生态农业知识中心

效率:创新型生态农业方法用更少的外部资源带来更高的产出

提升资源利用效率是生态农业系统的一项新属性,通过仔细规划和管理多样性,在系统各构成部分之间形成协同效应。比如,效率方面的一项关键挑战在于全球农田中施用的氮肥仅有不到50%转化为收获产品,其余部分损失在环境中,导致严重的环境问题。

生态农业系统改善对自然资源,尤其是丰富和免费资源的利用,如太阳辐射、大气中的碳和氮元素等。通过促进生物过程以及生物质、营养素和水的循环使用,生产者能够用更少的外部资源,降低成本并减轻资源利用所产生的负面环境影响。最终,减少对外部资源的依赖能够通过提升生产者的自主能力和应对自然或经济冲击的抵御力来赋予其权能。

衡量综合性系统效率的一种方法是土地当量比。土地当量比对比了两种或以上品种(如作物、林木、家畜)共同种养时的单产以及通过单作实现的单产水平。综合性系统往往展示出更高的土地当量比。

因此,生态农业通过必要的生物、社会经济和机构多样性,以及与时空的匹配来推动农业系统,支持提高效率。

 

Database

La Asociación Nacional de Empresas Comercializadoras de Productores del Campo (ANEC) was founded in 1995 in the wake of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). ANEC  offers member farmers, a diverse array of small and medium commercial grain farmers from 17 different Mexican states. Initially, ANEC assisted in the...
Mexico
个案研究
2017
Andrea Canpos is a teacher and farmer in El Salvador, a Central American country that is part of the region called the Dry Corridor and has been affected by climate change. At the end of June 2018, she participated in an exchange in the Brazilian semiarid promoted by the Brazilian...
Brazil - El Salvador
视频
2018
Women farmers, especially female peasant and family farmers are pivotal to build back better food systems. 60% of the world’s food is produced by smallholders on 30% of the global agricultural surface. 50%-80% of this food, depending on the country and region, is produced by women.  SWISSAID and partners launched a qualitative...
Guatemala - Niger - Sri Lanka - Switzerland - United Republic of Tanzania
报告
2021
In May 2021, Gaza experienced sustained bombing over eleven days. More than 50% of the women’s farms were damaged or completely destroyed. This article contains stories of success and resilience told by women farmers as they work towards rebuilding their farms and food processes, and restoring Palestinian food sovereignty.
Palestine
论文
2021
Food forests in Kenya are using modern forestry techniques to create food sovereignty and security. The holistic gardening project in Emuhaya, Western Kenya, is attracting local and international acclaim. Bio Gardening Innovations (BIOGI) is equipping smallholder farmers to break away from monocultures and create thriving, overflowing “food forests” on their farmland....
Kenya
创新
2021