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Book (stand-alone)Towards inclusive Pluralistic Service Systems
Insights for innovative thinking
2017Also available in:
No results found.A growing variety of public and private rural advisory services are available today, leading to increasingly pluralistic service systems (PSS) – in which advisory services are provided by different actors and funded from different sources. PSS have emerged in many countries as a response to a decline in public sector extension and the increasing demand for tailored, diverse and market-oriented services. Private companies, non-governmental organizations and producer organizations, today play mor e active roles alongside traditional public sector providers. The diversity of service providers in PSS has the potential to make services more inclusive, responsive to demand, context-specific and based on multiple knowledge sources. This is particularly relevant, as farmers are highly diverse, differing in resources, gender, market access, crops and livestock systems, and therefore require different types of information and services to achieve sustainable productivity growth and better livelih oods. Based on extensive literature review, the paper provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on “inclusive pluralistic service systems”, examining the need for demand-driven service provision, the diverse providers and approaches to service delivery, and the policy considerations and institutional challenges constraining the operation of inclusive PSS. -
Brochure, flyer, fact-sheetPromoting Inclusive Pluralistic Service Systems: What are the priorities for action?
FAO Side Event, 3 October 20167th GFRAS Annual Meeting, 3–7 October 2016,Limbé, Cameroon
2016Also available in:
No results found.A growing variety of public and private agricultural advisory services are available today, leading to increasingly ‘pluralistic service systems’ (PSS) in which advisory services are provided by different actors and funding sources. PSS hold the potential to overcome constraints related to funding, staffing and expertise, and making advisory services more demand-driven. But how PSS can effectively respond to demands of heterogeneous farmers, especially the most vulnerable? How aspects of govern ance, accountability and coordination are dealt with in PSS; How policies and transformative investments can make PSS more inclusive; How can public and private actors support service providers in improving the quality, relevance and reach of their services? What is the role of farmers and their organizations in inclusive PSS? These were some of the questions raised by FAO Expert Consultation on Inclusive PSS. The side event presents the outcome of the Consultation, validates policy recommendat ions and identifies priorities for action. -
Book (stand-alone)The Extension and Advisory Service Systems Yardstick (EAS-Y)
A scoring tool to generate evidence on performance and outcomes
2022Also available in:
No results found.Extension and advisory services (EAS) play a key role in facilitating innovation processes, empowering marginalized groups through capacity development, and linking farmers with markets. Advisory services are increasingly provided by a range of actors and funded from diverse sources. With the broadened scope of EAS and the growing complexity of the system, the quantitative performance indicators used in the past (e.g. related to investment, staffing or productivity) are not adequate anymore to understand whether the system is well-functioning. To enable evidence based and informed policy and investment decision for extension and advisory systems, the EAS-Yardstick (EAS-Y) has been developed through a consultative expert process. It constitutes a holistic scoring tool based on a comprehensive set of metrics that can capture all the nuances of the pluralistic EAS. Metrics are organized into two modules, related to EAS performance and to EAS outcomes, each subdivided into key EAS topics. These cover elements of the EAS enabling environment, scope and provision of services, and coordination, collaboration and learning in the system. At the outcome level, topics include the acquisition of skills, changes in behaviours and livelihood transformations. All metrics are operationalized through a scoring mechanism. EAS-Y is digitally enabled through the Kobo toolbox and is used for participatory assessments in various contexts. Assessments can support a systematic crosscountry analysis, complementing findings from more specific impact evaluations of EAS interventions or in-depth process evaluations. As such, it contributes to substantially enhance EAS system performance and outcomes by guiding investment and policy decisions.
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