2. National reporting tables

Table 3 National Reporting Tables

No.	Title of the Table	Unit of data	Global Variables (Number of Variables)
1	Extent of Forests	000 ha	Forests, Other Wooded Land, Other land with Trees, Other Land, Inland Water. (5)
2	Ownership	000 ha	Public, Private , Other or unspecified (3)
3	Designation	000 ha	Production Forests, Protective forests, Conservation Forests, Social Services Forests, Multiple Objective Forests, Protective other Wood Lands, Conservation Other Wooded Lands, Social Services Other Wooded lands, Multiple Objective Other Wooded Lands. (9)
4	Characteristics	000 ha	Primary Forests, Modified Forests, Semi-natural Forests, Productive Forest Plantation, Protective Forest Plantation, Primary “Other Wooded Land, Modified “Other Wooded Land”, Semi-natural “Other Wooded Land”, Protective “Other Wooded Land” Plantation. (9)
5	Forest Growing Stock	million Cubic M	Growing Stock, Commercial Growing Stock .(2)
6	Forest Biomass	million Metric T (Oven Dry )	Woody Biomass, Above Ground Tree Biomass, Below Ground Tree Biomass. (3)
7	Forest Carbon	million Metric T	Carbon in Woody Biomass, Carbon in Above Ground Tree Biomass, Carbon in Below Ground Tree Biomass, Soil Carbon (4)
8	Disturbances to Health and Vitality of Forests	000 ha	Forest Fires, Forest Insects, Forest Diseases. (3)
9	Forest Tree Species	Number	Inventoried Forest Tree Species, Endangered Forest Tree Species (2)
10	Forest Composition	million Cub M	Growing stock of each of the ten most frequent species and combined growing stock of the rest. (11)
11	Wood Removal	000 Cubic M	Industrial Round Wood, Wood Fuel. (2)
12	Value of Primary Wood Supply	National Currency	Value of Industrial Round Wood, Value of Wood Fuel. (2)
13	NWFP Removal	Metric T	NWFP removal under each of the 18 groups of NWFP (1)
14	Value of NWFP	National Currency	Value of NWFP supply under 18 groups of NWFP (1)
15	Sites for Social Functions	Number in 000	Sites for Social Function, Visitors. (2)
16	Employment through Primary Activities	Million Person Years	Employment through Industrial Round Wood Supply, Wood Fuel Supply, NWFP Collection, Silvicultural Activities, Other Primary Activities (5)

T1. Extent of Forests and Other Wooded Lands

The information on “extent of forests” is necessary for assessment of state and change in forest resources (including goods and services provided by forests) on a global basis. It helps to develop trends of expansion or deforestation of forests and review the sustainability of forests. It facilitates establishing links between national and global classification of extent of forests.

A. Global Classification and Definitions (FRA 2005)

Forest	Land under forestry or no land use, spanning more than 0.5 hectares; with trees higher than 5 meters and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ.
Other Wooded Land	Land under forestry or no land use, spanning more than 0.5 hectares; with trees higher than 5 meters and a canopy cover of 5-10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ; or with a combined cover of shrubs, bushes and trees above 10 percent.
Other Land with Tree Cover	The lands primarily not under forests having more than 0.5 hectares with a canopy cover of more than 10 percent of trees able to reach a height of 5 m at maturity. It includes trees outside forests.
Other Land	Land not classified as “forest”, “other wooded land” or “other land with tree cover”.
Inland Water bodies	Inland water bodies generally include major rivers and lakes.

Source: FAO. 2004. Terms and Definition FRA-2005. FRA Working paper 73. Rome

B. National Data Sources

Reference of the Source Information	Reliability* (H/M/L)	Variables	Years
Low, A.R. & Rebelo, A.G. 1996. Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. A companion to the vegetation map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Dept. of Environmental Affairs & Tourism, Pretoria.	Vegetation map	Woodlands; Natural Forest and Plantations	1996
C.M., Cawe, S.G. & Geldenhuys, C.J. 1999. Review of the definitions and classifications of South African indigenous forests and woodlands. Report ENV-P-C 99007, CSIR, Pretoria. 33 pp.	References	Woodlands and natural forests
Von Maltiz G. 2002. Classification System for South African Indigenous Forests Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.	National Land Cover Map	Natural Forests	1999
Willis, C. 2002 National woodland Classification. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.	National Land Cover Map	Woodlands	1999
Thompson, M.W. 1999. South African National Land-Cover Database Project. Data Users Manual. Final Report (Phases 1, 2 and 3). CSIR Report No. ENV/P/C 98136. 88 pp.	National Land Cover Map	Natural forests; Woodlands; Plantations	1999

