INS/85/009 Field Document 90/01 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SHRIMP CULTURE INDUSTRY WORKSHOP |
JEPARA, INDONESIA
25–28 September, 1989
TRANSLATED FROM INDONESIAN AND EDITED BY:
Wilfredo G.Yap
BRACKISHWATER AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT CENTRE | ||
Directorate General of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture |
With the assistance of
SHRIMP CULTURE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT, UNDP-FAO INS/85/009
Jepara, Indonesia
August, 1990
The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
This Proceedings is the English version ofProsiding Lokakaraya Industri Budidaya Udang which is the result of the Shrimp Culture Industry Workshop held on 25 –28 September 1989 at the Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre, Jepara, Indonesia. This Workshop is one of the activities of the Shrimp Culture Development Project, INS/85/009, a project of the Ministry of Agriculture, Republic of Indonesia, funded by the United Nations Development Programme and executed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Copies of this Proceedings as well as of its original version in Indonesian may be requested from:
The Librarian
Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre
P.O. Box 1
Jepara, Indonesia
Indonesia is one of the world's major shrimp producing countries. However, very little literature in English is available on the status of Indonesian shrimp industry for those in the world fisheries community who might be interested in knowing more about its status, problems and prospects, as well as the frustrations and the aspirations of the people involved in the industry. It is for this reason that this project endeavoured to make this English version of the original workshop proceedings available.
The said workshop was attended by a cross-section of the shrimp industry from farmers and large-scale producers to researchers and extension officers. This proceedings can therefore be considered a fairly comprehensive body of updated information on the status of the Indonesian shrimp culture industry.
As much as possible the translation was made to reflect the style of presentation of each writer within the limits of English grammar and syntax, which is one reason some of the passages may sound stilted. Names of institutions, government projects and programmes and their abbreviations were maintained in Indonesian because often there is no standard English equivalent, and use of an English equivalent might make it difficult to identify the actual institution referred to. However a glossary of the Indonesian meaning of the various abbreviations together with their English translation is provided for easy reference.
This translation was made possible, first of all, due to the keen interest of my counterpart in the Project, Dr.Made L. Nurjana, Head BBAP Jepara. The copious help of Mr. Budiono Martosudarmo, National Pond Culturist, INS/85/009, in explaining the context of certain words or phrases as they were used by the various writers contributed in no small way to the completion of this translation. Due to time constraint, it was not possible to back-translate the entire translation to ensure greater accuracy. However this was done selectively by Ms. Indah Wulani, Project Secretary, INS/85/009, on certain sentences or phrases which were somewhat obtuse in meaning. She also patiently entered into the computer my hand-scrawled translations, many of which were written under less than ideal conditions such as airport waiting rooms, etc. Many of the staff in BBAP in Jepara also assisted in confirming that the English technical terms used in this English translation were indeed what certain specialized words were meant to be. To all of them, Terima kasih banyak!
