Annex I: A global agenda for livestock research: an ILRI consultation
Annex II: WAAP/FAO International symposium on the supply of livestock products to rapidly expanding urban populations
List of participants
Introduction
Objectives
Participation
Programme
Summary of regional working group reports
Summary of common research themes
The International Livestock Research Institute held a Consultation on "A global agenda for livestock research" in Nairobi, Kenya from 18-20 January 1995.
ILRI faces major challenges in a changing CGIAR framework. It needs to generate a coherent research programme from the two disparate ones of the former International Livestock Centre for Africa and the International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases. It must develop, concurrently, a global agenda for research and put in place a systemwide livestock research programme in collaboration with multiple partners. The timetable for establishing these programmes is constrained by structural adjustments and programme timing in the CGIAR itself.
The Consultation was part of a continuing process within which ILRI will need to choose the most appropriate research areas for its involvement. In doing this it will need to take account of its own comparative advantage, its limited resources and the requirement for developing research collaboration with future regional and national partners.
The objectives of the Consultation were to:
· identify priority needs for improved livestock productivity and the development and establishment of sustainable production systems in the developing regions;· identify cross-regional priorities, major constraints, and researchable areas and issues in livestock production most likely to bring direct benefits and impacts; and
· assist to identify participants and planning for future regional research workshops.
The Consultation was attended by 30 persons from 25 countries from all the developing regions (Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, sub-Saharan Africa and West Asia and North Africa) of interest to the CGIAR.
Participants were invited in their individual capacities but represented experience from many national programmes and 11 international agricultural research centres and donor communities
The programme was divided into four sessions.
Session I
Following welcome remarks and an opening address two reports were presented:
· "Livestock and environment initiative" (H Blackburn, USA)
· "Ecoregional analysis of livestock production systems" (A W Qureshi, FAO)
These two reports were then discussed and this was followed by an introduction to the separate regional group meetings.
Session II
This session comprised presentation of regional papers and the discussions held on them.
· South Asia (K Singh) and Southeast and East Asia (C Devendra)
· Latin America and the Caribbean (M E Ruiz)
· Sub-Saharan Africa (W Masiga)
· West Asia and North Africa (A Sidahmed)
Session III
Substantive discussion of major themes and research dimensions by the four separate regions were the subject of this session.
Session IV
The final plenary session comprised presentation of individual group reports, a final discussion, arrival at a consensus and drafting of conclusions.
Asia
There is a need for separate research foci on two priority agroecological zones: the humid and subhumid and the arid and semiarid zones. These broadly correspond to Southeast Asia and Indochina for the first and South Asia for the second. Parts of China and Mongolia fit one or other zone. Six areas for future research were identified (Table 1).
Latin America and the Caribbean
Particular attention was given to the tropical subhumid and humid zone (including hillsides, lowlands and forest margins), the High Andes and the Caribbean and southern part of the continent. A total of 12 researchable areas was identified with five being considered key themes (Table 1).
Sub-Saharan Africa
This developing area was considered to comprise the arid, semiarid, subhumid and humid zones. Seven major themes were identified as priorities for research (Table 1) although priority was considered to vary with the severity of the various constraints within each of the zones.
West Asia and North Africa
The region includes extensive range production systems and mixed systems with some irrigation. Major constraints are lack of land and water and very high population growth rates. The possible extension of the region to include the steppes of Central Asia and part of Mongolia was recognized. Six priority areas for research (Table 1) were identified.
Table 1 Priority research areas for the developing regions
|
Developing region and research priorities | |||
|
Asia |
Latin America and the Caribbean |
Sub-Saharan Africa |
West Asia and North Africa |
|
feed resources |
natural resource issues |
feed production and use |
production systems |
|
systems-oriented research |
feed resources |
animal health |
natural resource management |
|
epidemiology |
animal genetic resources |
systems analysis |
feed resources and nutrition |
|
institutional and policy related issues |
animal health |
natural resource management |
animal genetic resources |
|
animal genetic resources |
socio-economics |
conservation and biodiversity (animal and forage resources) |
animal health |
|
better application of technology and use of research results |
|
animal genetics |
policy, socio-economic and institutional research |
|
|
|
policy and socio-economic issues |
|
Common research themes arising from the separate group reports and discussed in plenary session were:
· feed resources· production
· use;· production systems
· systems analysis
· integrative management;· biodiversity
· characterize, conserve and improve;· animal health
· expanded focus for improved epidemiological and impact evaluation on productivity and integrated management technologies;· policy; and
· strengthening of NARS.
The regional papers and group discussions underlined the importance of establishing priority lists of research objectives against an ecoregional framework. The lists may thus represent common needs that qualify for international research effort and delivery of technology. Individual elements may, however, be pursued within one ecoregion through collaboration with regional partners.
