FAMILY CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis mossambicus | Mossambique tilapia | |||
(Peters) | (-) | |||
Syn.: Tilapia mossambica (Peters) | ||||
Status: exotic | ||||
Environment: fresh water; brackish water, marine | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Epistylis sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Ichthyophthirius sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Trichodina compacta (Luzon) | ||||
T. heterodentata (Luzon) | ||||
Trichodina sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Trichodinella sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Mastigophora | ||||
Oodinidae gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Orientocreadium batrachoides metacercaria (Luzon - experimental) | ||||
Transversotrema patialense (Luzon) | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Cichlidogyrus sclerosus (Luzon) | ||||
Dactylogyrus sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Monogenea gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Branchiura | ||||
Argulus indicas (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: Native to southern Africa, Mossambique tilapia were introduced from Thailand for aquaculture in 1950 and are now found throughout the country (Froese and Pauly 1996). A freshwater species, this fish can be reared under hypersaline conditions. | ||||
Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters) | hybrid tilapia, | |||
x Oreochromis niloticus | red tilapia | |||
niloticus (Linnaeus) | (-) | |||
Status: exotic | ||||
Environment: freshwater | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Ichthyophthirius sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Trichodina sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Mastigophora | ||||
Oodinidae gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Dactylogyrus sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: Natividad (1987) noted that the red tilapia was introduced during the 1950s or 60s. | ||||
Oreochromis niloticus niloticus | Nile tilapia | |||
(Linnaeus) | pla-pla, tilapia | |||
Syn.: Tilapia nilotica (Linnaeus) | ||||
Status: exotic | ||||
Environment: fresh water, brackish water | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Apiosoma sp. (Luzon, Mindano, Panay) | ||||
Epistylis sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Ichthyophthirius sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Trichodina centrostrigata (Luzon, Mindanao) | ||||
T. compacta (Luzon) | ||||
T. heterodentata (Luzon, Mindanao, Palawan) | ||||
T. siluri (Luzon)156 | ||||
T. velasquezae (Panay) | ||||
Trichodina sp. (Luzon, Panay) | ||||
Trichodinidae gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Tripartiella spatula (Luzon, Panay) | ||||
T. tilapiae (Panay) | ||||
Mastigophora | ||||
Cryptobia branchialis (Luzon, Mindanao, Palawan, Panay) | ||||
Oodinidae gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Digenea gen. sp. metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Digenea gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Transversotrema patialense (Luzon, Palawan, Panay) | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Cichlidogyrus longicornis (Luzon, Mindanao) | ||||
C. sclerosus (Luzon, Mindanao) | ||||
C. tiberianus (Luzon, Mindanao) | ||||
C. tilapiae (Luzon, Mindanao) | ||||
Cichlidogyrus sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Dactylogyrus sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Enterogyrus cichlidarum (Luzon) | ||||
Gyrodactylus niloticus (Luzon) | ||||
G. shariffi (Panay) | ||||
Gyrodactylus sp. (Luzon, Panay) | ||||
Mollusca | ||||
Cristaria plicata (Luzon) | ||||
Copepoda | ||||
Caligus epidemicus (Luzon, Panay) | ||||
Lamproglena monodi (Luzon) | ||||
Isopoda | ||||
Alitropis typicus (Luzon) | ||||
Gnathiidae gen. sp. larva (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: Native to Africa, the Nile tilapia was introduced in 1970 and 1973 from Thailand and Israel (Froese and Pauly 1996). Stocks occurring in natural waters are not pure, having interbred extensively with Oreochromis mossambicus (see Macaranas et al. 1986). | ||||
Petrochromis orthognathus | plain mouth | |||
Matthes | petrochromis157 | |||
Status: exotic | (-) | |||
Environment: fresh water | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Luzon - aquarium) | ||||
Remarks: An African cichlid, this aquarium fish does not occur in the natural waters of the Philippines. | ||||