W.G. Yap,
CTA, INS/85/009
Jepara, Indonesia, 1 August 1990
Proceedings of The Shrimp Culture Industry Workshop
APBN | Anggaran Pendapatan Belanja Negara |
State Budget | |
AUP | Akademi Usaha Perikanan |
Fisheries academy | |
BALITDITA | Balai Penelitian Budidaya Pantai |
Coastal aquaculture research centre | |
-------- | Bapak Angkat |
Literally “foster father” in the sense of large companies guiding and supporting | |
smallholders | |
BAPPEDA | Badan Perencana Pembangunan Daerah |
Regional body for planning and development | |
BBAP | Balai Budidaya Air Payau |
Brackishwater aquaculture development centre | |
BBPMHP | Balai Bimbingan dan Pengujian Mutu Hasil Perikanan |
Fishery product quality testing and guidance centre | |
BIMAS | Bimbingan Massal |
Mass guidance supervised credit programme for food production | |
BKPI | Balai Ketrampilan Penangkapan Ikan |
Fish capture skills centre | |
BLPP | Balai Latihan Penyuluhan Pertanian |
Agriculture extension training centre | |
BPLP | Balai Pendidikan Latihan Pegawai |
Government employees training and education centre | |
BPN | Badan Pertanahan Nasional |
National land body | |
-------- | Desa |
Village | |
GBHN | Garis-garis Besar Haluan Negara |
Broad guidelines of state policy | |
-------- | Gotong-royong |
Working together or helping each other achieve a common goal | |
HGB | Hak Guna Bangunan |
Right to use a building | |
HGU | Hak Guna Usaha |
Right to operate a business | |
HIPPERINDO | Himpunan Pengusaha Perikanan Indonesia |
Organization of entrepreneurs in fisheries industry | |
HM | Hak Milik |
Property rights | |
INTAM | Intensifikasi Tambak |
Programme for tambak intensification | |
-------- | Kabupaten |
Regency, administrative level below province | |
KANWIL | Kantor Wilayah |
Regional office | |
-------- | Kecamatan |
Subdistrict, administrative level below regency | |
KEPPRES | Keputusan Presiden |
Presidential decree | |
KHUT | Kelompok Hamparan Unit Usaha Tani |
Grouping of contiguously located farms | |
KI | Kredit Investasi |
Capital investment credit | |
KIK | Kredit Investasi Kecil |
Small investment credit | |
KMK | Kredit Modal Kerja |
Working capital credit | |
KMKP | Kredit Modal Kerja Permanen |
Permanent working capital loan | |
KUD | Koperasi Unit Desa |
Village cooperative unit | |
KUPEDES | Kredit Usaha Pedesaan |
Village enterprise credit | |
LITBANG | Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan |
Research and Development Centre | |
NPWP | Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak |
Tax account number | |
OPSUS | Operasi Khusus |
Special operation (or programme) | |
P4 | Pedoman Penghayatan dan Pengamalan Pancasila |
Programme to promote understanding of Pancasila | |
PEL | Pengkajian Evaluasi Lingkungan |
Regulation requiring the evaluation of the environment | |
PELITA | Pembangunan Lima Tahun |
Five-year development | |
PIL | Pengkajian Informasi Lingkungan |
Regulation requiring the provision of environmental information | |
PIR | Perusahaan Inti Rakyat |
Nucleus smallholder scheme | |
PP | Peraturan Pemerintah |
Government regulation | |
PPL | Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan |
Field extension agent | |
PPS | Penyuluh Pertanian Spesialis |
Agriculture extension specialist | |
PPUP | Penyuluh Pertanian Urusan Programa |
Agriculture extension Programmer | |
PPUW | Pusat Pembenihan Udang Windu |
Shrimp hatchery centre | |
PT | Perusahaan Terbatas |
Limited liability company | |
PUSKESMAS | Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat |
Community health centre | |
RDK | Rencana Definitif Kelompok Tani |
Definitive schedule of farmers' group | |
RDKK | Rencana Definitif Kebutuhan Kelompok Tani |
Definitive schedule of farmers' needs | |
REPELITA | Rencana Pembangunan Lima Tahun |
Five-year development plan | |
RRI | Radio Republik Indonesia |
Government radio broadcasting system | |
RTPT | Rumah Tangga Perikanan Tambak |
Tambak household | |
-------- | Sapta Usaha Pertambakan |
Seven fundamentals for tambak operation | |
SD | Sekolah Dasar |
Elementary school | |
SMTA | Sekolah Menengah Tingkat Atas |
Senior high school | |
SMTP | Sekolah Menengah Tingkat Pertama |
Junior high school | |
TABANAS | Tabungan Pembangunan Nasional |
Savings scheme for national development | |
-------- | Tambak |
Brackishwater pond | |
TIR | Tambak Inti Rakyat |
Nucleus estate tambak development scheme | |
TPK | Tempat Pelayanan Koperasi |
Service centre for cooperatives | |
TVRI | Televisi Republik Indonesia |
Government television broadcasting system | |
UPBAP | Unit Pelaksana Budidaya Air Payau |
Brackishwater aquaculture implementation unit | |
UPT | Unit Pelaksana Teknis |
Technical implementation unit |
This Proceedings is a compilation of the papers and the reports of the working groups in the Shrimp Industry Workshop that was conducted by the Directorate General of Fisheries through BADC Jepara in cooperation with the Shrimp Culture Development Project FAO-UNDP INS/85/009 that was held in Jepara in 25–28 September 1989. This Proceedings consist of three sections namely:
This Proceedings is being published in two languages, Indonesian and English.