(from previous)

Source	Reliability	Variable	Year
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 2000. Revised commercial timber resources and round wood processing in SA 1990/91 and commercial timber resources and round wood processing in SA 2000/01. Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Pretoria.	H	Plantations	Annual
National Forest Act. 1998. Government Gazette No.84, Republic of South Africa.
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 2002. National Forest Inventory	H	Natural Forest	2000
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. 2002. Unpublished state of the forest report for South Africa.	H	Natural Forest, woodlands, plantation and policy and legislation	Available information at he time of compiling
Department of Agriculture. 2001 Trends in the Agricultural Sector. Department of agriculture.	H		2001
Department of Environment Affairs. 1986/87. Annual Report: Cape & Transvaal Printers (Pty) Ltd, Cape Town for the Government Printer, Pretoria.	H	Commercial and indigenous forest statistics	1986/87
Le Roux, P.J. 1979. Supply of fuelwood for rural populations in South Africa. (Paper presented by G.N Wagener at the seventh meeting of the SARCCUS standing Committee for Forestry)	H	Fuelwood	1979
South African Journal of Science. February 2000. Vol. 96. National Research Council, Pretoria.	H	Land use area in South Africa	2000
Thompson, M. 1999. A standard land-cover classification scheme for remote sensing application in South Africa. Forestek. CSIR, Pretoria.	H	Forest definitions	2000
South African Journal of Science. February 2000. Vol. 96 of 2. National Research Council, Pretoria.	H

C. National Classification and Definitions

Definition of Forest and Woodlands	All wooded areas with greater than 10% tree canopy cover1, where the canopy is composed of mainly self-supporting single stemmed2, woody plants >5m in height. Essentially indigenous tree species3 growing under natural or semi-natural conditions (although it may include some localised areas of self-seeded exotic species. Excludes planted forests (and woodlots). Typically associated with Forests and Savannah biomes in South Africa.
Definition of Forest	Tree canopy>70%. A multi-strata community, with interlocking canopies, composed of canopy, sub canopy, shrub and herb layers
Definition of Woodland	Tree canopy cover between 40-70%. A closed-to-open canopy community, typically consisting of a single tree canopy layer and a herb (grass)layer
Definition of Wooded Grassland	Tree canopy cover between 10-40%. An open-to-sparse canopy community, typically consisting of a single tree canopy layer and a herb (grass layer)
Definition of Thicket, Bush land, scrub Forest and High Fynbos	Communities typically composed of tall, woody self-supporting, single and multi-stemmed plants (branching at or near ground), with, in most cases no clearly definable structure. Total canopy cover>10%, with canopy height between 2-5m.

(from previous)

