DURING CONSULTANCY MISSION FOR SHILAT
SHRIMP CULTURE DEVELOPMENT, UNDER IRA/89/041
May | 4 | Departure from Manila for Rome |
5 – 7 | FAO HQ, briefing by POO | |
May | 8 | Arrival in Tehran. |
Briefing on general matters by Shilat International Affairs Division staff. | ||
Briefing on work program, expected activities and output by the Director of Shilat Aquaculture Department. | ||
9 | Meeting with UNDP Resident Representative. | |
10 | Technical conference with Shilat Shrimp Culture Project leader and staff and briefing on specific mission for trip to Kuhzistan. | |
11 | Departure for Ahwaz. | |
12 – 17 | In Khuzistan. Visited site of test culture of black tiger shrimp at Ghofaz along Bahmanshir River, site for 20 ha Shilat demonstration farm and area allocated for private investors in Cho-ebdi; Shilat fishing port compound at Mahshar near Bandar Imam Khomeini; Shaheed Malakii carp farm, Hendijan, Zohre River area and Bahrikon Sar. Technical meetings with engineers and technical staff implementing shrimp culture development in Khuzestan province. Provided recommendations for carrying out shrimp breeding trials in Mahshar using existing test facilities during the current spring/summer season. | |
May | 17 | Departure from Ahwaz to Tehran. |
Meeting with Shilat Aquaculture Division Chief and staff to debrief them on results of Khuzestan visit and to receive instructions on specific tasks for Hormuzgan province. | ||
Departure from Tehran for Bandar Abbas. | ||
18 – 23 | In Hormuzgan. Visited Kollahi station. Obtained data on current hatchery operation with particular attention to the larviculture of banana shrimps. Collected information on the results of 1992 growout operations. Visited Teiab and observed construction in progress of initial culture ponds of a private company. Visited Jask and inspected abandoned cold storage building for possibility of converting to shrimp hatchery and examined general quality of seawater from seawater wells and from open sea. Visited Shilat Bandar Abbas compound and examined unused warehouse for possibility of converting to shrimp hatchery, and general conditions of the foreshore area. | |
23 | Leave Bandar Abbas for Tehran. | |
24 – 31 | In Tehran. Worked on schemes and conceptual plans for converting Shilat warehouse in Mahshar into a hatchery to produce 100 million shrimp postlarvae per year. Series of technical meetings with Shilat technical staff and engineers from to discuss preliminary plans for said hatchery. Meeting with Jihad Consulting Engineers on approach in surveying Buhsher sites. Debriefing on results of Hormuzgan trip and briefing on Bushehr trip. Visited Shilat Fisheries Trade Exhibit. Meeting with FAO Representative. | |
31 | Leave Tehran for Buhsher. | |
June | 1 – 9 | In Buhsher. Visited Shilat ponds under construction near Helle River. Examined river and tidal inlets with potential as water supply source. Inspected 9 other sites for shrimp culture potentials, namely: Assaluyeh, Dayer, Bard Khon-e-Now, Mond River, Delvar, Shore River, Ganaveh, Khowr-e-Boverat and Shif. Prepared conceptual layout for proposed 1,000 ha shrimp farm along Helle River area. Technical meetings with Shilat technical staff and Jihad consulting engineers on proposed layout. |
9 | Left Bushehr for overland trip to Tehran. | |
10 – 11 | Rest stop in Isfahan. | |
12 – 15 | In Tehran. Debriefing on Buhsher. Continued work on Helle River Shrimp farm layout. Technical meeting with Shilat hatchery design team on the detailed engineering designs of Bandar Imam Khomenei hatchery they have prepared based on indicative designs given to them. Technical meeting with Jihad consulting engineers on conceptual plans they have prepared for various sites in Bushehr province. Final meeting with Shilat Aquaculture Division Chief together with UNDP Programme Officer. | |