It is hoped that this Proceedings shall be useful to all parties.
Jepara, December 1989
Balai Budidaya Air Payau Jepara
Head,
Dr.Ir. Made L. Nurdjana
Hyperlinks to non-FAO Internet sites do not imply any official endorsement of or responsibility for the opinions, ideas, data or products presented at these locations, or guarantee the validity of the information provided. The sole purpose of links to non-FAO sites is to indicate further information available on related topics.
This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software. FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.
PREFACE TO THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION
PART I
SESSION PROCEEDINGS AND WORKSHOP OUTPUT
Opening/Closing Ceremony
Opening remarks of the Chairman of the Organizing Committee
Welcome address of the Head, BADC Jepara
Keynote address of the Director General of Fisheries
Closing remarks of the Chief Technical Adviser, FAO - UNDP INS/85/009
Report of the Organizing Committee
Session One
Session Two
Session Three
Session Four
Group One: Research and Development
Group Two: Smallholder Development
Group Three: Industry Needs
Status of Shrimp Production in Indonesia
Untung Wahyono
Status of the Shrimp Hatchery Industry in Indonesia
Made L. Nurdjana and Aninidiastuti
Technical Constraints in Shrimp Culture and How to Overcome Them
Alie Poernomo
Indonesian Shrimp Quality Problems in Relation to Market Needs and Their Solutions
Sunarya
Developing Shrimp Feedmills in a Depressed Market Situation
Sutanto Hardjolukito
World Shrimp Market Situation and Outlook
Fatima Ferdouse
Towards an Envorinmentally Oriented Shrimp Culture Industry
Purwito Martosubroto and Rubimin Wibisono
Shrimp Culture Training and Extension
S. Muranto
Research Programme of the Coastal Aquaculture Research Centre in Support of Shrimp Culture
Fuad Cholik
Socio-economic Condition of Tambak Farmers in Indonesia
Firial Marahudin
Procedures for Loan Issuance to the Economically-disadvantaged
Wasi Kirana
Experiments on the Polyculture of Seaweed, Shrimps and Milkfish
I. Nengah Sutika and Syamsu Alam Ali
Experiments of Lobster Propagation
M. Natsir Nessa and Aspari Rachman
The Shrimp Culture Subcentres as Regional Centres for Brackishwater Aquaculture
Noor Hamid
Tambak Intensification from the Farmer's Point of View
Ma'sum
Experiences of Traditional Tambak Farmers in the Culture of Tiger Shrimps in Java
Budiono Martosudarmo
Pest and Disease Management in P. monodon Culture
Arief Taslihan and Anto Sunaryanto
Use of Supra-tidal Land for Intensive Shrimp Farming
Wilfredo G. Yap
Shrimp Hatchery Technology in East Java
Nyan Taw
Some Considerations in Shrimp Culture Operation in Indonesian Tambaks
Bambang Ranoemihardjo
Fresh Anchovies (Stolephorus sp.) as an Alterna tive Supplemental Feed in P. monodon Nursery Ponds.
Iin S. Djunaidah, Kasnadi, Yahya and Sugianto
Shrimp Industry Development in East Java
East Java Provincial Fisheries Office
Shrimp Feed Development
I Putu Kompiang