Tilapia zillii (Gervais) | redbelly tilapia | |||
Status: exotic | (-) | |||
Environment: fresh water, brackish water | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Trichodina compacta (Luzon) | ||||
T. heterodentata (Luzon) | ||||
Trichodina sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Trichodinella sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Tripartiella tilapiae (Luzon) | ||||
Mastigophora | ||||
Kinetoplastida gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Monogenea gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: An African cichlid, the redbelly tilapia was introduced in 1973 from Israel for aquaculture (Froese and Pauly 1996). It has probably not established in native waters. | ||||
Tilapia sp. | tilapia | |||
Status: exotic | ||||
Environment: fresh water | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Transversotrema patialense (Luzon) | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Cichlidogyrus sclerosus (Luzon) | ||||
Branchiura | ||||
Argulus sp. (-) | ||||
“tilapia”, “colored tilapia” | ||||
Status: exotic | ||||
Environment: fresh water | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Trichodina sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Transversotrema patialense (Luzon) | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Cichlidogyrus sp. (-) |
FAMILY POMACENTRIDAE
Dischistodus fasciatus (Cuvier) | banded damsel | |||
Syn.: Pomacentrus fasciatus Cuvier | (-) | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Copepoda | ||||
Caligidae gen. sp. (Sanguisiapo) |
SUBORDER MUGILOIDEI
FAMILY MUGILIDAE
Liza subviridis (Valenciennes) | greenback mullet | |||
Syn.: Mugil dussumieri Valenciennes | banak | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: fresh water, brackish water, marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Haplorchis yokogawai metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Heterophyopsis expectans metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Procerovum calderoni metacercaria (Luzon, Mindanao?) | ||||
Pygidiopsis genata metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
P. marivillai metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Stellantchasmus falcatus metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Stictodora guerreroi metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
S. manilensis metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Mugil cephalus Linnaeus | flathead mullet | |||
Status: native | aligasin, banak, talilong | |||
Environment: fresh water, brackish water, marine | ||||
Mastigophora | ||||
Amyloodinium ocellatum (Panay) | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Carassotrema philippimnse (Mactan, Palawan) | ||||
Copepoda | ||||
Caligus sp. (Panay) | ||||
Remarks: The flathead mullet is an anadromous species. | ||||
Mugil sp. | mullet | |||
Status: native | banak | |||
Environment: fresh water, brackish water; marine | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Apiosoma sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Chilodonella sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Trichodina sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Transversotrema patialense (Luzon) | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Dactylogyrus sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Nematoda gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
“mullet,” “banak,” “talilong” | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: fresh water, brackish water, marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Heterophyopsis expectans metacercaria (-) | ||||
Branchiura | ||||
Argulus sp. (-) |
SUBORDER POLYNEMOIDEI
FAMILY POLYNEMIDAE
Eleutheronema tetradactylum fourfinger threadfin (Shaw) | bikaw, mamali | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine, brackish water | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Procerovum calderoni metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: Fourfinger threadfin also enter rivers. |
SUBORDER LABROIDEI
FAMILY LABRIDAE
Bodianus mesothorax (Bloch and Schneider) | splitlevel hogfish (-) | |||
Syn.: | Lepidaplois mesothorax (Bloch and Schneider) | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Scaphanocephalus adamsi metacercaria (Luzon - aquarium) |
Cheilio inermis (Forsskäl) | cigar wrasse (-) | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Lecithophyllum cheilionis (Palawan) |
