ANNEXES

ANNEX I. Countries proposed for the first phase of case studies

• Bangladesh (LDC)

• Costa Rica

• Côte d’Ivoire

• Ghana

• Kenya

• Senegal (LDC)

• Zambia (LDC

• Zimbabwe

ANNEX II. FAO Survey on the impact of agricultural preferences, terms of reference, consultant, exporting countries

Tasks:

Under the guidance of the Commodity Policy and Projections Service of the Commodities and Trade Division (ESC) of FAO and based on the conceptual study and the analysis on trade data and general aspects of agricultural preferences in the EU provided, the consultant shall conduct a survey on the impact of preferences for specific products and country origins on the EU market. The survey shall provide elements for the evaluation of the entire value chain from producers to consumers, which will be complemented by the results of parallel surveys in major preferential markets. The main issues include:

a) The way production, trade and innovation are organized throughout the chain for specific country/product cases, the location of centres of growth and profitability and possible synergies that could be created through intensified cooperation between individual participants in the chain;

b) Verification of the relevance and importance in the specific product-country context of the various factors laid out in the conceptual study for agriculture and fishery in general;

c) The relevance of trade preferences granted by the EU under ACP and GSP for purchasing, sourcing and decisions on location for production and investments;

d) The reasons that preferences were not used for more products and more markets;

e) Problems hampering domestic and foreign investments in industrial processing plants in the countries under review and possible remedies;

f) Best practice and proposals for action by business operators for expanding, diversifying and innovating preferential exports; ways to smooth cooperation by actors along the value chain and to increase the benefits of trade for growers and producers; government policies and services in exporting countries to spur initiative; and possible improvements in preference schemes, related governmental measures, and fiscal and investment practice in EU Member States.

To that effect, the consultant shall:

a) Conduct a selected number of in-depth interviews with major exporters, producer and exporter associations and cooperatives, export promotion offices and chambers of commerce and industry, organizers of auctions and other actors involved in the producing and trading chain of the major preferential export products in the exporting country. These interviews should deal in depth with the issues raised in these terms of reference, the conceptual study and in the questionnaire attached. They should focus on the main dynamic export products, which have actually received substantial preferences in the EU (such as, where applicable, fresh fruits and vegetables and preserved and canned products thereof; cut flowers; processed cocoa and coffee products; fresh and canned fish and crustaceans and other products that may be imported by the company interviewed from developing countries);

b) Directly or through relevant organizations, distribute the questionnaire to a larger number of companies involved in exporting, producing or processing agricultural and fishery products for the EU markets. (Possible contact points may be exporter and producer associations, trade points, export promotion organizations, GSP focal points or chambers of commerce and industry);

c) Prepare a country paper evaluating the findings of interviews and the received questionnaire responses, the latter to be attached.

Developing countries, to which special attention should be accorded:, Bangladesh, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Senegal, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

ANNEX III. FAO Survey on the Impact of agricultural preferences, terms of reference, consultant, importing countries

Tasks:

Under the guidance of the Commodity Policy and Projections Service of the Commodities and Trade Division (ESC) of FAO and based on the conceptual study and the analysis on trade data and general aspects of agricultural preferences in the EU provided, the consultant shall conduct a survey comprising the entire value chain from producers and consumers. The main issues include:

a) The way production, trade and innovation are organized throughout the chain for specific country/product cases, the location of centres of growth and profitability and possible synergies that could be created through intensified cooperation between individual participants in the chain;

b) Verification of the relevance and importance in the specific product-country context of the various factors laid out in the conceptual study for agricultural and fishery sectors in general;

c) The relevance of trade preferences granted by the EU under ACP and GSP for purchasing, sourcing and decisions on location for specific products;

d) Reasons that preferences were not used for more products and more country markets;

e) Reasons that preferences were not used where products were covered by preferences;

f) Reasons that EU investments were rare in food industries in the countries under review, and proposals by potential investors for possible remedies;

g) Best practice and proposals for action that could be taken by business operators and producers to expand, diversify and innovate in preferential imports; ways to smooth cooperation by actors along the value chain to create new synergies; government action and services in exporting countries; and possible improvements in preference schemes, related import and policy measures, as well as fiscal and investment measures to stimulate investments in ACP, LDC and GSP-receiving countries.