The World Association for Animal Production and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations will host an International Symposium on "The supply of livestock products to rapidly expanding urban populations" in Seoul, Korea from 16-20 May 1995. This symposium is considered a logical follow up to the "Roundtable on livestock development strategies for low income countries" sponsored by FAO and ILRI in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 27 February-2 March 1995. The Seoul Symposium will concentrate primarily on commodity supply issues faced by the product chain from the farm to the consumer and in particular those issues having a policy or technology dimension.
As per caput incomes in developing countries rise food consumption patterns change in favour of absolute or relative increases in foods of animal origin. Life styles are also likely to change towards a more "western" concept with more consumption of animal products and vegetables than of cereals.
Urban-rural migration is taking place in many developing countries concurrently with economic progress. Cities with more than one million people will be home to more than 60 per cent of the world's population by the year 2025. An individual farmer will need to produce more food to supply the needs of his urban counterparts. Urban food security cannot be assured, however, by subsistence farming or by simply raising farm productivity. New, more complex, and integrated systems of preservation, processing, marketing and distribution will be needed than those that have so far served the needs of a predominantly rural world. Market services in particular will be critical to rural and urban food security and, when supported by appropriate policies, will result in many social and economic benefits.
It is thus timely to organize an international symposium on the production, consumption and supply system of livestock products. The Seoul symposium will focus on linkages in the farm to producer chain which will have a major effect on the evolution of livestock production systems. Its outcome will also assist developing countries to design appropriate strategies to meet the challenge of constructing better links between rural producers and urban consumers.
The objectives of the Symposium are to:
· review trends in production and consumption patterns of animal products, with special emphasis on developing countries;· share experiences in production, consumption and commodity supply issues; and
· draw up policy recommendations for the improvement of regional commodity supply systems and suggest future strategies to meet the demands for livestock products by the rapidly expanding urban populations of the world's developing countries.
Some 100 participants are expected to take part in the symposium. About 50 of these will be local scientists, administrators and technical staff. A further 40 will be invited speakers and senior of officers of WAAP and regional organizations. Selected livestock advisers from developing countries and some leading international organizations and institutions will complete the list of participants.
The programme will be in nine parts.
A. Opening ceremony
Following opening remarks, a welcome address and a congratulatory address by Korean and other dignitaries two background papers will be presented:
· A quantitative study of world livestock production systems (A W Qureshi, FAO)· Summary of FAO/ILRI Roundtable on livestock development strategies for low income countries (R Trevor Wilson, UK)
B. Keynote papers
· Global issues in meeting urban demands for livestock products (J Phelan, FAO)· The role of international institutes in the supply of animal products to urban populations: a case for ILRI (H Fitzhugh, ILRI)
· Present and future of Korean animal agriculture (J I Chun, National Animal Research Institute)
· World production and consumption of animal products: common features and future developments (In K Han, WAAP)
C. Conceptual framework
A series of papers will review commodity supply systems for major animal products and the importance of technology in the delivery of products to urban populations.
· The evolution of livestock production systems in developing countries: an economic analysis (V Ostergaard, Foulum Research Center, Denmark)· The commodity supply systems for milk: common features and trends (H Schelhaas, Produkschap Voor Zuivel, The Netherlands)
· The commodity supply systems for red meats, poultry and eggs: common features and trends (R Ahmed, IFPRI)
· The role of technology and hygiene in supplying livestock products to urban populations (G Heinz and J C Lambert, FAO)
D. Case studies - I
Production and supply systems suitable for a given area are influenced by social, geographical and climatic factors. Some typical examples will be presented in two sets of case studies.
· China's rapidly evolving livestock commodity systems: challenges and implications for international markets (Shag Bu Liu, Beijing Agricultural University)· Privatization of livestock development approaches in the Punjab: experiences of the Pattocki livestock production project (G Herrenthey, GTZ, Germany)
· Periurban dairy production in sub-Saharan Africa: a systems-wide constraints analysis (S Ehui, ILRI)
· Supplying meat and milk to selected cities in Pakistan and Vietnam (J Phelan, FAO)
· Adaptation of red meat and milk commodity systems to an adverse macro scenario: the West African case (J M Centres, GRET, France)
E. Case studies - II
· Livestock retailing in a setting with an uneven urban income distribution: the case of Latin America's large cities (B Quinones, Colombia)· The development of animal production systems to meet consumer demand in Japan, Korea and Taiwan (T Morichi and T Miyashige, NIAI, Japan)
· Dairy development in Thailand (C Chantalakhana, Thailand)
· Strategies for the delivery of inputs and services to small scale livestock producers (C de Haan, World Bank)
· Strategies for delivery systems to small scale livestock producers and linking rural producers of milk and meat with urban markets (P N Bhat, India)
F. Recommendations
Recommendations will be made for national and international strategies for improving supply systems to rapidly expanding urban populations.
