Presence of disease (%) |
3-Stone Fire |
Mandeleo Stove |
ARI in children |
59.1 |
23.1 |
Conjunctivitis in children |
40.9 |
12.4 |
ARI in mothers |
38.0 |
13.5 |
Conjunctivitis in mothers |
12.0 |
4.0 |
The percentage reduction in the incidence of ARI and conjunctivitis in households using the Mandeleo stove was as follows
ARI in children |
61 |
Conjunctivitis in children |
70 |
ARI in mothers |
64 |
Conjunctivitis in mothers |
67 |
Source: Helga Habermehl, „Micro and Macro Benefits of Household Energy Conservation Measures in Rural Areas of Kenya", GTZ, 1994, p. 63.