Climate change is challenging the sustainability of agricultural systems. Using the 10 elements of Agroecology as a framework, this working paper explores the extent to which Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Research Program (CCAFS) of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) is aligned with agroecological principles.

The main conclusion of the study is that although agroecology was not a key concept in the design of CCAFS activities, on the ground many promoted practices where agroecological practices and several of the 10 elements of agroecology were addressed but with a different perspective than the one promoted by the proponents of agroecology.

To further improve or re-direct CCAFS activities with agroecological principles the study recommends five main areas of intervention:

• to better include agroecological principles in the implementation of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs);
• to strengthen system thinking for food system transformation;
• to strengthen landscape-level activities;
• to develop projects on circular and solidarity economy;
• to use Climate information services (CIS) to support the implementation of agroecological practices.