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Data management and visualisation in response to large-scale nuclear emergencies affecting food and agriculture










Lee Zhi Yi, A. and Dercon, G. (eds). 2019. Data management and visualisation in response to large-scale nuclear emergencies affecting food and agriculture. Vienna, FAO/IAEA.


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    Given the growing number of nuclear power plants and nuclear power stations being built, the aging of existing ones, and the nuclear incidents that have occurred in the past, the improvement of nuclear emergency preparedness and response in food and agriculture has never been more necessary and urgent. A nuclear incident often leads to disarray, and may have long-term consequences for people, trade and the economy. Lessons learned from previous power plant accidents have identified critical areas for improvement – including data sampling and analysis, data management, and data visualization for swift decision-making – which would allow food control and health authorities to respond and disseminate information to all relevant stakeholders on a timely basis. In addition, these improvements form the basis of an effective emergency response system that can protect the food chain and water supply systems and prevent the consumption of contaminated foods. The Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture has developed the Decision Support System for Nuclear Emergencies Affecting Food and Agriculture (DSS4NAFA), a cloud-based Information Technology (IT) decision support system with improved capacity to manage large volumes of spatial and temporal data, real-time information processing and visualization, and provide enhanced aid to response actions and decision-making.
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    Impact on Seafood Safety of the Nuclear Accident in Japan
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    The Tohoku earthquake and tsunami of 11 March 2011 caused extensive damage to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Radioactive contamination of the Pacific Ocean following the nuclear incident has raised public concerns about seafood safety. Based on currently available information, some seafood in the direct vicinity of the nuclear power plant has been found to be contaminated at levels above the regulatory limits set by the Japanese Government, and control measures are in place to preven t its distribution. Radionuclide contamination, if any in seafood outside these areas, will be significantly below any public health concern, even in Pacific islands with high seafood consumption. Any additional radiation levels will contribute only a small amount to natural background radiation exposure. Further developments will be closely monitored and updates provided as appropriate.
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    Nuclear Accidents and Radioactive Contamination of Foods
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    Radioactive isotopes of elements (radionuclides) are naturally present in the environment, and that includes our bodies and our food and water. We are exposed to radiation (also known as background radiation) from these radionuclides on a daily basis. Radiation comes from space (i.e., cosmic rays) as well as from naturally-occurring radioactive materials (radionuclides) found in the soil, water and air. Radioactivity can be detected in food and water and the concentration of naturally-occurring radionuclides varies depending on several factors such as local geology, climate and agricultural practices.

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