To that effect, the consultant shall:

a) Conduct a selected number of interviews, on a representative basis, with major importers, wholesalers, processing companies and their organizations, such as chambers of commerce and industry and auction houses. These interviews should deal in depth with the issues raised in these terms of reference, the conceptual study and the questionnaire attached. The interviews shall focus on dynamic imports from the selected countries that effectively received preferences in the EU (for example, where applicable, fresh fruit, vegetables and fishery products, as well as their processed products; cut flowers; processed cocoa and coffee products; and other products that may be imported from developing countries by the company interviewed);

b) Distribute the questionnaire, directly or through relevant organizations, to a larger number of companies that are involved in importing, retailing or processing agricultural and fishery products from developing countries;

c) Prepare a country paper evaluating the findings of interviews and questionnaire responses received (the latter to be attached).

Developing countries, to which special attention should be accorded: Bangladesh, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Senegal, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

ANNEX IV. Experiences with agricultural preferences questionnaire: farmers, farmers’ organizations

If farmers’ organization or cooperative:

If exporter:

Does your farm have equity links with importers/supermarkets? Yes/No

Long-term contracts? Yes/No ____ Other links?______

When did you start exporting to the EU/US? ________
Who took the initiative? _____________

Are you getting technical/financial support from importers/retailers/industry? Yes/No.

If your product is seasonal:

Do you produce exclusively for foreign sales during the export season? Yes/No
What could you make exporting to the EU/US throughout the year? ___________

Have you invested in purchases of:

Do you intend to invest for exporting to preferential markets in 2002/2003? Yes/No

By what proportion do you expect to raise your exports by this investment? __%

Do you intend to diversify export products to preferential markets in 2002/2003? Yes/No

Do you intend to assume exports to new markets?

What are your main problems and assets for export competitiveness?

PLEASE INDICATE YOUR VIEWS ABOUT THE EFFECTS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF PREFERENCES:

PLEASE INDICATE YOUR VIEWS ABOUT MAJOR ASSETS, PROBLEMS AND SPECIFIC PROPOSALS:

ANNEX V. Impact of agricultural preferences, questionnaire: processing industry, import trading companies, retailers in the EU

Company data:

Are you exporting? __% of turnover; main destinations: _______________________

Do you own farmland or processing companies in ACP counties? (List) ___________

In GSP and other developing countries? (List)____________________________

Imports and/or production

Are you importing from: Bangladesh, Costa Rica Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Senegal, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe (Please underline)

When did you start importing from the countries listed above? ________
Who took the initiative? _______________________________________

Would you import from these countries at MFN duties?

If preferences were not used, what were the reasons? _________________________

At what preference margins would you consider raising your imports?____________ or start importing additional products? ______________

What are the main problems that prevent you from importing from these countries?
_______________________________________

What conditions would have to be met to start importing from countries listed above?
_______________________________________

Did you provide technical advice, standards or quality control services, or financial assistance to growers?___________________________________________________

Did you provide particular specifications to them regarding changes in their products, production processes, inputs, chemicals used? _______________________________

Investment

Has your company invested in developing countries during the last three years in order to:

Does your company intend to establish or acquire new production capacities in 2002/2003 in the

Do you intend to invest in production in developing countries in 2002/2003? Yes/No

What could make you invest in any of the countries listed above?
_______________________________________________________

What are the main problems/assets in importing from or investing in the preference-receiving countries listed?

PLEASE INDICATE YOUR VIEWS ON WHETHER AND HOW PREFERENCES HAVE AFFECTED DECISIONS TO SOURCE IMPORTS FROM ACP AND GSP COUNTRIES:

MAIN PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY YOUR COMPANY IN TRADE OR INVESTMENTS IN COUNTRIES SPECIFIED

PROPOSALS FOR MEASURES CONDUCIVE TO RAISING IMPORTS, CREATING NEW INVESTMENTS OR WIDENING THE RANGE OF PRODUCTS IMPORTED FROM THESE COUNTRIES

ANNEX VI. Impact of agricultural preferences, questionnaire: processing industry, export trading companies

Company details:

Are prices to preferential markets:

When did you start exporting to the EU/US? ________

Who took the initiative of exporting? ______________________________________

Have preferential exports assisted your company to:

Has your company invested during the last three years in order to:

By what proportion do you expect to raise:

What are your main problems and assets for being competitive in exporting?

PLEASE INDICATE YOUR VIEWS ABOUT THE EFFECTS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF PREFERENCES:

PLEASE GIVE US YOUR VIEWS AND PROPOSALS FOR SPECIFIC IMPROVEMENTS NEEDED