This chapter attempts to summarise key ideas from previous chapters into a concise development strategy for the southern rangelands. The chapter has several interrelated objectives. One objective is to offer a justification for continued investment in rangeland development. Another is to relate aspects of a proposed development strategy to making progress in attaining three desired outcomes of agricultural growth, poverty alleviation and increased ecological sustainability (Vosti et al, 1991). Another objective is to outline the practical implications of a best-bet strategy in terms of development priorities and tactics, as well as needs for further research. Readers are urged to consult other chapter summaries for details on the structure and function of the Borana production system. These are not reiterated here.