1. |
With"before and after" experiments the effect of
treatment cannot be separatedfrom the effect of change in rainfall |
2. |
Ccalibration of paired plots before treatment |
3. |
An unexplained anomaly in the relationships between splash
and cover |
4. |
Mass ratio calibration of Laws and Parsons |
5. |
Laws and Parsons data on drop size and intensity |
6. |
Later studies of drop diameter at high intensities |
7. |
Erosion pins to measure change in surface level |
8. |
A simple profile meter for measuring changes in surface
level |
9. |
Profile meter with a photographic record |
10. |
Setting out a network of erosion pins to measure gully
erosion |
11. |
Calculation of cross-sections in a gully |
12. |
Schematic diagram of simple methodology to determine the
effect of certain treatments on soil erosion |
13. |
An unsuccessful attempt to measure runoff from terraced
land using a small plot |
14. |
Layout of experimental plots to avoid bias caused by soil
variation |
15. |
A simple version of the Gerlach trough |
16. |
Hydrographs from three watersheds in Sri Lanka |
17. |
Layout of experimental plots in Zimbabwe |
18. |
Use of screens to trap floating debris |
19. |
Calculating the flow in pipes from the height of a
vertical jet |
20. |
Variation of velocity in a stream |
21. |
Two types of current meter |
22. |
Estimating the flow in a stream from measurement with a
current meter |
23. |
An example of the rating curve for a stream or river |
24. |
Channels with the same cross-sectional area have a
different hydraulic radius |
25. |
Nomograph for solving Manning's formula |
26. |
Freeflow and submerged flow over a sharp-crested weir |
27. |
Unsuppressed flow with end contractions and suppressed
flow with the weir in a channel |
28. |
Measuring streamflow with sharp-crested weirs |
29. |
Sharp-crested weirs must have a sharp upstream edge |
30. |
A Cipolletti weir |
31. |
A compound weir |
32. |
A Parshall flume |
33. |
Dimensions of a Parshall flume |
34. |
Proportions of the H flume |
35. |
Effect of submergence on the calibration of an H flume |
36. |
The Washington State College flume |
37. |
Velocity, sediment concentration and sediment discharge in
streams |
38. |
A suggested pattern for sediment sampling with sampling
points at half the depth of flow |
39. |
A depth-integrating sampler |
40. |
A point-integrated sampler |
41. |
Device for simultaneous sampling at the stream surface and
at depth |
42. |
An array of samplers for progressive sampling during a
rising stage |
43. |
Sediment sampling mast |
44. |
Cableway manual pump sampling |
45. |
Bedload trap |
46. |
Bedload sampler |
47. |
Bedload sampler with pressure differential at entry |
48. |
Total load slot sampler |
49. |
Trap efficiency of reservoirs |
50. |
Relationship between median volume drop diameter and
intensity |
51. |
Terminal velocity of raindrops |
52. |
Relationship between kinetic energy and intensity |
53. |
A simple garden spray simulator |
54. |
A reciprocating garden sprayer |
55. |
The working principle of some rainfall simulators |
56. |
A manually-operated simulator from Kenya |
57. |
Relationship between intensity of rainfall and duration |
58. |
Average runoff in arid or semi-arid climates can be found
by plotting cumulative totals of measured rainfall against measured runoff |
59. |
Relationship between runoff and rainfall for various
values of S |
60. |
Relationship between rainfall and runoff using runoff
curves |
61. |
Alternative estimates of soil erosion in Africa |
62. |
Combined slope/length factor in the USLE |
63. |
Structure of SLEMSA |
64. |
Relationship between cover and soil loss |