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Book (series)Exposure of humans or animals to SARS-CoV-2 from wild, livestock, companion and aquatic animals
Qualitative exposure assessment
2020Also available in:
No results found.Understanding the risk of exposure of humans or animals to SARS-CoV-2 from animals and their products is essential for containing virus spread, prioritizing research, protecting food systems, and informing national One Health investigations and mitigation measures. This Qualitative Exposure Assessment provides a comprehensive review of available scientific evidence and assessment of exposure risk from different wild or domestic animal species. Results can inform country-level risk assessment and provide the evidence base for targeted SARS-CoV-2 investigations in animals and mitigation options. This publication provides: I. assessment of the risk of human or animal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 through contact with, handling or consumption of wild, domestic and aquatic animal species or their products; II. identification of current knowledge gaps regarding the zoonotic origin or animal-human spillover of SARS-CoV-2 and recommendations on priority studies; III. summary of available evidence for SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility of different animal species; IV. evidence-based recommendations on how to prioritize animal species for targeted field investigations or research studies; V. recommendations for targeted One Health investigations and epidemiological, laboratory, anthropological or seasonality studies to fill critical knowledge gaps evidenced by this exposure assessment. -
Book (series)Human Exposure to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus from Livestock or Wildlife Species 2017
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No results found.Recurrent outbreaks of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in humans have been reported, mainly from the Arabian Peninsula, since 2012, with a notable outbreak in Republic of Korea from May through July 2015. To evaluate the role of domestic and wild animals, in particular dromedary camels and bats, and assess the likelihood of human exposure to MERS-CoV (i) through direct contact with these animals, (ii) while handling and consuming their products (milk, meat, urine) and (iii) from the environment at the animal-human interface (e.g. farms, households, slaughterhouses, markets, etc.), FAO prepared this qualitative release assessment. This assessment is based on information available as of 19 May 2017 and will be revised as circumstances change. It focuses on livestock-related aspects and is therefore restricted to an exposure assessment at the animal-human interface (i.e. a description of biological pathways necessary for exposure of humans to MERS-CoV released from animals and the estimation of its probability). For further aspects of the human infection and detailed consequence assessments, please refer to risk assessments by the World Health Organization (WHO). -
BookletSARS-CoV-2 in animals used for fur farming
GLEWS+ Risk assessment (20 January 2021)
2021SARS-CoV-2 was first identified in humans in December 2019 and has since affected almost 68 million people causing over 1.5 million deaths worldwide. Animal-to-human and animal-to-animal transmission has been documented within farmed minks in several countries. SARS-CoV-2 has been identified in a farmed mink population in a number of countries. Some of the affected farms reported also workers SARS-CoV-2 infection and it is hypothesized that the mink farms were infected through human-mink transmission proving SARS-CoV-2 capability of reverse zoonosis. This Tripartite Risk Assessment, as a joint effort under the GLEWS+ initiative, completed with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), evaluates the risk of introduction and spread of SARS-CoV-2 within fur farming systems as well as whether farmed fur animals could play a significant role in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 to humans via spillover. Additionally, using a One Health approach, the Tripartite evaluated the risk of the escaped minks leading to the establishment of a viral reservoir in susceptible wildlife populations. This work provides guidance to Members on this newly emerging threat.
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