Thickets	Areas of densely interlaced trees and shrub species (often forming an impenetrable community). Composed of multi-stemmed plants with no clearly definable structure or layers, with >70% cover. A typical example would be Valley Bushveld and tall Fynbos. Dense bush encroachment areas would included in this category
Definition of Bush land	Similar to “thicket, but more open in terms of canopy cover levels. Composed of multi-stemmed plants with no definable structure or layers, and with <70% cover. An example would be Mopane Bush.
Definition of Herb land	Communities dominated by low, non-woody, self-supporting, non-grass like plants, between 0.2-2m in height. Total tree cover <10%. Typical Vegetation examples are found in Namaqualand, and weed ‘dominated degraded areas.
Definition of Grassland	All area of grassland with less than 10% tree and/or shrub canopy cover, and greater than 0.1% total vegetation cover. Dominated by grass-like non-woody, rooted herbaceous plants. Typically associated with the Grassland and Savannah Biomass.
Definitions of Forest Plantations	All areas of systematically planted, man-managed tree resources composed of primarily exotic species (including hybrids). Category includes both young and mature plantations that have been established for commercial timber production, seedling trials, and woodlots/windbreaks of sufficient size to be identified on satellite imagery. Unless otherwise sated, Levels 1 & 2 includes clear felled stands within plantations. Excludes all non-timber based plantations such as tea and sisal, as well as orchards used in production of citrus or nut crops. Level 1 category will include associated land-cover/use such as roads, fire-breaks and building infrastructure if these are too small to be clearly mapped off the satellite imagery.
Definitions of wetlands	Natural or artificial areas where the water level is at (or very near the land surface) on a permanent or temporary basis, typically covered in either herbaceous or woody vegetation cover. The category includes fresh, brackish and salt water conditions.
Degraded Land	Permanent or seasonal man-induced areas of very low vegetation cover (i.e. removal of tree, bush and /or herbaceous cover) in comparison to the surrounding natural vegetation cover. Category includes major erosion scars (i.e. sheet and gully erosion) (included under agricultural land)
Definition of Cultivated Land	Areas of land that is ploughed and/or prepared for raising crops (excluding timber production). The category includes areas currently under crop, fallow land and land being prepared for planting
Others
Definitions of Water bodies	Areas of (generally permanent) open water. The category includes natural and man-made water bodies, which are either static or flowing, and fresh, brackish and salt water conditions
Definition of mines and quarries	Areas in which mining activity has been done or is being done. Includes opencast mines and quarries, as well as surface infrastructure, mine dumps etc, associated with underground mining activities.
Definitions of Barren Lands	Non-vegetated areas, or areas of very little vegetation cover (excluding agricultural fields with no crop cover, and open cast mines and quarries), where the substrate or soil exposure is clearly apparent.
Definition of Forest	Includes: (a) a natural forest, a woodland and a plantation; (b) the forest produce in it; (c) the ecosystem which it makes up.
Definition of a natural Forest	A group of indigenous trees whose crowns are largely contiguous: or which has been declared by the Minister to be a natural forest under section 7(2).

D. National Data

Table: National data for 1987

Name of variable	19874	19875	Reclassification National Classes (in ha)
Indigenous Forest	507,492	8,552,892	Forest and woodlands
Woodlands (1979)	32,422,152	24,376,752	Woodlands
Plantations	1,182,476	1,182,476	Plantations
Arable land	1,182,476	73,843,780	Agricultural land
Permanent	830,000	13,944,100	Other land
Permanent pasture	67,490,404	121,900,000	Total
Other land (1993)	18,285,000
Total land area	121,900,000

Table: National data for 2000

Name of variable	2000	Reclassification6 (in ha)	2000
Forest and Woodlands	7,460,300	Forest and woodlands	7,460,300
Thickets and bush land	21,524,800	Woodlands	21,524,800
Scrubland and low fynbos + grassland	44,999,940	Plantations	1,351,760
Herb land	244,600	Agriculture +urban built +wetlands	78,115,200
Forest plantation	1,351,760	Other land	13,847,940
Cultivated lands	14,920,600	Total	122,300,000
Degraded lands	6,115,000
Other land	25,683,000
Total	122,300,000

Data for the National Forestry Inventory was derived from different data sources. Field verification was done for most provinces except the Eastern Cape.

E. Calibration

National Classes	1987	2000
Forest and woodlands	8,567,205	7,448,344
Woodlands	24,417,5467	21,490,304
Plantations	1,184,455	1,349,594
Agriculture +urban built	73,967,358	77,990,011
Other land	13,967,435	13,825,747
Total	122,104,000	122,104,000

F. Estimation and Forecasting

	19908	2000	2005
Forest and woodlands	8,309,013	7,448,344	7,018,019
Woodlands	23,742,029	21,490,304	20,364,442
Plantations	1,184,455	1,349,594	1,413,104
Agricultural land +urban built	74,933,765	76,129,068	79,537,184
Other land	13,934,738	13,825,747	13,771,251
Total	122,104,000	122,104,000	122,104,000

G. Reclassification into FRA 2005 Classes

Table: Reclassification (percentage allocation) into FRA 2005 classes

Reclassification	Forest	Other wooded lands	Other lands with tree cover	Other lands	Inland Water
Forest and woodlands	100%
Woodlands		100%
Plantations	100%
Agricultural land +urban built			100%
Other land				99.96%	0.4%

