FAO/GIEWS: Africa Report 10/96

KENYA

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Area: 569 000 sq.km
Climate: North-east is semi-arid to arid; mountainous central and south-western areas have two rainy seasons (March-May and November-December)
Population: 27.34 million (1995 estimate), GNP per caput U.S.$ 250 (1994)
Specific characteristics of the country: Low-income food-deficit country; regular importer and occasional exporter of grain.
Logistics: Good port (Mombasa) and extensive rail and road network. Gateway to Burundi, Rwanda and Uganda
Major foodcrops: Maize, wheat, pulses, roots and tubers
Marketing year: October/September
Lean season: June-July
Share of cereals in total calorie intake: 56 percent

CURRENT SITUATION

Normal to above-normal rains in July and the first dekad of August in main maize growing areas continued to improve growing conditions for the 1996/97 maize and wheat crops. However, the area planted is estimated to have decreased in response to a fall in output prices, increased costs of fertilizers and irregular rains at planting time. As a result, the output of maize is forecast to decline from last year’s production. By contrast, production of the minor wheat crop is expected to increase substantially reflecting favourable weather so far and record planting in response to high producer prices and diversion of land from barley.

The food supply situation has tightened following the export of 400 000 tons of maize earlier in the year. Prices of maize in most urban markets have increased in the past two months. Imports of 200 000 tons are estimated to be necessary to cover normal consumption requirements until the next harvest in October.

In the Eastern Province, where cereal and pulse crops have already been harvested, production was sharply reduced by adverse weather. The previous "short rains" was also reduced and the food supply situation is difficult. The Government has started a limited food distribution programme to assist the affected population. In northwestern pastoral areas rains in past months, considerably improved pasture and livestock conditions previously affected by prolonged dry weather. However, the rains were too late to avoid livestock losses and food assistance is also required in these areas. An FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission is scheduled to visit the country in October/November.