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Pathways towards lower emissions

A global assessment of the greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation options from livestock agrifood systems










FAO. 2023. Pathways towards lower emissions  A global assessment of the greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation options from livestock agrifood systems. Rome.



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    Booklet
    Greenhouse gas emissions from agrifood systems
    Global, regional and country trends, 2000–2020
    2022
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    Agrifood systems account for one-third of total anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. They are generated in various ways: within the farm gate, through crop and livestock production; through land-use change; and in pre- and post-production processes, including food manufacturing, retail, household consumption and food disposal. According to the latest data, global agrifood systems emissions reached 16 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (Gt CO2eq) in 2020, an increase of 9 percent since 2000.
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    Document
    Low carbon livestock development in Kyrgyzstan
    Quantifying the future impact of the Regional Resilient Pastoral Communities Project on greenhouse gas emissions (Technical note)
    2021
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    This report presents the potential impact of the planned IFAD-funded Regional Resilient Pastoral Communities Project (RRPCP) on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, both in terms of the overall impact of the project, and as a possible input to the update of Kyrgyzstan’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC). Previous NDCs have not formulated commitments to reduce emissions from the livestock sector, despite 85% of the agricultural area being used as pastures for grazing and 62% of the agricultural emissions coming from the livestock sector (Government of Kyrgyzstan 2016). Since the level of assessment in the NDC includes only direct emissions, this report also presents the overall impact of the RRPCP considering the life cycle emissions. It includes recommendations to mitigate the GHG emissions associated with cattle, sheep and goat production systems in Kyrgyzstan. The assessment was carried out using the Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model-interactive (http://www.fao.org/gleam/resources/en/), a tool developed by FAO to measure emissions from livestock value chains and compare the impact of future scenarios. This assessment was undertaken as part of the FAO project “Low carbon and resilient livestock development strategies for climate informed investments”. The project aims to support IFAD-funded projects in Ethiopia, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Lesotho and Tajikistan to develop and implement strategies that will improve livestock production while reducing the GHG emissions. Results related to NDC have been included in the 2021 report “Analysis of livestock and pasture sub- sectors for the NDC revision in Kyrgyzstan” by GIZ, FAO and IFAD.
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    Booklet
    The share of agri-food systems in total greenhouse gas emissions
    Global, regional and country trends 1990–2019
    2021
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    Emissions from agri-food systems are those generated by farm production activities (crops and livestock), land use change and pre- and post-production processes. The first two components result in emissions generated on agricultural land, while the third refers to emissions from supply chain processes including transport, processing and input manufacturing, as well as from household consumption and waste. While emissions on agricultural land are well characterized in the literature, with FAO disseminating annual updates that are widely used and inform the periodic assessments of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the quantification of emissions generated in agri-food systems beyond the farm gate is a more recent endevour. This analytical brief presents results of the first database on agri-food systems beyond the farm gate developed by FAO. Statistics on absolute emissions and their shares are disseminated at the country, regional and global level, over the period 1990–2019. The database covers, in addition to emissions on agricultural land, pre- and post-production processes in agri-food systems, such as those linked to: i) the production of inputs (fertilizers, materials for food packaging); ii) energy generation and consumption in food supply chains (food processing, transport and retail) and at the household level (cooking and refrigeration); and iii) waste disposal (such as in landfilling, incineration and wastewater management).

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