Choerodon anchorago (Bloch) | orange-dotted tuskfish (-) | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Macvicaria longisaccus (Palawan) |
Oxycheilinus diagrammus (Lacépède) | cheeklined wrasse mulmul | ||
Syn.: | Cheilinus diagrammus (Lacépède) | ||
Status: native | |||
Environment: marine Digenea | |||
Transversotrema haasi (Cebu, Mindoro) | |||
Xyrichtys sp. | (-) | ||
Syn.: | Iniisttus sp. | (-) | |
Status: native | |||
Habitat: marine | |||
Isopoda | |||
Cymothoa stromatei (Panay) |
FAMILY SCARIDAE
Scarus festivus Valenciennes | (-) | ||||
Syn.: Scarus lunula (Snyder) | mulmol | ||||
Status: native | |||||
Environment: marine | |||||
Digenea | |||||
Transversotrema haasi (-)158 |
SUBORDER GOBIOIDEI FAMILY ELEOTRIDAE
FAMILY GOBIIDAE
Butis amboinensis (Bleeker) | olive flathead-gudgeon | |||
biang sunog159 | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: freshwater, brackish water, marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Procerovum calderoni metacercaria (Luzon &/or Mindanao) |
Eleotris fusca (Schneider and Forster) | dusky sleeper | |||
mulug1160 | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: brackish water, fresh water | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Torticaecum nipponicum (Palawan) |
Eleotris melanosoma Bleeker | broadhead sleeper161 | |||
virot162 | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: brackish water, fresh water | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Aonchotheca philippinensis larva (Luzon) |
Hypseleotris bipartita Herre | (-) | |||
Syn.: | Apogon sp. auctorum | bagsit, | ||
Status: native | maringyan163 | |||
Environment: fresh water, brackish water | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Aonchotheca philippinensis larva (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda gen. sp. (Luzon) |
Ophieleotris aporos (Bleeker) | snake-headed gudgeon | ||||
bangayngay164 | |||||
Syn.: | Ophiocara aporos (Bleeker) | ||||
Status: native | |||||
Environment: fresh water | |||||
Digenea | |||||
Echinochasmus novalichesensis (Luzon) | |||||
Stictodora guetreroi metacercaria (Luzon) | |||||
S. tanayensis metacercaria (Luzon) | |||||
Copepoda | |||||
Lernaea sp. (Luzon) |
FAMILY GOBIDAE
Acentrogobius janthinopterus (Bleeker) | brook goby165 | |||
biang sapa | ||||
Syn.: | Creisson validus Jordan and Seale | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: fresh water, brackish water, marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Procerovum calderoni metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: Herre (1953) listed Creisson validus as a synonym of C. janthinopterus. Froese and Pauly (1996) list the valid name for this species as Acentrogobius janthinopterus. |
Chonophorus melanocephalus (Bleeker) | rock goby166 | |||
biang bato | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: freshwater | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Aonchotheca philippinensis larva (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda gen. sp. (Luzon) |
Glossogobius biocellatus (Valenciennes) | sleeper | |||
biang tulog | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine, brackish water, fresh water | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Neochasmus microvatus (Luzon) | ||||
Opegaster minima (Luzon) | ||||
Copepoda | ||||
Lernaea cyprinacea (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: Intertidal, entering estuaries, lagoons and coastal rivers. |
Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton) | tank goby | |||
Status: native | biyang puti167 | |||
Environment: fresh water, brackish water, marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Azygia pristipomai (Luzon) | ||||
Carneophallus brevicaeca (Luzon) | ||||
Centrocestus caninus metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Digenea gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Echinochasmus novalichesensis (Luzon) | ||||
Erilepturus lemeriensis (Luzon)168 | ||||
Haplorchis pumilio metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Neochasmus microvatus (Luzon) | ||||
Opegaster minima (Luzon) | ||||
Orientocreadium batrachoides (Luzon) | ||||
Posthodiplostomum grayi metacercaria (-) | ||||
Procerovum calderoni metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Prosorhynchus crucibulum (Luzon) | ||||
Cestoda | ||||
Bothriocephalus sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Cestoda gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Proteocephalus sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Ascaridida gen. sp. larva (Luzon) | ||||
