shelterbelts, latex

Faiderbia albida

X

XXX

tanning from wood, soil improvement

Gleditsia triacanthos

X

XXX

wood durable, roundwood, windbreaks and shelterbelts

Haloxylon aphyllum

XX

XX

windbreaks and shelterbelts

Haloxylon persicum

XXX

XX

sand dune stabilization

Juniperus osteosperma

XXX


posts, berries for wildlife food, windbreaks and shelterbelts

Juniperus monosperma

XXX


posts, berries for wildlife food, windbreaks and shelterbelts

Juniperus depeeana

XXX


posts, berries for wildlife food

Juniperus scopulorum

XXX


posts, berries for wildlife food, windbreaks and shelterbelts

Leucaena leucocephala

XXX

XXX

roundwood, soil improvement

Parkinsonia aculeata

XX

XX

soil fixation, erosion control

Pinus halepensis

XX


construction material, resin, soil conservation

Pithecellobium dulce

X

XX

posts, edible fruits, tannin, shade, hedges

Prosopis chilensis

XXX

XXX

posts, soil conservation, sand dune stabilization, wood durable

Prosopis spicigera

XXX

XXX

soil improvement, agroforestry

Prosopis tamarugo

XX

XX

furniture

Quercus arizonica

XXX



Quercus emoryii

XXX



Quercus gambelli

XXX


posts

Quercus hypoleucoides

XXX



Robinia pseudoacacia

XX

X

posts, soil improvement

Salvadora persica

XX

XX

edible fruit, seeds give fat, roadside plantations

Schinus moue

X


windbreaks and shelterbelts, shade planting

Simmondsia chinensis


X

Jojoba oil from seeds

Tamarix aphylla

XX


turnery, carpentry, sand dune stabilization, windbreaks and shelterbelts

Tamarindus indica

XX

XX

roundwood, construction material, furniture, edible fruits, drinks

Tetraclinis articulate

XX


furniture, lumber, timber, resin, erosion control

Zizyphus jujube

XXX

XX

agricultural implements, edible fruits, drinks, fences, shellac

Zizyphus spina-christi

XX

XX

posts, hedges, erosion control

XXX = High Value
XX = Good Value
X = Moderate Value


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