16 | Leave Tehran for Manila. | |
June 17 – July 3 | Preparation of final report in Manila. |
FAO HQ, Rome | Mr. A. Isarankura, Sr. Project Operations Officer Mr. R. Seneviratne, Project Operations Officer |
F A O, Tehran | Mr. A. Collett, FAO Representative Mr. P. Nunkoo, Programme Officer Mr. Chen Foo Yan, CTA, UTF/IRA/020/IRA |
U N D P / R R Tehran | Mr. M. v.d. Schulenberg, UNDP Res. Representative Mr. H. R. Ghaffarzadeh, Programme Officer |
Shilat, Tehran | Mr. M. Yassaie, Chief, Shilat Aquaculture Division Mr. M. Reza Ali, Shrimp Culture Project Leader Mr. M. Shakoori, Staff, Aquaculture Division Mr. A. Noorbakhsh, Head, Engineering Unit Mr. M. Salami, Irrigation Engineer Mr. A. R. Heydarpanah, Staff, Engineering Unit Mr. S. Mehri, Staff, Engineering Unit Mr. A. Dashtiane, Staff, Engineering Unit |
Shilat, Khuzistan | Mr. Rezaie, Head, Shilat Khuzistan Aquaculture Div. Mr. Kahlabe, Head, Shrimp Culture Project Mr. M. Ansari, Mgr, Shilat Fishing Port, Mahshar Mr. Karevani, Culturist, Test Hatchery, Mahshar |
Shilat, Hormuzgan | Mr. Mahdavi, Interim DG, Shilat Hormuzgan Mr. Mazandani, Head Shilat Hormuzgan Aqua. Div. Mr. Dandoni, Head, Kollahi Shrimp Culture Station Mr. M. Gharibnia, Pond Manager, Kollahi Station |
Shilat, Buhsher | Mr. M. Mossan, Director General, Shilat Buhsher Mr. Bahmanyari, Head, Shilat Buhsher Aqua. Div. Mr. O. Bahri, Biologist/Culturist, Aqua. Div. |
Jihad Consulting Engineers | Mr. Panahandeh, Civil Engineer Mr. N. R. Oskuie, Geologist Mr. M. Saidi, Civil Engineer |
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN
1. | Production Capacity (million PL-20/yr): | 100 |
2. | No. of Runs per Year: | 6 |
3. | Nursery Operation: | |
Expected PL-20 production/run (million) | 16.7 | |
Survival from PL-5 to PL-20 (%) | 70.0 | |
Total PL-5 requirement/run (million) | 23.8 | |
Stocking Density (1,000 PL-5/m3) | 25 | |
Total Volume of Tank Required (m3) | 952.4 | |
Tank Size (m3) | 12.0 | |
No. of Tanks Required | 80 | |
Depth of water (m) | 1.0 – 1.15 | |
Average Water Exchange Rate per day (%) | 30.0 | |
4. | Larval Rearing Operation: | |
Expected PL-5 production/run (million) | 23.8 | |
Survival from Nauplii to PL-5 (%) | 35.0 | |
Total Nauplii requirement/run (million) | 68.0 | |
Stocking Density (1,000 Nauplii/m3) | 70 | |
Total Volume of Tank Required (m3) | 971.8 | |
Tank Sizes (m3) | 24.0 | |
No. of Tanks Required | 40 | |
Depth of water (m) | 1.0 – 1.10 | |
Water Exchange Rate per day (%) | 30.0 | |
6. | Algal Culture Operation | |
Total Volume of Larval Rearing Tank (m3) | 960 | |
Algal Density (1,000 cells/ml) | 800 | |
Feeding Level at LRT (1,000 cells/ml) | 100 | |
Ratio of Algal Culture to LRT (%) | 12.0 | |
Volume of algal culture required (m3) | 115.2 | |
Tank Sizes (m3) | 7.5 | |
No. of Tanks Required | 16 | |
Actual Ratio of Algal Tank to LRT) | 12.5% |
7. Broodstock Operation: | ||
P.m. | P.s. | |
Total N required/run (million) | 68 | 68 |
Percent of N from broodstock (%) | 100 | 70 |
Target No. N from broodstock (million) | 68 | 47.6 |
Expected No. N/succesful spawner (1,000) | 150 | 80 |
Total spawner requirement | 454 | 595 |
Percentage successful maturation (%) | 80 | 80 |
No. of female shrimp required | 567 | 744 |
Ratio of female to male | 3:1 | 3:1 |
No. of males required | 189 | 248 |
Total adult shrimp requirement | 756 | 992 |
Stocking Density/12 m tank | 68 | 96 |
No. of Tanks Required | 11 | 10 |
Additional Tanks for Holding | 3 | 4 |
Total No. of Tanks | 14 | 14 |
Depth of water (m) | 0.8–0.9 | 0.8–0.9 |
Water Exchange Rate per day (%) | 100 | 100 |
ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN
1. | Total floor Area of warehouse including side extension (m2) | 4,202.4 | |
2. | Nursery Operation: | ||
Ratio of nursery area to total floor area | 30% to 35% | ||