H. National Information for FRA 2005 Global Tables

Table: Input to Global Reporting Table T1

FRA 2005 Classes (in ha)	1990	2000	2005
Forest	9,493,467	8,797,938	8,431,123
Other wooded land	23,742,029	21,490,304	20,364,442
Other wooded land with tree cover	74,933,765	77,990,011	80,025,148
Other land	13,446,773	13,337,782	12,795,322
Inland Water	487,965	487,965	487,965
Total	122,104,000	122,104,000	122,104,000

T2. Ownership of Forests and Other Wooded Lands

The information on “ownership” is important for policy, institutional and management purposes. It basically defines the boundaries and location of the authority and control over forest and tree resources.

A. Global Classification and Definitions (FRA 2005)

Public Ownership	The ownership of State (national, state and regional governments) or government-owned institutions or corporations or other public bodies including cities, municipalities, villages and communes.
Private Ownership	The right of “ownership” of “Forests” and “Other Wooded Lands” with individuals, families, private co-operatives, corporations, industries, religious and educational institutions, pension or investment funds, and other private institutions.
Other or Unspecified Ownership	The “Other” or “Unspecified ownership” is one that is not classified either as “public ownership” or as “private ownership”.

Source: FAO. 2004. Terms and Definition FRA-2005. FRA Working paper 73. Rome

B. National Data Sources

No data available

C. National Classification and Definitions

Table: National classification and definitions of Ownership

Definition of a “registered owner”
1998	means an owner as defined in section 102 of the Deeds Registries Act, 1937 (Act No.47 of 1937
Definition of state forest
1998	(i) State land, other than trust forests, acquired or reserved for forestry in terms of the Act or any previous legislation, unless it has been released under section 50 (3) , (ii) designated as demarcated State forests or similar designation in terms of any previous legislation, unless it was withdrawn from demarcation and is no longer used for forestry and trust forests This includes State plantation, State sawmills and State timber preservation plants, land controlled and managed by the Department for research purpose or tree nursery, State land set aside by previous legislation for the prevention of soil erosion or sand drift and area referred to in this paragraph whereby the ownership or control of which is transferred to a person or organ of State contemplated in Section 53(2)(g) (i)
Prior 1998	State conservation areas and indigenous state forests
Definition of Private ownership
1998	A registered owner as defined in section 102 of the Deeds Registered Owner and who is not State” nor communal”
Prior 1999	Private individuals and companies, as well as urban land
Definition of Communal ownership
Prior 1999	Areas previously within homelands

D. National Data

National Class (in ha)	State		Private		Communal
	1986/87	2000	1986/87	2000	1986/87	2000
Forest	507,4969	287,845	0	120,901	?	124,923
Woodlands	5 270,78410	6,956,152	2,067,57411	20,813,568	?	1,532,596
Plantations	332,860	380,663	849,616	971,099	?

E. Calibration

National Class (in ha)	State ownership		Private Ownership		Communal ownership
	1986/87	2000	1986/87	2000	1986/87	2000
Forest	508,343	287,384	0	124,722.8	?	120,707.2
Woodlands	5,279,605	6 945,004	2,071,034	20,780,212.0	?	1,530,140.0
Plantations	333,417	380,663	851,038	971,098.0	?

F. Estimation and Forecasting

	1986/87		2000
	Public	Private	Public	Private
Forest	508,345	0	408,746	124,923
Woodlands	8,475,14412	20,780,212	8,475,14413	20,780,212
Plantations	343,161	952,370	343,161	971,098

G. Reclassification into FRA 2005 Classes

Table: Reclassification (Percentage allocation) into FRA 2005 classes

	Public ownership14	Private Ownership15
Forest	79%	21%
Woodlands	30%	70%
Plantations	28%	72%

H. National Information for FRA 2005 Global Tables

Table: Input for Global Reporting Table 2

Ownership	Area in 000 ha
	1990		2000
	Forest	OWL	Forest	OWL
1. Under Public Ownership	7,457	7,122	6,686	6,447
2. Under Private Ownership	2,035	16 619	2 ,111	15,043
Total	9,493	23,742	8,797	21,490

T3. Designation of Forests and Other Wooded Lands

The information on “designation” or current management objective is essential for development of efficient planning, design and assessment of cross-sect oral impacts, and implementation of forest policy. The “designation” defines boundaries for planned interference in context of the conditions in which “Forests” and “Other Wooded land” reside.

