生态农业知识中心

效率:创新型生态农业方法用更少的外部资源带来更高的产出

提升资源利用效率是生态农业系统的一项新属性,通过仔细规划和管理多样性,在系统各构成部分之间形成协同效应。比如,效率方面的一项关键挑战在于全球农田中施用的氮肥仅有不到50%转化为收获产品,其余部分损失在环境中,导致严重的环境问题。

生态农业系统改善对自然资源,尤其是丰富和免费资源的利用,如太阳辐射、大气中的碳和氮元素等。通过促进生物过程以及生物质、营养素和水的循环使用,生产者能够用更少的外部资源,降低成本并减轻资源利用所产生的负面环境影响。最终,减少对外部资源的依赖能够通过提升生产者的自主能力和应对自然或经济冲击的抵御力来赋予其权能。

衡量综合性系统效率的一种方法是土地当量比。土地当量比对比了两种或以上品种(如作物、林木、家畜)共同种养时的单产以及通过单作实现的单产水平。综合性系统往往展示出更高的土地当量比。

因此,生态农业通过必要的生物、社会经济和机构多样性,以及与时空的匹配来推动农业系统,支持提高效率。

 

Database

The Proceedings book includes the contributions from agreocology experts and practitioners that took part as speakers in the International Symposium on Agroecology for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems in China held Kunming, Yunnan, China from 29-31 August 2016. The volume has been prepared in order to collect and disseminate further...
China
会议文件
2018
Both the IPCC and IPBES claim that a “transformative” change that can still reverse the catastrophic trends through an agroecological approach. Within this context, this fact sheet, elaborated by the Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy (IATP) calls for an increase in awareness among decision-makers of the significant potential of agroecology to tackle challenges...
情况说明书
2019
Farmers are facing serious plant protection issues and phytosanitary risks, in particular in the tropics. Such issues are food insecurity, lower income in traditional low-input agroecosystems, adverse effects of pesticide use on human health and on the environment in intensive systems and export restrictions due to strict regulations on quarantine...
杂志文章
2011
The Agroecology Criteria Tool (ACT) enables the assessment of a project through the lens of agroecology: it visualizes the degree to which a project, program or policy is aligned with the various dimensions of agroecology. The methodology is based on the analytical framework by Gliessman on the 5 levels of...
创新
2020
Featuring cases in different sectors and countries around the world, this publication introduces the agroecology approach to linking food, livelihoods and natural resources, presents 10 Elements of Agroecology, and looks at ways of scaling up the people-centred approach to ensure its potential impact is fully realized, promising a brighter future...
报告
2018