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Improving nutrition of school age kids through nutrition-sensitive food system approach

Near East and North Africa regional network on nutrition-sensitive agri-food - Technical Brief










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    Policy brief
    NENA Regional Network on Nutrition-Sensitive Food System – Policy Brief
    Building resilience and protecting diets in fragile and conflict-affected contexts
    2021
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    Crises, including those caused by conflict, disrupt regular community practices and essential services. Populations are often displaced, while food production, storage, processing, distribution and consumption can be significantly impacted. Likewise, caring and feeding for infants and young children can be disturbed, along with sanitary and healthy conditions. Malnutrition and hunger rates thus tend to raise and large amounts of people might lack the possibility to fulfil basic and immediate human needs, such as water and food. In crisis, the most affected ones tend to be infant and young children, pregnant and lactating mothers, elderly and disabled people. It is essential for emergency response and humanitarian aid to protect lives, restore livelihoods and rehabilitate food systems as fast as possible. During this period, it is also important to protect infant and young child feeding, and ensure meals for pregnant and lactating mothers are in sufficient quantity quality, safety and diversity. It is also important that elderly and disabled people received adequate support. It is important to ensure that humanitarian assistance and resilience operations adequately monitor the hunger and nutrition situation in order to prepare for, prevent and respond to degradations. Response should consider the needs of the most vulnerable groups such as women, children, elderly and disabled people. The well-targeted assistance with appropriate information and indicators can help reducing deterioration of nutritional status of vulnerable groups. Therefore, related assessments for should consider integrating nutrition information to determine the nutritional situation and develop better-targeted support. Assessment of the nutritional needs of different age groups; monitoring of the adequacy of dietary intake before, during and after the emergency; evaluation of the changes in food habits and practices, including coping strategies, are thus paramount. During emergencies, many children are admitted to specialized treatment centres (Therapeutic and Supplementary Feeding Centres) due to the acute and severe nutrition situation and receive life-saving support. Knowledge of nutritional requirements and proper feeding and caring practices is essential for the recovery of these children. However, families and caregivers often face difficulties in caring for children after the discharge due to the lack of knowledge on how to feed and care for children during humanitarian emergencies. Therefore, resilience and emergency response operations can add value by integrating nutrition education and improved feeding and caring practices for infant and young children as part of the interventions. The emergency operations that primarily look at the distribution of agriculture inputs (i.e. seeds, fertilizers,
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Zambia Nutrition Education - Grade 4 - Teacher's Book 2007
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    These education materials are intended to help tackle the widespread problem of malnutrition among Zambian school children. They are based on the basic school classroom curriculum for nutrition education as identified by teachers, heads teachers, local nutritionists and education standards officers. The geographical area targeted was Luapula but most of the issues apply equally to other Zambian provinces. Many school-age children in Zambia suffer from malnutrition. Particularly common pro blems are protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), vitamin A deficiency and iron deficiency. Children with these deficiencies are stunted (small for their age), do not grow well, are vulnerable to disease, are often listless and inattentive and do not do well at school. They may also have other more specific health problems, such as poor eyesight and anaemia. The reason for these dietary deficiencies may be that children do not get enough to eat, but even more that their diet does not give them the variety of foods they need. Another problem is that many schoolchildren do not eat frequently enough. Children need to eat often to maintain their energy levels, yet even when food is available in the home, many children go to school without breakfast; some eat only one meal a day1. This has a detrimental effect on their learning as well as on their long-term growth and health. These nutritional conditions are aggravated by other health problems. Widespread diarrhoeal diseases contri bute to malnutrition and put lives at risk; these infections (and others) are spread by poor personal and environmental hygiene and sanitation. Malaria, like other serious diseases, causes loss of appetite, weakens the body and can lead to protein-energy malnutrition. Malaria is also one of the major causes of anaemia in malaria-endemic areas such as Luapula. Prevention and correct treatment of these diseases can therefore improve nutritional wellbeing considerably.
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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Increasing water productivity for nutrition-sensitive agriculture and improved food security and nutrition 2021
    Good nutrition requires reliable access to safe soil and water for both food production and preparation as well as optimal sanitation and hygiene practices. Yet about one-third of the world’s population currently lives in water-stressed environments. Further, land degradation, water scarcity, flooding and less predictable rainfall patterns due to climate change are expected to undermine the productivity of smallholder farmers and exacerbate growing rates of malnutrition. Achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2 (end hunger and all forms of malnutrition), 3 (good health and well-being), 6 (clean water and sanitation) and 15 (life on land) will therefore require interdisciplinary strategies that recognize the interconnections among these goals. FAO and IFAD aim to further these goals by implementing a three-year project, “Increasing water productivity for nutrition-sensitive agriculture and improved food security and nutrition”, in six pilot countries: Mozambique, Rwanda, Niger, Benin, Egypt and Jordan. As outlined in the project flyer, the overall objective of the project is to improve dietary quality and diversity through the agricultural production pathway by strengthening the capacity of smallholder farmers in these settings to adopt sustainable water, soil, and agronomic management practices. That is, the project aims to move beyond the traditional approach of “more nutrition per drop” to a more holistic framework of “more diverse nutrients and better economic prospects per drop”. In the proposed theory of change, implementation of these agricultural practices are anticipated to lead to greater dietary diversity and quality, improvements in health, and expanded livelihoods.

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