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关于建立旱地森林和农林牧混作系统 工作组的建议











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    Costa Rica Case Study: Prepared for FAO as part of the State of the World’s Forests 2016 (SOFO) 2016
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    Costa Rica since the '50s went through the traditional transition curve that some countries had or are experiencing. From a period in the far past in which there was no deforestation, the reduction of forest areas begun at an increasing rate, reaching a minimum cover around 21% some 30 years ago, followed by a period of increasing rate of forest recovery until finally reaching a stabilization at around 52% of the country area (FRA 2015; SIREFOR 2015). This was at least the most widely accepted t rend a few years ago, but today this is a controversial issue, since different studies sustain different minimums forest covers, from 21 % to 57%. The cause of this process was primarily the migration of population to the rural areas, followed by deforestation to clean land for cattle farming, subsistence production and then to industrial agriculture in some areas.

    Read the full report of the State of the World’s Forests (SOFO) 2016

    Read the Brochure of the State of the World’s Forests (SOFO) 2016

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    Visit the Sofo 2016 webpage

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    Tunisia Case Study: Prepared for FAO as part of the State of the World’s Forests 2016 (SOFO) 2016
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    Forests and woody vegetation cover a total surface area of 1.3 million ha in 2015 (FAO 2015) that represents 8% of the country surface area. It includes 1 million ha of forests and 0.3 Million ha of shrubs and other woody area. The forest area has increased from 643,000 ha in 1990 to 1,041,000 ha in 2015 ((FAO 2015) that corresponds to an increase by 62% in the last twenty five years or an annual increase of 1.9%. The most important programs of forest and pastoral plantation were between 1990 an d 2010, with a rhythm of plantation of 22,000 ha annually (FAO 2015), recently, during the period 2010-2014, forest and pastoral expansion concerned only 6,000 ha per year. In the other side, forest fires have affected about one thousand ha per year during the period 1996-2010, and 3167 ha per year on average during the 2011-2014. Similarly, annual deforestation has increased from 400 ha (1996-2010) to 800 ha for the period 2011-2014. It should be indicated that half of the plantation consists o n pastoral plantation. Forest and pastoral plantation is usually conducted in forest area (replanting burned areas when natural regeneration is not possible, reforestation of harvested areas, replacing shrubs (1400 ha per year; FAO 2015)), in agricultural lands (planting the banks of ravines, for soil conservation purposes and for windbreaks), and in the pastoral lands (plantation of forage species).

    Read the full report of the State of the World’s Forests (SOFO) 2016

    Read the Brochure of the State of the World’s Forests (SOFO) 2016

    Read the Flyer

    See the Infographic

    Visit the Sofo 2016 webpage.

    Read the other six country case studies:

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    Viet Nam Case Study: Prepared for FAO as part of the State of the World’s Forests 2016 (SOFO) 2016
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    Over the last 25 years (1990-2015), Viet Nam has experienced drastic changes in forest conditions. By early 1990s, Vietnam's forest area reached lowest in history. Yet, the two decades later experienced significant increase of forest area in both plantation and natural forests, from 9.14 million ha (28% forest cover) in 1990 to 13.95 million ha (40.96% forest cover) in 2013, representing an increase of 4.8 million ha in 23 years or 210 thousand ha per year (FAO 2014). Along with this line is the expansion of forest area through afforestation, natural expansion of forest and reforestation.

    Read the full report of the State of the World’s Forests (SOFO) 2016

    Read the Brochure of the State of the World’s Forests (SOFO) 2016

    Read the Flyer

    See the In fographic

    Visit the Sofo 2016 webpage

    Read the other six country case studies:

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