Gnathostoma spinigerum larva (Luzon) | ||||
Copepoda | ||||
Ergasilus philippinensis (Luzon) | ||||
Lernaea cyprinacea (Luzon) | ||||
L. lophiara (Luzon) |
Oxyurichthys microlepis | long-finned goby169 | |||
(Bleeker) | talimusak | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine, brackish water | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Procerovum calderoni metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Luzon) | ||||
Sicyopterus sp. | (-) | |||
Status: native | ipon170 | |||
Environment: brackish water | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Aonchotheca philippinensis larva (Luzon) |
SUBORDER ACANTHUROIDEI
FAMILY SIGANIDAE
Siganus argenteus | streamlined spinefoot | |||
(Quoy and Gaimard) | barangan, samaral | |||
Syn.: Teuthis rostrata (Valenciennes) | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Hemiurus sigani (-) | ||||
Hexangium sigani (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: Velasquez (1974, 1975a) listed Teuthis rostrata as a synonym of Siganus fuscescens . | ||||
Siganus canaliculatus | white-spotted spinefoot | |||
(Park) | barangan, samaral | |||
Syn.: Siganus oramin (Bloch and Schneider) | ||||
Amphacanthus oramin Bloch and Schneider | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Hexangium sigani (Palawan) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Procamallanus sp. (Palawan) | ||||
Acanthocephala | ||||
Diplosentis amphacanthi (Mindanao) | ||||
Siganus fuscescens | mottled spinefoot | |||
(Houttuyn) | barangan, samaral | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Gyliauchen papillatus (-) | ||||
Hexangium sigani (-) | ||||
Siganus guttatus | orange-spotted spinefoot | |||
(Bloch) | barangan, samaral | |||
Syn.: Teuthis concatenata (Valenciennes) | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine, brackish water | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Trichodina sp. (Panay) | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Hemiurus sigani (-) | ||||
Hexangium sigani (Samar) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Nematoda gen. sp. (Panay) | ||||
Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) guttatusi (Panay) | ||||
Copepoda | ||||
Ergasilus rotundicorpus (Panay) | ||||
Caligus sp. (Panay) | ||||
Siganus javus (Linnaeus,) | streaked spinefoot | |||
Syn.: Teuthis javus Linnaeus | barangan, samaral | |||
Amphacanthus javus (Linnaeus) | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine, brackish water | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Haplorchis pumilio metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
H. yokogawai metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Heterophyopsis expectans metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Hexangium sigani (Luzon) | ||||
Procerovum calderoni metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Siganus spinus (Linnaeus) | little spinefoot | |||
Syn.: Siganus striolatus | barangan, samaral | |||
(Günther) | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Hemiurus sigani (Palawan) | ||||
Hexangium sigani ((Palawan) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Procamallanus sp. (Palawan) | ||||
Siganus virgatus | barhead spinefoot | |||
(Valenciennes) | barangan | |||
Syn.: Teuthis virgata (Valenciennes) | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine, brackish water | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Ancyrocephalus manilensis (Luzon - aquarium) | ||||
Aspinatrium virgatarum (Luzon - aquarium) | ||||
Remarks: This species has been reported to enter fresh water. | ||||
Siganus sp. | (-) | |||
Status: native | samaral | |||
Environment: marine, brackish water | ||||
Microspora | ||||
Microsporidia gen. sp. (Visayan islands) | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Hexangium sigani (-) |
FAMILY ACANTHUMDAE
Acanthurus lineatus (Linneaus) | lined surgeonfish | |||
Status: native | indangan, labahita | |||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Megasolena acanthuri (-) | ||||
Acanthurus triostegus | convict surgeonfish | |||
(Linnaeus) | indangan, labahita | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Hysterolecitha acanthuri (Samar) | ||||
Acanthurus sp. | (-) | |||
Syn.: Teuthis sp. | samaral | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Luzon, Mindoro) | ||||
Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) spiralis (Luzon) | ||||
Naso hexacanthus (Bleeker) | sleek unicornfish | |||