Estimated area for nursery tanks (m2) | 1,360 | ||
Tank area (@3m × 8 m) (m2) | 24 | ||
Estimated open space needed per tank (m2) | 10 | ||
Total floor space required per tank (m2) | 34 | ||
Total No. of tanks possible | 40 | ||
Volume per tank (m3) | 24.0 | ||
Total volume of tanks (m3) | 960 | ||
Stocking density (1,000 PL-5/cu.m.) | 25 | ||
Total No. PL-5 stocked (million) | 24 | ||
Survival from PL-5 to PL-20 (%) | 70.0 | ||
Expected production per run (million PL-20) | 16.8 | ||
No. of runs per year | 6 | ||
Expected production per year (million PL-20) | 100.8 | ||
2. | Larval Rearing Operation: | ||
No. PL-5 required per run (million) | 24.0 | ||
Survival from Nauplii to PL-5 | 35.0% | ||
Total Nauplii required/run (million) | 68.6 | ||
Projected Stocking Density (1,000 N/m3) | 70 to 80 | ||
Total Tank Volume Required (m3) | 858 to 980 | ||
Larval Tank size (m3) | 12.0 | ||
Estimated No. of tanks required | 72 to 82 | ||
Total No. of tanks (Rounded No.) | 80 | ||
Estimated floor area required per tank (m2) | 16.8 | ||
Minimum area needed for Larval Rearing (m2) | 1,344 | ||
3. | Algal Culture: | ||
Ratio of algal culture to LRT (%) | 12.0 | ||
Total Volume of Larval Rearing Tanks (m3) | 960 | ||
Volume required for algal culture | 115.2 | ||
Tank Sizes (m3) | 7.5 | ||
No. of tanks required (rounded) | 16 | ||
Total area occupied by tanks (m2) | 120.0 | ||
Add 50% open space (m2) | 60 | ||
Minimum area required (m2) | 180 | ||
4. | Broodstock Operation: | ||
Total N requirement/run (million) | 68.6 | ||
Nauplii production/spawner (1,000 N) | 150 | ||
Total spawner requirement/run | 457 | ||
Maturation success rate (%) | 80 | ||
No. of female breeders required | 571 | ||
Ratio of female to male | 3:1 | ||
No. of males required | 190 | ||
Total adult shrimp requirement | 762 | ||
Stocking density/12 m2 tank | 68 | ||
No. of tanks required | 11 | ||
Add Tanks for holding | 3 | ||
Total no. of tanks | 14 | ||
Total area occupied by tanks (m2) | 168 | ||
Add 50% open space (m2) | 84 | ||
Minimum area required (m2) | 252 |
1. | Total floor area of cold storage building(sq.m.) | 1,960 | |
2. | Nursery Operation | ||
Ratio of nursery area to total floor area | 30% to 35% | ||
Estimated area for nursery tanks (m2) | 672 | ||
Tank area (3m × 8 m) (m2) | 24 | ||
Open space required (%) | 40 | ||
Area required per tank (m2) | 33.6 | ||
Approximate no. of tanks | 20 | ||
Total No. of tanks based on layout | 17 | ||
Tank Sizes (m3): a. 3 units @ 32 | |||
b. 2 units @ 24 | |||
c. 12 units @ 21 | |||
Total Volume of Tanks | 396 | ||
Stocking density (1,000 PL-5/m3) | 25 | ||
Total PL-5 stocked (million PL-5) | 9.9 | ||
Survival from PL-5 to PL-20 (%) | 70 | ||
Total production PL-20/run (million) | 6.93 | ||
No. of runs per year | 6 | ||
Total production PL20/year (million) | 41.58 | ||
3. | Larval Rearing Operation | ||
Total PL-5 required per run (million) | 9.9 | ||
Survival from N to PL-5 | 35.0 | ||
Total Nauplii requirement/run (million) | 28.3 | ||
Stocking Density (1,000 N/m3) | 70 to 80 | ||
Tank size (m3) | 12.0 | ||
Total no. of tanks required | 32.0 | ||
Total Volume of Tank (m3) | 384 | ||
Open space required (%) | 40 | ||
Space required per tank (m2) | 16.8 | ||
Minimum area required for LRT (m2) | 538 | ||
4. | Algal Culture Operation | ||
Ratio of algal culture to LRT (%) | 12 | ||
Total Volume of Larval Rearing Tanks | 384 | ||
Volume of algal culture required (m3) | 46 | ||
Tank Sizes (m3) | 5 | ||
No. of tanks required | 10 | ||
Total area occupied by tanks (m2) | 50 | ||
Add 50% open space (m2) | 25 | ||
Minimum area required (m2) | 75 | ||
4. | Broodstock Operation: | ||
Total Nauplii requirement/run (million N) | 28.3 | ||
Nauplii requirement from broodstock (%) | 50.0 | ||
Total N from broodstock/run (million) | 14.1 | ||
