TURKEY
There are presently two associations in the field of aquaculture in Turkey. one of them is situated in Izmir on the Aegean coast and gathers mostly the scholars dealing with this subject. The other one is the“Association of the Aqua-product Breeders of the Aegean Region” which is situated in Bodrum again on the Aegean coast and gathers mostly the on-growers of sea-bass and sea-bream. Besides, salmon farmers of the Black sea region and trout farmers are also planning to establish associations.
The mentioned association in Bodrum, which presently comprises of the real breeders was founded in 1988. It has a membership of 56 individuals who represent 25 companies. Among those, one company is running a hatchery and two are conducting trial operations at their newly constructed hatcheries. Other than them, three more members are planning to establish hatcheries.
Aims of the mentioned Association are :
to assist in solution of the problems encountered by the establishments which produce aqua-products in marine environment and inland waters and to conduct necessary activities to develop and expand aquaculture on the country scale.
for that aim;
to assist in providing high quality equipment, materiel, feed medicine, on grown fish, fry and eggs for the farmers.
to conduct activities for he solution of the problems encountered by the farmers in marketing their products.
to organise at home and abroad educational activities, seminars, courses and trips to enhance the level of knowledge and experience of the farmers.
It can not be said that this recently-formed association has totally fulfilled its aims. But the fast development of the aquaculture sector helps to increase the influence of the Association.
The most important problems of the Association at present are :
a problem of providing fry : collecting of fry from the nature is a problem which is negotiated with the Ministerial authorities every year to reach a solution and this process of annual negotiations has gained a continuous character;
speculative accusations by the tourism sector of polluting the environment. Delivery to us of the FAO studies in this field would be mostly helpful for us.
Occasional inadequacy of legislation due to the youngness of the sector.
ALGERIE
L'aquaculture en Algérie est composée par :
Un secteur public représenté par l'ONDPA (Office National de Développement et de Production Aquacole) qui est une entreprise publique économique autonome depuis 1991 et qui dispose de 2 unités de production :
unité aquacole qui pratique la pisciculture extensive au niveau des plans d'eau, suite aux opérations de repeuplement de ces derniers par des alevins de carpes chinoises en 1985 et 1986. Les résultats obtenus sont satisfaisants aussi bien du point de vue croissance du cheptel que de la commercialisation où le produit est apprécié par le consommateur;
unité aquacole d'Elkala : qui exploite les plans d'eau naturels lac Mellah (eau saumâtre), lac Oubeira (eau douce) et pratique la conchyliculture;
les projets de l'ONDPA :
Au niveau du lac Mellah une écloserie pour la production du loup et la daurade et la mise en place des tables conchylicoles sont en cours d'études à savoir :
- la réalisation d'une ferme marine à cap Ojmet;
- la réalisation de 2 fermes pour l'élevage de poisson d'eau douce;
- la marinisation de l'unité Mazafran.
Un secteur privé où malgré le grand intérêt manifesté par des promoteurs pour lancer des projets aquacoles, seul un privé est opérationnel effectivement et son projet porte sur la myticulture en mer ouverte. Beaucoup de demandes parviennent à l'administration concernée en l'occurrence l'ANDP (Agence Nationale de Développement des Pêches) pour solliciter des autorisations et malgré l'accord qui a été accordé pour certains, vu les contraintes administratives (concessions des terrains) et financières leurs projets sont restés au stade de départ.
Associations et coopératives :
Actuellement il n'existe pas d'associations et de coopératives opérationnelles. Cependant, un projet de mise en place d'une association des aquaculteurs est en vue dont la première réunion est prévue au courant du mois d'Ocrobre 1992. Il y a lieu de noter que dans le cadre de la mise en place des sous réseaux initiés par MEDRAP II au cours de l'année 1992, des réunions se sont déroulées et ont regroupé les parties concernées où des leaders ont été désignés, dont l'ONDPA retenu pour le sousréseau production.
Nous souhaiterions renforcer ces sous-réseaux dans le cadre de la mise en place de l'association des aquaculteurs qui pourra jouer un rôle dans la mise en place d'un plan directeur de développement de l'aquaculture en Algérie et surtout dans la coopération entre les pays de la sous-règion du Maghreb.
MALTA
Production Network
Producers' Association
Aquaculture in Malta started in 1989 with emphasis being placed on exposed site installations. All activities are co-ordinated by the National Aquaculture Centre established by the government in 1988.
In 1992 at total of around 370 tonnes of sea bass and sea bream will be produced exclusively for export. Because of the small number of units the opportunity to form an association of producers has not yet arisen. Although, the need to co-ordinate certain activities is already being felt.
It is hoped that with the increase in the number of units a national body or federation will be set up in the near future.
CROATIA
Annual production of freshwater fish in Croatia is about 12.000 t, mainly common carp and other carp species. Governmental and private companies existed, but all of them going to be private this year. Association of the producers existed before the war, and now is on the way to be organised again.
Production of marine fish was in 1992, 650t, mainly sea bass and only of sea bream. Two main producing companies, “Cenmar” (Zadar) and “Marimirna” (Povky) produce about 80% of total Croatian production. They were in public sector, as a part of self-management system. Now they operate without any governmental contribution, and they are going to be private till the end of 1992. Few small private companies produced about 35t of sea bass. They are few private programs to be developed;
Animal fingerling production was in 1992, only 3 millions, because of war situation. Usually production is more than 5 millions. Two big hatcheries exist (Cenmar-Zadar and “Marimirna” - Poviry) and one in the research institution (IOM - Split), without significant production (about 100.000 fingerlings).
Croatia produce 1500t of mussels. The biggest producers (Marimirna and Dalmacijabilye) will be privatised till the end of 1992. the same companies produce about 300t oyster per year. Lot of private small companies exist in the mussels production.
Producers of the marine organisms in Croatia are not organised, but some initiatives were done this year.
ALBANIA
Albania has intensive production of about 950 t of freshwater fishes: 600 t of different carp species and 350 t of trout.
Semi-intensive production was in 1990 about 800 t of different carp species.
Most of the companies are in governmental propriety, but some of them are going to be privatised.
Some joint-venture project with Italian, and Greek companies for cage culture and fingerling production of sea bream and for crustacean are in preparing. Association of the fresh water producers does not exist.
On the coast line extensive production of the marine fishes in the lagoons is 800 T: in the private co-operatives.
Production of the mussels varied from 2000 – 4500 t in the last few year in the BUTRINT lagoon. (south Albania).
Association of the producers does not exist.
CYPRUS
Cyprus has developed aquaculture in the fish recent years in fresh and marine waters. fresh water for trout and koi-carp and marine for sea bream and sea bass. The development of aquaculture is carried out by the private sector. The Fisheries department, which comes under the Ministry of Agriculture and National Research is the infrastructure of aquaculture in our country.
Last year fish farmers and personnel of the farms come together and decided that it was necessary to get organised and have a voice in our economy. Due to conflicts of interest on some issues it was decided to established two organisations;
PANCYPRIAN AQUACULTURE SOCIETY
CYPRUS AQUACULTURE SOCIETY.
Members of the association will be the investors in aquaculture while members of the society will be the personnel of fish farms scientists and anybody who is interested in aquaculture.
Both organisations will work side by side for mutual benefit, to solve problems and promote aquaculture image in co-operation with the Cyprus government.
We hope that soon the legal formation of both organisations will be finalised.
For the time being both organisations are presented by temporary representatives in the National Committee for Aquaculture Development.