Status: native | isdang ilong | |||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Lecithocladium chingi (Mactan) | ||||
Prosogonotrema bilabiatum (Mactan) | ||||
Naso unicornis (Forsskäl) | bluespine unicornfish | |||
Status: native | bakwak171 | |||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Hexangium leptosomum (Palawan) | ||||
Naso vlamingii | bignose unicornfish | |||
(Valenciennes) | isdang ilong | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Cleptodiscus bulbosus (Mactan) | ||||
Lecithocladium chingi (Mactan) | ||||
Preptetos caballeroi (Mactan) | ||||
Prosorchiopsis aluterae (Mactan) |
SUBORDER SPHYRAENOIDEI
FAMILY SPHYRAENIDAE
Sphyraena jello Cuvier | pickhandle barracuda | |||
Status: native | asugon, tursilyo | |||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Pseudopecoeloides carangis (Palawan) | ||||
Sphyraena langsar Bleeker | langsar barracuda172 | |||
Status: native | dumbusan, tursilyo | |||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Prosorhynchoides philippinorum (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Anisakis sp. larva (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: The taxonomic status of this species is questionable (E. Capuli, ICLARM, Manila, pers. comm.). | ||||
Sphyraena sp. | barracuda | |||
Status: native | tursilyo | |||
Environment: | marine | |||
Digenea | ||||
Didymozoon bravohollisae (Luzon) | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Tristomella pricei (Visayan islands)173 |
SUBORDER SCOMBROIDEI
FAMILY TRICHIURIDAE
Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus | largehead hairtail | |||
Syn.: Trichiurus haumela (Forsskäl) | espada174 | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine, brackish water | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Plerurus digitatus (Palawan) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Luzon) | ||||
Camallanus ( Camallanus ) marinus (Palawan) |
FAMILY SCOMBRIDAE
Euthynnus affinis (Cantor) | kawakawa | |||
Syn.: Euthunnus yaito Kishinouye | katsarita175 | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Didymozoidae gen. sp. (Palawan) | ||||
Lecithochirium magnaporum (Palawan) | ||||
Prosorhyncoides sibi (Palawan) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Luzon) | ||||
Anisakis sp. larva (Luzon) | ||||
Spinitectus palawanensis (Palawan) | ||||
Rastrelliger brachysoma | short mackerel | |||
(Bleeker) | alumahan176 | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine, brackish water | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Eyelavera typica (Luzon) | ||||
Kuhnia scombercolias (Negros) | ||||
K. sprostonae (Negros) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Panay) | ||||
Rastrelliger faughni Matsui | island mackerel | |||
Status: native | bulao-bulao177 | |||
Environment: marine | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Eyelavera typica (Luzon) | ||||
Pseudoanthocotyle pavlovskyi (Cebu, Luzon, Palawan) | ||||
Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier) | Indian mackerel | |||
Syn.: Rastrelliger chrysozonus (Rüppell) | alumahan178 | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Lecithocladium angustiovum (Luzon, Visayan islands) | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Eyelavera typica (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Panay) | ||||
Scomberomorus commerson | narrow-barred | |||
(Lacépède) | Spanish mackerel | |||
Status: native | tanguigue179 | |||
Environment: marine | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Luzon) | ||||
Anisakis sp. larva (Luzon) |
SUBORDER ANABANTOIDEI
FAMILY ANABANTIDAE
Anabas testudineus (Bloch) | climbing perch | |||
Status: native | liwalo180 | |||
Environment: brackish water, fresh water | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Centrocestus caninus metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Clinostomidae gen. sp. (-) | ||||
Procerovum calderoni metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
? P. varium metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Stellantchasmus falcatus metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Camallanus ( Zeylanema ) anabantis (Luzon) | ||||
Gnathostoma spinigerum larva (-) | ||||
Copepoda | ||||
Lernaea cyprinacea (Luzon) | ||||
L. lophiara (Luzon - experimental) |
FAMILY BELONTIIDAE
Sphaerichthys osphromenoides | chocolate gourami | |||
Canestrini | (-) | |||
Status: exotic | ||||
Environment: fresh water | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Nematoda gen. sp. (Luzon - aquarium) | ||||