1. Working groups
Working groups will be constituted to look at:· national planning and policy analysis and implementation framework; and
· international interventions - development of a prioritized agenda for commodity supply systems for animal products
2. Plenary session
Working group findings will be presented and action plans, conclusions and recommendations drawn up.
G. Poster presentations
Contributed posters by young scientists and graduate students will be a highlight of the symposium and will cover four areas:
· nutritional values of livestock products;
· production technologies for better quality animal products;
· relations between supply and demand for livestock products; and
· new technologies in processing of foods of animal origin
H. Technical tour
A technical tour of one and a half days' duration will allow participants to gain insights of Korean livestock production systems and of storage and processing facilities for milk and meat and concentrate feed production.
I. Closing ceremony
Closing remarks, a closing address, a summary of the symposium and any announcements will bring the meeting to an end.
1. Dr Ousmane Badiane
Research Fellow
International Food Policy Research Institute
1200 Seventeenth Street NW
Washington DC 20036-3097
USA
Fax: (1 202) 467 4439
Tel: (1 202) 862 5633/5634
e-mail: [email protected]
2. Dr Barry Mody Bakar
Directeur Adjoint
CIRES
08 BP 1295
Abidjan 08
Côte d'Ivoire
Fax: (225) 440829/446799
Tel: (225) 444363
3. Dr Roy Behnke
Research Fellow
Overseas Development Institute
Regent's College
Inner Circle
Regent's Park
London NW1 4NS
United Kingdom
Fax: (44 171) 487 7590
Tel: (44 171) 487 7413
4. Dr Charan Chantalakhana
Director
Suwanvajokkasikit
Animal Research and Development Institute
Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900
Thailand
Fax: (66 2) 579 8525/8555
Tel: (66 2) 579 4214/8555 (Office);
(66 2) 521 3518/8171 (Home)
5. Dr Dean DeRosa
Research Fellow
International Food Policy Research Institute
1200 Seventeenth Street NW
Washington DC 20036-3097
USA
Fax: (1 202) 467 4439
Tel: (1 202) 862 5633/5634
e-mail: [email protected]
6. Dr C Devendra
8 Jalan 9/5
46000 Petling Jaya
Selangor
Malaysia
Fax: (60 3) 757 4493
Tel: (60 3) 755 7986
7. Mr Peter de Leeuw
International Livestock Research Institute
PO Box 46847
Nairobi
Kenya
Fax: (254 2) 63 14 99
Tel: (254 2) 63 20 66
8. Dr Simeon Ehui
Head of Socio-Economic Sciences Division
International Livestock Research Institute
PO Box 5689
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia
Fax: (251 1) 61 18 92
Tel: (251 1) 61 34 95
e-mail: [email protected]
9. Dr H A Fitzhugh
Director General
International Livestock Research Institute
PO Box 5689
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia
Fax: (251 1) 61 18 92
Tel: (251 1) 6125 10
e-mail: [email protected]
10. Dr Cees de Haan
Livestock Adviser
AGRTN
Room N7075
The World Bank
1818 H Street NW
Washington DC 20433
USA
Fax: (1 202) 334 0473
Tel: (1 202) 473 0347
e-mail: C. [email protected]
Prof In K Han
Department of Animal Science and Technology
College of Agriculture and Life Sciences
Seoul National University
Suweon 441-744
Korea
Fax: (82 331) 291 7722/292 3801
Tel: (82 331) 292 0898/0896
e-mail: [email protected]
12. Dr A D Irvin
Overseas Development Administration
94 Victoria Street
London SW1E 5JL
United Kingdom
Fax: (44 171) 917 0652
Tel: (44 171) 917 0481
13. Dr M A Jabbar
Agricultural Economist
International Livestock Research Institute
PO Box 5689
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia
Fax: (251 1) 61 18 92
Tel: (251 1) 6132 15
e-mail: [email protected]
14. Dr Tetsuro Komiyama
Director General
Shirakawa Institute of Animal Genetics
Japan Livestock Technology Association
Odakura, Nishigo, Nishishirakawa
Fukushima 961
Japan
Fax: (81 248) 25 5725
Tel: (81 248) 25 5641
15. Dr Abdelatif Lahlou-Kassi
Head of Animal Science Division
International Livestock Research Institute
PO Box 5689
