References cited in the foregoing table
Intake of Carbohydrate and its Components, Individual Countries by Continent Since 1980
Country |
Year |
n |
Energy kcal |
Carbohydrate g % energy |
g |
Starch % energy |
g |
Sugars % energy | |
Africa - adults | |||||||||
Malawi (1) |
1997 |
141 |
1457 |
287 |
78.7 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Nigeria (2) |
1987 |
67 |
2540 |
324 |
51.0 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
South Africa-black (3) |
(1995) |
61 |
1969 |
278 |
57.2 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
South Africa- black (4) |
1990 |
649 |
1665 |
228 |
55.7 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
So. Africa - coloured (5) |
1990 |
976 |
1981 |
224 |
45.2 |
147 |
29.7 |
77 |
15.6 |
Zimbabwe -white (6) |
1985 |
99 |
2226 |
217 |
39.0 |
113 |
20.3 |
53* |
9.5* |
Zim. - black urban (6) |
1985 |
91 |
2345 |
287 |
49.0 |
186 |
31.7 |
62* |
10.6* |
Zim. - black rural (6) |
1985 |
49 |
2590 |
351 |
54.2 |
260 |
40.2 |
60* |
9.2* |
Africa -children | |||||||||
South Africa (7) |
1982 |
843 |
2058 |
262 |
50.9 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Asia - adults | |||||||||
Bangladesh (8) |
1981-82 |
3141 |
1943 |
431 |
88.7 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
China (9) |
1982 |
103,662 |
2963 |
514 |
69.4 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
China (10) |
1983-84 |
6500 |
2650 |
473 |
71.4 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
China (11) |
1992 |
3682 |
2396 |
355 |
59.3 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
India (12) |
1983-84 |
563 |
2093 |
301 |
57.5 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Philippines (13) |
1985 |
400 |
1767 |
300 |
67.9 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Vietnam (14) |
1988 |
7462 |
1998 |
407 |
81.5 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Asia - children | |||||||||
China (10) |
1982 |
63,343 |
- |
368 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Europe -adults | |||||||||
Belgium (15) |
1980-85 |
10,971 |
2473 |
240 |
38.9 |
144 |
23.3 |
97 |
15.7 |
France (16) |
1988 |
25 |
1969 |
209 |
42.5 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Hungary (17) |
1990-92 |
2559 |
2799 |
314 |
44.9 |
207 |
296 |
107 |
15.3 |
Netherlands (18) |
1987-88 |
4134 |
2309 |
244 |
42.2 |
122 |
21.1 |
119 |
20.6 |
Netherlands (19) |
(1990) |
107 |
2221 |
228 |
41.1 |
116 |
20.9 |
112 |
20.2 |
UK (20) |
1986-87 |
2197 |
2061 |
232 |
42.3 |
130 |
252 |
100 |
19.4 |
Europe - children | |||||||||
Netherlands (18) |
1987-88 |
1409 |
2256 |
271 |
48.0 |
121 |
21.5 |
148 |
26.2 |
UK (21) |
1980 |
405 |
2050 |
261 |
50.9 |
144 |
28.1 |
117 |
22.8 |
UK (22) |
1981 |
120 |
2190 |
280 |
51 1 |
158 |
28.9 |
122 |
22.3 |
UK (23) |
1986-87 |
4760 |
2369 |
278 |
46.9 |
154 |
26.0 |
124 |
20.9 |
UK (21) |
1990 |
379 |
2015 |
258 |
51.2 |
139 |
27.6 |
119 |
23.6 |
Latin America - adults | |||||||||
Chile (36) |
1995 |
859 |
1981 |
287 |
58.0 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
North America - adults | |||||||||
Canada (24) |
1989 |
96 |
2053 |
269 |
52.2 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Canada (25) |
1989 |
2212 |
2070 |
244 |
47.1 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Canada (37) |
1990 |
2118 |
2196 |
262 |
47.7 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
USA (26) |
(1984) |
155 |
2570 |
240 |
37.4 |
105 |
16.3 |
35* |
5.5* |
USA (27) |
1976-80 |
11864 |
1882 |
254 |
54.0 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
USA (27) |
1988-91 |
7931 |
2109 |
244 |
46.3 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
North America - children | |||||||||
USA (28) |
1988 |
1463 |
1613 |
202 |
50.1 |
104 |
25.8 |
99 |
246 |
USA (27) |
1976-80 |
8102 |
1830 |
227 |
49.6 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
USA (27) |
1988-91 |
5999 |
1806 |
238 |
52.7 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Oceania - adults | |||||||||
Australia (29) |
1983 |
6255 |
2190 |
232 |
42.4 |
125 |
22.8 |
107 |
19.5 |
New Zealand (30) |
1992 |
- |
2105 |
233 |
44.3 |
- |
- |
101 |
19.2 |
Papua New Guinea (31) |
1991 |
750 |
2628 |
406 |
61.8 |
349 |
53.1 |
57 |
8.7 |
Solomon Islands (32) |
1985 |
1071 |
2508 |
442 |
70.5 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Oceania - children | |||||||||
Australia (33) |
1985 |
5224 |
2049 |
259 |
50.6 |
129 |
25.2 |
130 |
25.4 |
Australia (34) |
1986 |
141 |
1666 |
208 |
49.9 |
99 |
23.8 |
108 |
25.9 |
New Zealand (35) |
1993 |
251 |
1946 |
263 |
54.0 |
130 |
26.7 |
133 |
27.3 |
* sucrose onlyNote: Most countries in Africa, Asia, and North America calculate carbohydrate 'by difference'. Most countries in Europe and Oceania analyse carbohydrate directly. Values for Europe and Oceania therefore do not contain unavailable carbohydrate, while values for Africa, Asia and North America do. Method of deriving carbohydrate is rarely given
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