Remarks: Native to Malaysia and Indonesia, this aquarium species does not occur in Philippine natural waters. | ||||
Trichogaster lalia (Hamilton) | dwarf gourami | |||
Syn.: Colisa lalia (Hamilton) | (-) | |||
Status: exotic | ||||
Environment: fresh water | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Heteronchocleidus sp. (Luzon - aquarium) | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Ascocotyle sp. metacercaria (Luzon - aquarium) | ||||
Remarks: Native to South Asia, this aquarium species does not occur in Philippine natural waters. | ||||
Trichogaster pectoralis | snakeskin gourami | |||
(Regan) | guraming Siam | |||
Status: exotic | ||||
Environment: fresh water | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Trichodina sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Cestada | ||||
Cestoda gen sp. (Luzon | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Nematoda gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: Snakeskin gourami are native to Thailand and Indo-China. They were introduced from Bangkok to Luzon Island in 1938 (Herre 1953). | ||||
Trichogaster trichopterus | three spot gourami | |||
(Pallas) | (-) | |||
Status: exotic | ||||
Environment: fresh water | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Trichodina heterodentata (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: Three spot gourami are self-reproducing in Philippine natural waters. They were recorded as being introduced from Borneo into a crater lake on Cagayan Sulu Island, Sulu Province prior to 1909, with a subsequent introduction from Thailand occurring in 1938 (see Herre 1953). |
SUBORDER CHANNOIDEI
FAMILY CHANNIDAE
Channa striata (Bloch) | snakehead murrel | |||
Syn.: Ophicephalus striatus Bloch | dalag181 | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: fresh water | ||||
Apicomplexa | ||||
Sporozoa gen. sp. (-) | ||||
Ciliophora | ||||
Apiosoma sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Chilodonella sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Epistylis sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Trichodina sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Centrocestus caninus metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Clinostomoides brieni metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Clinostomum complanatum metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
C. philippinensis metacercaria (Luzon, Mindanao) | ||||
Clinostomum sp. metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Clinostomidae gen. sp. (-) | ||||
Digenea gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Diplostomulum sp. metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Euclinostomum multicaecum metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Haplorchis pumilio metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
H. taichui metacercaria (Luzon, Mindanao?) | ||||
H. yokogawai metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Neodiplostomum sp. metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Opegaster minima (Luzon) | ||||
Posthodiplostomum grayi metacercaria (-) | ||||
Posthodiplostomum sp. metacercaria (-) | ||||
Procerovum calderoni metacercaria (Luzon) | ||||
Monogenea | ||||
Gyrodactylus sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Cestada | ||||
Cestoda gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Camallanus sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Gnathostoma spinigerum larva (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Neocamallanus ophicephali (Luzon) | ||||
Hirudinea | ||||
Piscicola sp. (-) | ||||
Branchiura | ||||
Argulus indicas (Luzon) | ||||
Argulus sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Copepoda | ||||
Lernaea cyprinacea (Luzon) | ||||
Lernaea sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Remarks: Froese and Pauly (1996) noted that the snakehead murrel was introduced (source and year unknown) for aquaculture purposes. Herre (1953), however, indicates that this species is native to the Philippines, occurring in almost all freshwater lakes and streams throughout the country. |
ORDER PLEURONECTIFORMES
SUBORDER PSETTOIDEI
FAMILY PSETTODIDAE
Psettodes erumei | Indian spiny turbot | |||
(Bloch and Schneider) | dapa182 | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Prosorhynchus longus (Luzon) | ||||
Rhipidocotyle laruei (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Luzon) |
SUBORDER PLEURONECTOIDEI
