Protein quality assessment in follow-up formula for young children and ready to use therapeutic foods

FAO

Protein quality assessment in follow-up formula for young children and ready to use therapeutic foods

Report of the FAO Expert Working Group, Rome, 6–9 November 2017

Year of publication 2018

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Pages 50

Author FAO

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Book (series)

ISBN 978-92-5-131120-2

Series title FAO Food and Nutrition Paper

Series number N/A

Edition 1

Full item page

Synopsis (short abstract) Consistent with the need to provide safe food for young children, particularly during the complementary feeding period between 12 and 36 months and the period of rapid development to age 59 months, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) convened an Expert Working Group the FAO Headquarters, Rome, Italy, from 6 to 9 November 2017. The meeting addressed questions related to protein quality evaluation in two distinct products used to feed children in different conditions: Ready to Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) and Follow up Formula for Young Children (FUF-YC). Specific meeting objectives were: • To determine the appropriate comparative protein or amino acid reference pattern to define protein quality for use in FUF-YC and RUTF. • To provide guidance on the preferred protein quality assessment methodology that should be stipulated with the standards for FUF-YC and RUTF. • To provide guidance on the measurement of protein and amino acid digestibility. • To provide the appropriate reference amino acid profiles and the amino acid composition of common ingredients used for FUF-YC and RUTF. • To provide cost implications for countries to use PDCAAS in FUF-YC and RUTF. This report provides future research recommendations including the need to generate data on the true ileal digestibility for different protein sources so that Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS) values can be used in the future.

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Following the 2011 FAO Expert Consultation on dietary protein quality evaluation in human nutrition, a working group was convened in Bangalore, India from 2-5 March 2014 to explore and develop means for producing more data accessible worldwide of ileal amino acid digestibility of human foods, particularly for foods consumed in low income countries. The paucity of data, especially from human studies, remains an obstacle to the practical implementation of the DIASS method for evaluating protein qu ality. The report considers protocols including recommended best practice for pig-based, rat-based and human based assays for true ileal amino acid digestibility determinations to support the generation of new data. The working group considered the development of protocols that would allow non-invasive measures of ileal amino acid digestibility in humans with primary reliance on novel approaches using minimally invasive stable isotopes tracers. Such an exercise would need to involve the determin ation of ileal protein and amino acid digestibility in both humans and animal models to allow the development of robust inter-species protein digestibility predictions.
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Guidelines for ready-to-use therapeutic foods 2023

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This text provides guidance on technical and nutritional aspects of the production of ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTF) including nutritional composition, raw materials and ingredients, good manufacturing practices, microbiological and chemical contaminant criteria, methods of analysis and sampling, and provisions for packaging and labelling. The provisions of these guidelines apply to RUTF for children aged from 6 to 59 months with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) who need efficacious and timely intervention including safe, palatable foods with a high-energy content and adequate amounts of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients within an appropriately designed programme that promotes continuation of breastfeeding, appropriate transition to nutritious family food and psycho-social support for recovery. The term "Codex Alimentarius" is Latin and means "food code”. Codex standards are international food texts, i.e. standards, codes of practice, codes of hygienic practice, guidelines and other recommendations, established to protect the health of the consumers and to ensure fair practices in the food trade. The collection of food standards and related texts adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission is known as the Codex Alimentarius.
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The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Meetings on Nutrition (‎JEMNU)‎: nitrogen to protein conversion factors for soy-based and milk-based ingredients used in infant formula and follow-up formula
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The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Meetings on Nutrition (JEMNU) was established in 2009 to provide scientific advice to the committees of the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme (i.e. Codex) or Member Countries. JEMNU aims to provide relevant scientific advice in an independent, timely and cost-effective manner; therefore, JEMNU will be convened when there is a specific request from a Codex Committee or Member Countries. Currently being discussed at the Codex Committee on Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Uses (CCNFSDU) is the most appropriate nitrogen to protein conversion factor (or factors) to use in estimating protein content of soy-based ingredients and milk-based ingredients used in infant formulas and follow-up formulas. To provide guidance on this topic, at the 39th Session of CCNFSDU in 2017, the Committee requested that JEMNU be convened to review the evidence and develop evidence-informed guidance regarding nitrogen to protein conversion factors. FAO and WHO convened the first meeting of JEMNU in Geneva, Switzerland from 16 to 17 July 2019. The report of this first meeting provides a summary of the proceedings and includes the recommendations of the JEMNU experts on the most appropriate nitrogen to protein conversion factor (or factors) to use in estimating protein content of soy-based ingredients and milk-based ingredients used in infant formulas and follow-up formulas.