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia
Fax: (251 1) 61 18 92
Tel: (251 1) 6136 97
e-mail: A. T. [email protected]
16. Dr Pierre-Charles Lefèvre
Directeur
CIRAD-EMVT
10 rue Pierre Curie
94704 Maisons Alfort Cedex
France
Fax: (33 1) 43 75 23 00
Tel: (33 1) 43 68 88 73
17. Dr Juhani Maki-Hokkonen
Senior Officer
Animal Production and Health Division
Food and Agriculture Organization
via delle Terme di Caracalla
00100 Rome
Italy
Fax: (39 6) 52255749
Tel: (39 6) 52254105
e-mail: [email protected]
18. Mr Simon Mack
Animal Production and Health Division
Food and Agriculture Organization
via delle Terme di Caracalla
00100 Rome
Italy
Fax: (39 6) 52255749
Tel: (39 6) 52253764
e-mail: [email protected]
19. Dr S C Nana-Sinkam
Director
Joint ECA/FAO Agricultural Division
Economic Commission for Africa
PO Box 3001
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia
Fax: (251 1) 51 03 50
Tel: (251 1) 51 72 00
20. Dr N Ole Nielsen
Ontario Veterinary College
University of Guelph
Guelph
Ontario N1G 2W1
Canada
Fax: (1 519) 837 3230
Tel: (1 519) 823 8800 Extension 4341
e-mail: [email protected]
21. Dr Thomas Nordblom
Senior Economist
International Center for Research in Dry Areas
P O Box 5466
Aleppo
Syria
Fax: (963 21) 213490/225105
Tel: (963 21) 213433 (Office);
(963 21) 667249 (Home)
22. Dr Peter Oram
Research Fellow Emeritus
International Food Policy Research Institute
1200 Seventeenth Street NW
Washington, DC 20036-3097
USA
Fax: (1 202) 467 4439
Tel: (1 202) 862 5633/4
e-mail: [email protected]
23. Dr Vagn Ostergaard
Director of Research (Cattle and Sheep)
National Institute of Animal Science
Foulum
Box 39
DK-8830 Tjele
Denmark
Fax: (45 89) 99 13 00/99 19 19
Tel: (45 89) 99 13 80
24. Dr Pascal Osuji
Coordinator
Increasing Milk and Meat Production Thrust
Debre Zeit Research Station
International Livestock Research Institute
PO Box 5689
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia
Fax: (251 1) 33 87 55
Tel: (251 1) 33 82 90/33 95 66
e-mail: [email protected].
25. Professor Emmanuel Oyedipe
Director
National Animal Production Research Institute
Ahmadu Bello University
PMB 1096
Shika Zaria
Nigeria
Fax: (234) 69 51 272
Tel. No. (234) 69 51 018 (Home)
26. Dr Kurt Peters
University Professor
Department of Animal Breeding in the Tropics
Institute of Animal Science
Lentzeallee 75
D-14 195 Berlin 33 (Dahlem)
Germany
Fax: (49 30) 31 47 1422
Tel: (49 30) 31 47 1100
e-mail: kjpetub 1 zrz.zrz -Tu-berlin. de
27. Dr Mohammed Saleem
Head of Highland Programme
International Livestock Research Institute
PO Box 5689
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia
Fax: (251 1) 61 18 92
Tel: (251 1) 61 32 15
e-mail: [email protected]
28. Dr Barry Shapiro
Agricultural Economist
International Livestock Research Institute
PO Box 5689
Addis Ababa
Ethiopia
Fax: (251 1) 6118 92
Tel: (251 1) 6132 15
e-mail: [email protected]
29. Dr Derrick Thomas
Livestock Section
Natural Resources Institute
Central Avenue
Chatham
Kent ME4 4TB
United Kingdom
Fax: (44 634) 883888
Tel: (44 634) 880088
30. Mr Bernard Toutain
Chef de Service d'Agropastoralisme
CIRAD-EMVT
BP 5035
34032 Montpellier
France
Fax: (33) 67 61 44 58
Tel: (33) 67 61 65 08
e-mail: [email protected]
31. Dr Lucia Pearson de Vaccaro
Professor
Facultad de Agronomia Institutio de Producción Animal (IPA)
Universidad Central de Venezuela
Apartado 4579
Maracay
Aragua
Venezuela
Fax: (57 2) 445 0273
Tel: (57 2) 445 0000
32. Dr Timothy Williams
Agricultural Economist
International Livestock Research Institue
BP 12404
Niamey
Niger
Fax: (227) 75 22 08
Tel: (227) 72 27 25/72 25 29
e-mail: [email protected]
33. Dr Trevor Wilson
Bartridge House
Umberleigh
North Devon EX37 9AS
United Kingdom
Fax: (44 1769) 560601
Tel: (44 1769) 560244
34. Mr Michael Young
Division of Wildlife and Ecology
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
PO Box 84
Lyneham
Australia
Fax: (61 6) 2413343
Tel: (61 6) 242 1600
e mail: [email protected]