FAMILY PARALICHTHYIDAE
Pseudorhombus javanicus | Javan flounder | |||
(Bleeker) | dapa | |||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Philometra lateolabracis (Palawan) |
FAMILY SOLEIDAE
Synaptura sorsogonensis Evermann and Seale | (-) | |||
Status: native | dapa | |||
Environment: marine | ||||
Digenea | ||||
Didymozoidae gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Luzon) |
ORDER TETRAODONTIFORMES
SUBORDER BALISTOIDEI
FAMILY BALISTIDAE
Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus | yellowmargin | |||
(Rüppell) | triggerfish | |||
Syn: Balistes flavimarginatus | papakol | |||
Rüppell | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine | ||||
Copepoda | ||||
Caligus productus (Tapul) |
SUBORDER TETRAODONTOIDEI
FAMILY TETRAODONTIDAE
Arothron manilensis | narrow-lined puffer | |||
(de Procé) | (-) | |||
Syn.: Tetrodon manilensis de Procé | ||||
Status: native | ||||
Environment: marine, brackish water | ||||
Copepoda | ||||
Lernanthropus musca (Luzon) | ||||
Penella sagitta (Luzon) | ||||
Arothron mappa (Lesson) | map puffer | |||
Status: native | (-) | |||
Environment: marine | ||||
Nematoda | ||||
Philometra robusta (Tawi-Tawi) |
FISHES OF UNCERTAIN TAXONOMIC AFFINITY
"boloan" | ||
Nematoda | ||
Anisakidae gen. sp. larva (Luzon) | ||
"snapper" | ||
Isopoda | ||
Renocila richardsonae (Bubuan) | ||
"fish" | ||
Ciliophora | ||
Epistylis sp. (-) | ||
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (-) | ||
Trichodina acuta (-) | ||
T. heterodentata (-) | ||
Trichodina sp. (Luzon) | ||
Trichodinella carpi (-) | ||
Mastigophora | ||
Cryptobia sp. (-) | ||
Ichthyobodo sp. (-) | ||
Trypanosoma sp. (-) | ||
Myxozoa | ||
Henneguya sp. (-) | ||
Myxobolus sp. (-) | ||
Digenea | ||
Carneophallus brevicaeca (-) | ||
Clinostomum sp. metacercaria (-) | ||
Digenea gen. sp. metacercaria (-) | ||
Heterophyidae gen. sp. metacercaria (Mindanao) | ||
Neochasmus microvatus metacercaria (-) | ||
Orientocreadium batrachoides (-) | ||
Strigeidae gen. sp. metacercaria (Mindanao) | ||
Monogenea | ||
Cichlidogyrus sclerosus (-) | ||
Cichlidogyrus sp. (-) | ||
Dactylogyrus sp. (Luzon) | ||
Gyrodactylus sp. (-) | ||
Monogenea gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||
Cestoda | ||
Lytocestus sp. (-) | ||
Proteocephalus sp. (-) | ||
Acanthocephala | ||
Acanthogyrus sp. (-) | ||
Filisoma rizalinum (Luzon) | ||
Neoechinorhynchus octonucleatus (Luzon) | ||
Nematoda | ||
Camallanidae gen. sp. (Mindanao) | ||
Camallanus sp. (-) | ||
Gnathostoma spinigerum larva (-) | ||
Neocamallanus ophicephali (-) | ||
Nematoda gen. sp. (Luzon) | ||
Procamallanus sp. (-) | ||
Terranova gen. sp. (Palawan) | ||
Hirudinea | ||
Piscicola sp. (-) | ||
Branchiura | ||
Argulus sp. (Luzon) | ||
Copepoda | ||
Ergasilus sp. (-) | ||
Lernaea cyprinacea (-) | ||
Lernaea sp. (Luzon) | ||
Isopoda | ||
Alitropus typicus (-) | ||
Cymothoa eremita (Bubuan) | ||
Elthusa propinqua (Sombrero) |
156 Tentative parasite identification.
157 The English common name is provided by Axelrod et al. (1989).
158 Possible host misidentification.
159 Additional Tagalog common names include “kaple” and “susunog.”
160 The local common name is in from Bikolano dialect
161 The English common name is provided by Smith and Heemstra (1986).
162 The local common name is from the Ilokano dialect
164 Additional Tagalog common names are “bakulihan,” “dalagan,” “palawan,” “paluwon” and “simanwar.”
165 The English common name is provided by Herre and Umali (1948).
166 The English common name is provided by Herre and Umali (1948).
167 Additional Tagalog common names include “bato,” “bia” and “dapal.”
168 Possible host misidentification.
169 The English common name is provided by Herre and Umali (1948).
170 The local name is from the Ilokano dialect
171 The common name comes from the Visayan dialect
172 The English common name is provided by Herre (1953).
173 Possible host misidentification.
174 Additional Tagalog common names include “laying” and “pinka.”
176 Additional Tagalog common names include “hasa-hasa” and “kabalyas.”
177 The common name comes from the Visayan dialect
178 Additional Tagalog common names include “hasa-hasa” and “lumahan.”
179 Additional Tagalog common names include “maladyong,” “tangigi” and “tangingii.”
180 Additional Tagalog common names include “martiniko,” “puyo” and “tinikan.”
181 Additional Tagalog common names include “bakule,” “bulig,” “bundaki” and “bundalag.”
182 Additional Tagalog common names include “dalapang tangkao” and “kalangkao.”