ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES SERIES 10 Frost Protection: fundamentals, practice, and economics Volume 2 Richard L Snyder University of California, Atmospheric Science, Department of Land, Air and Water Resources - Davis, California, USA J. Paulo de Melo-Abreu Technical University of Lisbon, Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA) Departamento de Ciencias do Ambiente Apartado 3381, 1305-905 Lisboa, Portugal Scott Matulich Washington State University School of Economic Sciences Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6210, USA
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, 2005
	Table of Contents

GEO-SPATIAL DATA AND INFORMATION
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT [ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING]
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE

Over-tree sprinkler experiment in Northern California (photographer: unknown)

Russet patches near the eyes and rings developed on small apple fruits damaged by frost in Northern Portugal (photographer: António Castro Ribeiro)

The use of hoops and plastic to protect Alstroemeria plants in Northern California (photographer: Richard L. Snyder)

Background image in this page
Illustration elaborated from "L’Encyclopédie Diderot et D’Alembert"

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ISSN 1684-8241
ISBN 92-5-105329-4

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CONTENTS

Preface

Acknowledgements

CHAPTER 1 - FROST PROBABILITY AND RISK OF DAMAGE

Importance of probability and risk
Risk and certainty calculations
Event probability calculations
Crops with fixed sensitivity

Data entry
Probability output
Risk worksheet and chart

Last spring and first autumn frost dates

Data entry
Probability output
Growing-season chart
Risk worksheet and chart
Calculation methods

Damage Estimator (DEST.xls) application

CHAPTER 2 - ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PROTECTION METHODS

Introduction
Model overview

Initialization
Technology Selection
Budgets

Acquisition cost of equipment
Annual Variable Costs
Total Annual Cost Summary

Cost-Effectiveness
Risk
Other protection methods

REFERENCES

APPENDIX - EXAMPLES OF BUDGET SHEETS

FAO ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES SERIES

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