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Monitoring food security in countries with conflict situations

A joint FAO/WFP update for the members of the United Nations Security Council – ​April 2021. Issue no. 8









FAO and WFP. 2021. Monitoring food security in countries with conflict situations. A joint FAO/WFP update for the members of the United Nations Security Council – April 2021. Issue no. 8. Rome.


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    This is the twelfth update of the Monitoring food security in food crisis countries and territories with conflict situations. Through this report, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP) inform the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) members on acute food insecurity situations, livelihood disruptions and the need for humanitarian assistance in countries affected by conflict and insecurity, where access to populations in need is often challenging. This issue focuses on the following countries: Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Haiti, Mali, Mozambique, Myanmar, the Niger, Nigeria, Palestine, Somalia, South Sudan, the Sudan, the Syrian Arab Republic and Yemen. FAO and WFP have jointly produced this twice-yearly report for the members of the UNSC since June 2016.
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    This is the thirteenth update of the Monitoring food security in food crisis countries and territories with conflict situations, jointly produced by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP) to inform members of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) on critical food crises driven by conflict and insecurity. This Special edition focuses on Palestine (particularly the Gaza Strip) and the Sudan. In the Gaza Strip and the Sudan, conflict has pushed people to the highest levels of acute food insecurity. People in these contexts require the most urgent attention and support to avoid any risk of famine. The Gaza Strip and the Sudan are currently two out of five Hunger Hotspot countries of highest concern globally. This report explores some of the impacts of armed conflict on food security from the perspective of protecting civilians and objects indispensable for their survival that represent essential components of food systems, as well as the challenges of securing safe, timely and unimpeded humanitarian access, both of which are addressed by Resolution 2417. By exploring conflict-induced food insecurity in the Gaza Strip and the Sudan, this report seeks to contribute to the monitoring of the implementation of Resolution 2417 and provides recommendations that the UNSC may consider to prevent further deteriorations in food security. FAO and WFP have jointly produced this twice-yearly report for the members of the UNSC since June 2016.
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    This seventh FAO/WFP update to the UNSC covers five countries (Afghanistan, the Central African Republic, Haiti, Somalia and South Sudan) and two regions (the Lake Chad Basin and central Sahel) that are currently experiencing protracted conflict and insecurity and in which, according to latest figures, almost 30 million people need urgent food, nutrition and livelihood assistance. The analysis indicates a worsening of the food security situation in Somalia, and persisting high levels of food insecurity in the Lake Chad Basin and Afghanistan. Although the numbers of acutely food insecure people in South Sudan showed a downward trend the analysis was carried out before the country was hit by devastating floods. The Central African Republic experienced a slight improvement thanks to the above-average harvest and improved security in some areas. Acute food insecurity levels in Haiti and central Sahel, which were not in the previous update, are extremely concerning and forecast to deteriorate. At the beginning of 2019, there were 41 active highly violent conflicts, an increase from 36 at the start of the previous year. These conflicts, which are mostly happening in already poor, fragile and food insecure areas, are causing immense suffering and a huge need for humanitarian assistance, which has been vital in preventing a worsening of food crises in many countries covered in this update. And yet distribution of relief assistance, assessment of needs and monitoring of beneficiaries is being increasingly constrained in all the countries and regions profiled in this update.

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