Nauplii production/spawner (1,000 N) | 80 | ||
Spawner requirement | 177 | ||
Maturation success rate (%) | 80.0 | ||
No. of breeders required | 221 | ||
Ratio of female to male | 3:1 | ||
No. of males required | 74 | ||
Total adult shrimp requirement | 295 | ||
Stocking Density/12 m2 tank | 96 | ||
No. of Tanks Required | 3 | ||
Add Tanks for Holding | 1 | ||
Total No. of Tanks | 4 | ||
Total area occupied by tanks (m2) | 76 | ||
Add 50% open space (m2) | 38 | ||
Minimum area required (m2) | 114 |
Culture Species: Various penaeid species
Nauplii stocking density in larval rearing tanks - 70 to 80 pcs/liter
PL-5 stocking density in nursery tanks - 20 to 25 pcs/liter
Survival rate from nauplii to PL-5 - 30% to 40%
Survival rate from PL-5 to PL-20 - 60% to 80%
Nauplii production per succesful spawner:
Penaeus monodon | - | 150,000 to 200,000 pcs |
Penaeus semisulcatus | - | 80,000 to 100,000 pcs |
Percentage of successful maturation - 80%
Ratio of female to male broodstock - 3:1
Stocking density per 12 cu.m. tank
Penaeus monodon | - | 68 pcs |
Penaeus semisulcatus | - | 96 pcs |
Ratio of algal tanks to larval rearing tanks - 12% to 15%
Rate of water exchange per day:
Larval Rearing Tanks | - | 30% | |
Nursery Tanks | - | 30% | |
Broodstock Tanks | - | 100% | |
Algal Tanks | - | 50% |
Depth of culture water - 1 to 1.2 meters
Provide aeration outlets for the following areas:
Larval Rearing Tanks
Nursery Tanks
Broodstock Tanks
Algal Tanks
Chlorination Tanks
Spawning Area
Algal Room
Service area for Artemia Hatching
Interior of all tanks shall be smooth finished.
Interior of all tanks shall be painted with epoxy type paint which will serve as water proofing and shall have the following schedule of colors:
Larval Rearing Tanks | - White | |
Nursery Tanks | - White | |
Algal Tanks | - White | |
Broodstock Tanks | - Black/Dark |
Use of bare metal shall be avoided for items exposed to atmosphere and those directly in contact with saltwater.
PVC piping materials shall be used for fresh, salt and aeration lines.
PVC control valves shall be used for fresh, salt and aeration lines.
Adequate slope on the flooring of the building particularlly those in between tanks shall be provided to avoid stagnant water.
Open canal where the main pipes are located shall be provided with drainage outlets.
Adequate slope on the drainage and harvesting canals shall be provided to completely drain the waste water.
Maintain a temperature of 22° to 25° C inside the algal culture area.
Maintain a room temperature of 30° to 32° C inside the broodstock/ spawning area during operation.
Maintain a water temperature of 30° to 32° C in larval rearing tanks.
Enclose chlorination/treatment tanks.
Provide direct freshwater supply to the following tanks/outlets:
All culture tanks shall have rounded corners including those between the walls and the floor.
Algal culture area shall be painted white to maximize lighting.
D e s c r i p t i o n | No. of Units | |
A. | Pumps: | |
1. | Saltwater Intake Pumps | 2 |
Type: Self Priming/Centrifugal | ||
Capacity: 80 to 125 liters/sec | ||
2. | Sedimentation to Rapid Sand Filter | 2 |
Type: Centrifugal | ||
Capacity: 30 liters/sec | ||
3. | Backwash Pump | 1 |
Type: Centrifugal | ||
Capacity: 30 liters/sec | ||
4. | Chlorination Tank to Header Tank Pump | 2 |
Type: Centrifugal | ||
Capacity: 10 to 14 liters/sec | ||
5. | Filtered Water Reservoir to Header Tank | 2 |
Type: Centrifugal | ||
Capacity: 20 to 25 liters/sec | ||
6. | Transfer Pumps | 3 |
Type: Submersible | ||
Capacity: 1.5 – 4 liters/sec | ||
B. | Aeration Equipment: | |
1. | Roots Blower | 8 |
Type: BS 50 2 B | ||
2. | HI-Blow Portable Air Pumps | 10 |
Type: SPP-120GL-H |
Note: All pumps should be saltwater resistant with plastic, fiberglass or stainless steel impellers.