A. Global Classification and Definitions (FRA 2005)

Protective Forest	Forests where service of protection to soil and water is the predominant management objective.
Conservation Forest	The “Forests” with predominant management objective of “conservation of biodiversity”.
Social Services Forest	The “forests” where provision of social services (recreation, spiritual, and cultural) is the predominant management objective.
Multiple Objective Forest	The “forests” where a combination of production of goods, protection of soil and water, conservation of biodiversity and provision of social services is the predominant management objective.
Protective “Other Wooded Lands”	The “Other Wooded Land” with predominant management objective of providing service of protection to soil and water.
Conservation “Other Wooded lands	The “Other Wooded Lands” with predominant management objective of “conservation of biodiversity”.
Social Service “Other Wooded lands”	The “Other Wooded Land” with predominant management objective of providing social services (recreation, spiritual, and cultural).
Multiple Objective “Other Wooded lands”	The “Other Wooded Land” where a combination of production of goods, protection of soil and water, conservation of biodiversity and provision of social services is the predominant management objective.

Source: FAO. 2004. Terms and Definition FRA-2005. FRA Working paper 73. Rome

B. National data Sources

Source	Reliability	For	Year
Bailey et al. 1999. Guide to and summary of the meta database pertaining to selected attributes of South African Indigenous Forest and Woodlands, Department of water Affairs and Forestry unpublished report, South Africa.	Reliable	Designation for woodlands	1999
Vermeulen, W.J. 1999. Management classification of Southern cape and Tsitsikama forest, South Africa.	Reliable	Classification of forest	1999

C. National Classification and Definitions

There are no national classification and definition. The definitions used nationally, are the same as IUCN (below).

Category I: Strict nature reserves/ Wilderness areas (Scientific Reserves)	Protected area managed mainly for science or wilderness protection. A scientific reserve is an area of land and/ or sea possessing some outstanding or representative ecosystems, natural features and/ or species of flora and/ or fauna and/ or cultural resources of scientific importance, available primarily for scientific research and/ or environmental monitoring (IUCN, 1994). They often contain fragile ecosystems or life forms, areas of important biological or geological diversity, or areas of particular importance to the conservation of genetic resources. Public access is generally not permitted. Natural processes are allowed to take place in the absence of any direct human interference, tourism and recreation (FRA 2000). A wilderness area is a large area of unmodified land, or land and water, retaining its natural character and influence, without permanent physical structures or significant habitation, which is protected and managed to preserve its natural conditions. The area may contain ecological, geological, cultural or other features of scientific, educational, scenic or historic value (IUCN, 1994).
Category II: National Parks and equivalent reserves	Protected area managed mainly for ecosystem protection and recreation. A national park or equivalent reserve is a relatively large, outstanding natural area of land and/ or sea designated to protect the ecological integrity of one or more ecosystems for this and future generations to exclude exploitation or intensive occupation of the area and to provide a foundation for spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational and cultural opportunities for visitors (IUCN, 1994).
Category III: Natural monument and areas of cultural significance	Protected area managed mainly for conservation of specific natural features. A natural feature or a feature of cultural significance or both or an area of outstanding or unique scenic, scientific, educational or inspirational value (IUCN, 1994). This category normally contains one or more natural features of outstanding national interest being protected because of their uniqueness or rarity. The areas should be managed to remain relatively free of human disturbance, although they may have recreational and touristy value (FRA 2000).
Category IV: Habitat and Wildlife management areas	Protected area managed mainly for conservation through management intervention. The areas covered may consist of nesting areas of colonial bird species, marshes or lakes, estuaries, forest or grassland habitats, or fish spawing or sea grass feeding beds for marine animals. The production of harvestable renewable resources may play a secondary role in the management of the area (FRA 2000). Habitat and wildlife management areas are subject to human intervention, based on research into the requirements of specific species for nesting, feeding and survival. Maintaining sustainable plant population as well as protecting rare and threatened species, is an integral function (IUCN, 1994).
Category V: Protected landscape/ seascapes	Protected areas managed mainly for landscape/seascape conservation and recreation. The diversity of areas falling into this category is very large (FRA 2000). Areas which are a product of the harmonious interaction of people and nature. They may demonstrate cultural manifestations such as customs, beliefs, social organization or material traits as reflected in use patterns. These areas are often scenically attractive or aesthetically unique patterns of human settlement. Traditional practices associated with agriculture, grazing or fishing are evident (IUCN, 1994).
Category VI: Sustainable use area/Managed resource protection area	Protected area managed mainly for the sustainable use of natural ecosystems. These areas normally cover extensive and relatively isolated and uninhabited areas having difficult access, or regions that are relatively sparsely populated but are under considerable pressure for colonization or greater utilization (FRA 2000). It is a predominantly natural area and/ or sea, designated and managed to ensure the long-term protection and maintenance of its biological diversity, while providing a sustainable flow of natural products (IUCN, 1994).

