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Book (stand-alone)Investing in the control and eradication of peste des petits ruminants 2015This advocacy document outlines why investing in the control and eradication of peste des petits ruminants is an investment in food security. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR), a highly contagious disease affecting sheep and goats, causes a staggering USD 1.45 billion to USD 2.1 billion in losses each year. PPR affects the livelihoods of more than 330 million of the world’s poorest people in over 70 countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Eradicating PPR will help improve food security, n utrition, incomes and livelihood resilience of millions of poor farmers around the world. In response to calls from member countries, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Organisation for Animal Health have taken the lead in developing a Global Strategy for the control and eradication of PPR. By making an overall investment of USD 7.1 billion, PPR can be eradicated within 15 years.
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ArticlePeste des Petits Ruminants Virus Infection at the Wildlife–Livestock Interface in the Greater Serengeti Ecosystem, 2015–2019 2021
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No results found.Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a viral disease of goats and sheep that occurs in Africa, the Middle East and Asia with a severe impact on livelihoods and livestock trade. Many wild artiodactyls are susceptible to PPR virus (PPRV) infection, and some outbreaks have threatened endangered wild populations. The role of wild species in PPRV epidemiology is unclear, which is a knowledge gap for the Global Strategy for the Control and Eradication of PPR. These studies aimed to investigate PPRV infection in wild artiodactyls in the Greater Serengeti and Amboseli ecosystems of Kenya and Tanzania. Out of 132 animals purposively sampled in 2015–2016, 19.7% were PPRV seropositive by ID Screen PPR competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA; IDvet, France) from the following species: African buffalo, wildebeest, topi, kongoni, Grant’s gazelle, impala, Thomson’s gazelle, warthog and gerenuk, while waterbuck and lesser kudu were seronegative. In 2018–2019, a cross-sectional survey of randomly selected African buffalo and Grant’s gazelle herds was conducted. The weighted estimate of PPRV seroprevalence was 12.0% out of 191 African buffalo and 1.1% out of 139 Grant’s gazelles. All ocular and nasal swabs and faeces were negative by PPRV real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Investigations of a PPR-like disease in sheep and goats confirmed PPRV circulation in the area by rapid detection test and/or RT-qPCR. These results demonstrated serological evidence of PPRV infection in wild artiodactyl species at the wildlife–livestock interface in this ecosystem where PPRV is endemic in domestic small ruminants. Exposure to PPRV could be via spillover from infected small ruminants or from transmission between wild animals, while the relatively low seroprevalence suggests that sustained transmission is unlikely. Further studies of other major wild artiodactyls in this ecosystem are required, such as impala, Thomson’s gazelle and wildebeest. -
Book (series)Brucella melitensis in Eurasia and the Middle East
FAO technical meeting in collaboration with WHO and OIE: 11-14 May 2009 Rome
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No results found.Brucella melitensis infection is recognized as a significant public health challenge, with a major economic and financial burden in countries where the disease remains endemic. In Eurasia and the Middle East Brucella melitensis infections in sheep and goats are still widespread, resulting in significant human illness, primarily from consumption of contaminated dairy products or from occupational exposure to infected livestock. In small ruminants (sheep and goats), abortion, re duced fertility, reduced milk production and lowered newborn viability are the major impacts. There are very significant benefits to human health and poverty alleviation from controlling and eradicating B. melitensis infections in animals and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has been responsible for advancing practical knowledge and experience on brucellosis in various countries and assisting in the development of sound strategies and policies for sustainable control programmes. As part of these efforts a technical meeting of brucellosis experts was convened in Rome from 11 to 14 May 2009 by the FAO in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), in order to develop further guidance to support and improve surveillance and control of Brucella melitensis infection in affected countries. This document provides an account on the objectives, discussions and o utcomes of the meeting and provides an up to date account of the available options for the prevention and control of B. melitensis as well as the identified gaps that still need to be addressed.
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