D e s c r i p t i o n | No. of Units | |
A. | Pumps: | |
1. | Saltwater Intake Pumps | 2 |
Type: Self Priming/Centrifugal | ||
Capacity: 12 to 16 liters/sec | ||
2. | Chlorination Tank to Header Tank Pump | 2 |
Type: Centrifugal | ||
Capacity: 4 to 6 liters/sec | ||
3. | Transfer Pumps | 3 |
Type: Submersible | ||
Capacity: 1.5 – 4 liters/sec | ||
B. | Aeration Equipment: | |
1. | Roots Blower | 6 |
Type: BS 50 2 B | ||
2. | HI-Blow Portable Air Pumps | 15 |
Type: SPP-80GL-H |
Note: All pumps should be saltwater resistant with plastic, fiberglass or stainless steel impellers.
Culture Species - P. semisulcatus/P. monodon
Type of Culture - Semi-intensive
Stocking Density - 75,000 to 120,000 PL-20/ha
Average Rate of Water Exchange - 10% per day
Percentage and Salinity of Saltwater - 70% at 42.0 ppt
Percentage and Salinity of Freshwater - 30% at 0.0 ppt
Minimum Depth of culture water - 1.5 m
Size of Pond Inlets - must be able to change 50% of total pond water in 8 hours time or divert all water in the supply canal to one pond whichever governs.
Size of Drainage Gate - must be able to drain 80% of the total pond water in 8 to 10 hours time and the remaining 20% in 3 to 4 hours.
Drainage Canals - must be able to drain the 10% exchange rate and must be sufficient to totally drain 20% of the area served during harvest.
Pond Bottom Slope - 0.003 to 0.001
Freshwater Mixing - to be done in a stilling canal before distribution to individual ponds.
Slope of earthen dikes - 1 vertical to 2 – 3 horizontal
Dike Freeboard - minimum 0.50 m
Size of Crown - Partition - 2 to 3 m
Roadway dike - min. 4.0 meters
Relation between tide characteristic in the area should be well established with regards to the final elevation of dikes, canals and pond bottom.
A thorough investigation of the soil characteristic in area should be made before any development is introduced. Preferably a soil sample should be taken every one hundred meter interval.
Consultancy Report on Shrimp Culture Development
Iranian Fisheries Company (Shilat)
Islamic Republic of Iran
by
WILFREDO G. YAP | and | ROMULUS J. LANDOY |
SENIOR AQUACULTURIST | AQUACULTURE ENGINEER |
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME JULY, 1993 |
L i s t o f D r a w i n g s
Sheet No.
Location of Project Sites
Indicative of Layout of a 100 Million PL-20 Shrimp Hatchery Building.
Typical Seawater Intake for Shrimp Hatchery System.
Typical Plan of Larval Rearing Tank
Typical Plan of Nursery Tank
Typical Plan of Algal Culture Tank
Typical Plan of Broodstock Tank
Typical Plan of Sedimentation Tank
Typical Plan of Rapid Sand Filter
Isometric View of Nursery Tank Showing Freshwater, Saltwater and Aeration Lines.
Typical Layout of Algal Culture Laboratory
Typical Layout of the Proposed Shrimp Hatchery Complex at Mahshahr
Proposed Layout for Conversion of Shilat Warehouse at Mahshahr to Shrimp Hatchery Building
Schematic Diagram of Salt and Fresh Water Supply Line, Hatchery Complex, Mahshahr
Plan of the Proposed Water Treatment Facilities for the Shrimp Hatchery at Mahshahr
Layout of the Main Aeration Lines of the Proposed Hatchery at Mahshahr.
General Layout of the Proposed Shrimp Hatchery Complex at Jask.
Proposed Layout for Conversion of Shilat Cold Storage Plant to Shrimp Hatchery Building at Jask.
Schematic Diagram of the Main Salt and Fresh Water Supply System, Jask.
Plan of the Proposed Water Treatment and Reservoir/Header Tank, Jask.
Section of Broodstock Tanks and Schedule of Nursery Tanks, Jask.
Map showing Location of the Proposed Shrimp Farm Estate at Helleh River Area, Bushehr
Indicative Layout of the Proposed Shrimp Farm Estate at Helleh River Area
Indicative Layout Showing 5 Different Pond Module Configurations at Helleh River Shrimp Farm Estate.
Layout of Ponds Showing Location of Freshwater Canals.
Layout of Shilat Shrimp Farm Project at Helleh River Area.
Typical Sections of Dikes.
Typical Sections of the Main and Secondary Supply Canals and Dikes.
Typical Pond Drainage Gate.
Typical Pond Inlet Structure.
Typical Pumping Set-up.
Typical Installation of a Vertical Propeller Pump.