D. National Data¹⁶

National Class (in ha)	1986/87
Production Forest (natural forest in Knysna)17	45,868
(Production Forest )Plantations	1,184,455
Nature reserves/wilderness areas	112,727
Conservation forest	258,441
Nature conservation under state control	4,651,905
Private area with conservation purpose	2,067,574
Unknown	1,414,398
Total all forest and woodlands	9,735,368
Multi-purpose area	1,198,879
Unknown	2,321,661
Total woodlands	24,376,752

Table: Designation in 2000

National classes (in ha)	2000
(Production Forest) natural forest (Knysna)	35,706
(Production Forest) Plantations	1,349,594
Nature reserves/wilderness areas	112,727
Conservation forest	258,441
Category I: Strict nature reserves	3,257,214
Category II: National Parks and equivalent	2,875,434
Category III: Natural monument and areas of cultural significance	76,080
Category IV: Habitat and Wildlife Management	757,596
Category V: Protected landscape/seascape	0
Category VI: Sustainable use area/Managed resource protection area	75,146
Total Forest and Woodlands	8,797,938
Total woodlands	21,490,304

E. Calibration

Table: Calibration for 1987 (in ha)

1987	Area in ha
Production Forest(Knysna)18	45,945
Production Forest(Plantation)	1,186,437
Nature reserves	112,916
Wilderness area	258,874
Nature conservation under state control	4,659,690
Private area with conservation purpose	2,071,034
Unknown	1,412,131
Total all forest and woodlands	9,747,026
Other wooded lands
Multi-purpose area	24,417,546

Table: Calibration for 2000 (in ha)

2000	Area in ha
Production Forest (Knysna)	35,649
Production Forest (Plantations)	1,347,431
Nature reserves	112,916
Wilderness area	258,874
Other wooded lands
Category I: Strict nature reserves	3,257,214
Category II: National Parks and equivalent	2,875,434
Category III: Natural monument and areas of cultural significance	76,080
Category IV: Habitat and Wildlife Management	756,382
Category VI: Sustainable use area/Managed resource protection area	75,146
Total Forest and Woodlands	8,797,938
Total woodlands	21,455,863

G. Reclassification into FRA 2005 Classes

Table: Reclassification (percentage allocation) into FRA 2005 classes

Designation	Production Forest	Protective Forest	Conservation forest	Multiple Objective forest
Natural forest (Knysna)	26%	46%	28%	0.30%
Plantations	100%
Nature reserves/wilderness areas			70%	30%
National parks and equivalent			60%	40%
Natural monument and areas of cultural significance			20%	80%
Habitat and wildlife Management			10%	90%
Sustainable use area				100%
Unknown

H. National Information for FRA 2005 Global Tables

Table: Reclassification of 1987 National Classes into GFRA

National class 1987 (in ha)	Production Forest	Protective Forest	Conservation forest	Multiple Objective forest
Production Forest	1,1945.7	21,134.7	12,864.6	137.835
Plantation	1,186437
nature reserves(State forest)			79,041.2	45,166.4
Wilderness area(State Forest)			181,211.8	77,662.2
Nature conservation under state control			3,261,783	1,397,907
Private area with conservation purpose			1,242,620.4	828,413.6
Unknown status of Forests				1,412,131
Sustainable use				24,417,546
Total	1,198,382.7	21,134.7	4,777,521	2,349,287.035

