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Technical brief on water, sanitation, hygiene and wastewater management to prevent infections and reduce the spread of antimicrobial resistance











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    Book (stand-alone)
    On-farm practices for the safe use of wastewater in urban and peri-urban horticulture
    A training handbook for Farmer Field Schools in Sub-Saharan Africa
    2019
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    The world’s population is growing rapidly and concentrating in urban centres. This trend is particularly intense in developing countries, where an additional 2.1 billion people are expected to be living in cities by 2030. However, sanitation coverage (collection and treatment) is not keeping pace with urban growth and as a result most wastewater enters water courses untreated. Many farmers in developing countries grow crops, especially vegetables, in urban and peri-urban environments using this wastewater, raw or diluted, to irrigate their crops. Such wastewater is often heavily contaminated with disease- causing organisms and chemical agents that can seriously harm the health of the farmers, the traders who handle crops and the people who consume them. It is therefore very important for urban and peri-urban vegetable farmers to be aware of the health-risks associated with using wastewater for their irrigating crops and to know how to use wastewater safely at farm level to reduce those health risks. Safe irrigation methods are essential when using wastewater for irrigation, but they need to be complemented with other practices from farm to fork to ensure the safety of others involved in the value chain. In 2006, the World Health Organization (WHO), together with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), adopted a multiple-barrier approach to reduce the health risks to farmers and consumers posed by using wastewater in agriculture. This approach opened the door to targeting a variety of entry points where health risks occur or can be mitigated before the food is consumed. This handbook focuses on low-cost and low-tech on-farm wastewater treatment and safe irrigation practices that farmers can adopt to grow safer products. When using the pronoun ‘you’, the handbook addresses extension officers, trainers of farmers, and farmers interested to apply and share new knowledge.
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Note d’orientation technique relative à l’eau, l’assainissement et l’hygiène et la gestion des eaux usées pour prévenir les infections et réduire la propagation de la résistance aux antimicrobiens 2020
    La présente note d’orientation technique contient des informations destinées à orienter l’intégration de mesures de WASH et de gestion des eaux usées dans les plans d’action nationaux (PAN) multisectoriels de résistance aux antimicrobiens (RAM). Il comprend un résumé des données et la justification des avantages conjoints pour l’action dans chaque secteur. Il présente également un ensemble d’activités qu’il convient à chaque pays d’examiner et de peaufiner. La note d’orientation technique recense également les options politiques spécifiques au secteur et des informations supplémentaires, y compris les besoins en matière de connaissances et de recherche, ainsi que les ressources techniques supplémentaires devant soutenir la planification et la mise en œuvre.
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    Project
    Enhancing Households’ and Pupils’ Access to Nutritionally Adequate Diets and Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Services in Madagascar - GCP/MAG/093/JPN 2024
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    Madagascar loses between 7 percent and 14.5 percent of its gross domestic product (GDP) each year because of chronic malnutrition and hunger, critically affecting the optimal development of the child as well as the development of the country. In this context, there are key challenges, such as diets that are not balanced or diversified and school meals that do not provide enough nutrition. In addition, the neglect of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) practices is directly linked to a high percentage of child mortality and is one of the key causes for high stunting levels in Madagascar. The project was implemented in Amoron’i Mania region to contribute to reducing chronic malnutrition among its population. It also aimed to improve community access to healthy and nutrient-rich food and WASH services and enhance infrastructure at community, school, health centre and community site levels.

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