生态农业知识中心

抵御力: 提升民众、社区和生态系统的抵御力对于可持续粮食和农业系统十分关键

多样化生态农业系统抵御力更强。这种系统更易从干旱、洪水或飓风等极端天气和其他干扰中恢复,对病虫害的抵御力也更强。在1998年飓风“米奇”袭击中美洲之后,具有生物多样性的农场,例如农林混作、等高耕作和地被间作等,比周边采用传统单作型农场多保留了20-40%的表层土,侵蚀现象较轻,经济损失也较少。

通过维持一定的功能平衡,生态农业系统能更好地抵御病虫害的侵袭。生态农业方法有助于恢复农业系统的生物复杂度,并促进互动生物之间形成必要的集群以自我调节有害生物爆发。在景观层面,多样化农业景观更有潜力实现病虫害防控的功能。

生态农业方法同样能提高社会经济的抵御能力。生产者通过多样化和一体化措施降低其在某一种作物、家畜品种或其他商品歉收时的脆弱性。通过减少对外部投入的依赖,生态农业能降低生产者对经济风险的脆弱性。提高生态系统和社会经济两方面的抵御能力要同时进行。毕竟,人类是生态系统的有机组成部分。

Database

More than 12 million small-scale farmers and their families in the risk-prone, dryland areas of the Western Sahel have become chronically vulnerable to food and nutrition insecurity. This growing crisis is due to a constellation of factors, including the collapse of soil fertility and climate change. Agroecology Plus Six (AE+6)...
Burkina Faso - Mali - Senegal
创新
2018
Experiencias en el diseño de una agricultura sustentable. Con el Profesor Miguel Altieri, PhD (Universidad de California, Berkeley) www.agroeco.org
Chile
视频
2016
In this chapter, we first examine key concepts that are relevant to understanding the links between biodiversity and ecosystem services. We then review the relationship between biodi-versity and ecosystem services, as well as the complexities arising from such linkages. We then provide an in-depth description of the links between biodiversity...
书籍
2016
This chapter first discusses the potential of trees to modify the soil and its impact on soil biota. The exploration of the linkages between the biological activity of soil organisms in agroforestry systems and their impact on soil-based ecosystem services and soil health follows next. Then recent advances in soil...
书籍
2012
A study using a participatory research approach and simple field techniques found significant differences in agroecological resistance between plots on “conventional” and “sustainable” farms in Nicaragua after Hurricane Mitch. On average, agroecological plots on sustainable farms had more topsoil, higher field moisture, more vegetation, less erosion and lower economic losses after...
Nicaragua
个案研究
2002