Table: Reclassification of 2000 National Classes into GFRA

National Classes 2000	Production Forest	Protective Forest	Conservation forest	Multiple Objective forest
Production Forest	9,268.74	16,398.54	9,981.72	106.947
Plantation	1,347,431
nature reserves(State forest)			79,041.2	33,874.8
Wilderness area(State Forest)			181,211.8	77,662.2
Strict Nature reserves (OWL)			2,280,049.8	977,164.2
National parks and equivalent			1,725,260.4	1,150,173.6
Natural monument and areas of cultural significance			15,216	60,864
Habitat and wildlife Management			75,638.2	680,743.8
Sustainable use				75,146
Unknown
Total	1,356,699.74	16,398.54	4,366,399.12	3,055,735.547

Table: Transformation into GFRA Tables

GFRA Classes	1990	2000	2005
Production Forest	1,198,382.7	1,356,699.74	1,435,850.24
Protective Forest	21,134.7	16,398.54	14,022.44
Conservation forest	4,777,521	4,366,399.12	4,160,834.17
Multiple Objective forest	3,761,418.035	3,055,735.55	2,702,891.9
Total Forest and woodlands	9,758,456.435	8,795,232.95	8,313,598.75
Unknown status OWL	23,734,079.16	21,455,863	20,316,746.9

T4. Characteristics of Forests and Other Wooded Lands

The information on “forest characteristics” is essential for development of appropriate efficient silvicultural and management practices to ensure and promote sustainability of forest resources. These practices will define the future structure and composition of forest resources and their ability to provide goods and services.

A. Global Classification and Definitions (FRA 2005)

Primary Forests	Forests of native species, where ecological processes are undisturbed by human activities. Forest management plan may or may not exist.
Modified Natural Forests	Forests of native species or naturally regenerating introduced species, where ecological processes have been disturbed by human activities and it includes forests established through natural and or assisted natural regeneration. Forest management plan may or may not exist
Semi-Natural Forests	The “Forests” of native species or naturally regenerating introduced species established through natural or assisted natural regeneration. The forests are under intensive forest management.
Production Plantations in Forests	The “Forests” of “introduced species”, established through planting or seeding mainly for production of wood or non wood goods.
Protective Plantation in Forests	The “Forests” of introduced species, established through planting or seeding mainly for provision of forest services, e.g. soil and water conservation, pest control, and conservation of (habitat) biological diversity.
Primary “Other Wooded Land”	The “Other Wooded lands” of native species, where ecological processes are undisturbed by human activities. Forest management plan may or may not exist.
Modified “Other Wooded Land”	The “Other Wooded land” of native species or naturally regenerating introduced species, where ecological processes have been disturbed by human activities and it includes “Other Wooded Land” established through natural and or assisted natural regeneration.
Semi-Natural “Other Wooded Land”	The “Other Wooded Land” of native species or naturally regenerating introduced species established through natural or assisted natural regeneration. Such “Other wooded lands” are under intensive management although a formal management plan may or may not exist.
Protective Plantation in “Other Wooded Lands”	The “Other Wooded Lands” of “introduced species”, established through planting or seeding mainly to provide service of protection to soil and water resources.

Source: FAO. 2004. Terms and Definition FRA-2005. FRA Working paper 73. Rome

B. National Data Sources

As in T1

C. National Classification and Definitions

No appropriate national definition exist, especially for indigenous forest however, in order to fill in this table, some correlation between some of the national definition as defined under the national classification system by the CSIR and the GFRA definitions was done.

FRA 2005 classes	Assumption	Definitions
Primary Forest	Nature reserves and Wilderness areas	Same as in T3
Semi-Natural forest	Forest and Woodlands	As in T1
Production Plantations in forest	Plantations	As in T1
Protective plantations in Forest	Special Management Zones	Riparian areas which are kept clear of weeds and managed as Special Management Zones - no trees are planted in them and they are managed for the conservation of water and biodiversity19
Primary Other wooded land	Strict nature reserves / Wilderness areas (Scientific Reserves) for woodlands	As in T3
	Thicket, Bush land, Scrub forest and high fynbos	As in T1

D. National Data

National Classes (in ha)	1987	2000
Nature reserves	112,727	112,72720
Wilderness area	258,441	258,44121
Forest and woodland	8,134,315	7,039,278
Plantations	1,182,476	1,351,760
Total Forest	9,735,368	8,812,060
Strict nature reserves	3,710,722	3,271,336
Thickets, Bush land, scrub forest and high fynbos	20,666,029	18,218,968
Total woodlands	24,376,752	21,490,304

E. Calibration

National Classes (in ha)	1987	2000
Nature reserves	112,727	112,727
Wilderness area	258,441	258,441
Forest and Woodland	8,134,315	7,072,840
Plantations in forest	1,183,309	1,353,930
Total Forest	9,719,103	8,826,205
Strict nature reserves	3,704,522	3,276,587
Thickets, Bush land, scrub forest and high fynbos	20,631,503	18,248,213
Total woodlands	24,336,025	21,524,800

F. Estimation and Forecasting

National Classes (in ha)	1990	2000	2005
Nature reserves	112,727	112,727	112,727
Wilderness areas	258,441	258,441	258,441
Forest and Woodlands	8,134,315	7,072,840	6,690,996
Plantations	1,220,516	1,353,930	1,420,627
Total Forest	9,493,468	8,797,938	8,482,791
Strict nature reserves22	3,605,768	3,276,587	3,111,996
Thickets, Bush land, scrub forest and high fynbos	20,081,509	18,248,213	17,331,559
Total woodlands	23,687,277	21,524,800	20,443,555

G. Reclassification into FRA 2005 Classes

Table: Reclassification (Percentage allocation) into FRA 2005 classes

National Classes	Primary Forest	Semi-nat. Forest	Production Plantations	Primary OWL	Semi-nat. OWL
Strict nature reserves/wilderness area	100%
Conservation Woodlands				100%
Plantations in forest			100%
Thickets, Bush land, scrub forest and high fynbos					100%

H. National Information for FRA 2005 Global Tables

National Classes (in ha)	1990	2000	2005
Primary Forest	371,168	371,168	371,168
Primary other wooded land	8,225,012	7,394,074	7,011,218
Production Plantation	1,220,516	1,353,930	1,420,627
Total Forest	9,493,468	8,797,793	8,482,791
Semi-natural Other wooded lands	23,687,277	21,524,800	20,443,555

¹ Canopy cover refers in all cases to projected canopy cover.
² Or a few definitive trunks branching above ground level.
³ Indigenous refers to all cases to plant species that occur naturally within southern Africa.
⁴ Annual Report (DEAT).
⁵ 1987 reclassified according to CSIR definitions.
⁶ CSIR data slightly reorganised to summarise agricultural data and other land.
⁷ Estimation obtained from Le Roux paper in 1979.
⁸ Estimation obtained from 1986/87 DEAT annual report and FAO year book.
⁹ Figure includes State forest nature reserves 112,727 ha and Wilderness areas = 258,441 ha.
¹⁰ Department of Environment annual report: protected areas in South Africa fig. 3, mountain catchments areas excluded.
¹¹ Private areas.
¹² Estimates.
¹³ Figure includes woodlands under communal areas =1532596 ha.
¹⁴ Percentage derived from unpublished state of the forest report in South Africa.
¹⁵ Percentage derived from unpublished state of the forest report in South Africa.
¹⁶ Figures includes total area protected
¹⁷ Timber production 9,271ha; Protection 16,033 ha; Nature reserve 9,879 ha; recreation 127 ha, research 441 ha (figures from Vermeulen, W.J. 1999.)
¹⁸ Annual report DEAT 1986/87.
¹⁹ Forest South Africa expert opinion 500,000 to 600,000 hectares of land which, by law, cannot be planted (in terms of planting permits conditions).
²⁰ Assuming no change in status.
²¹ Same as footnote 20.
²² Percentage from Bailey Report.