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The Internet Trade (e-Commerce) in Plants

Potential Phytosanitary Risks










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    Book (stand-alone)
    E-commerce
    A guide to managing the pest risk posed by goods ordered online and distributed through postal and courier pathways
    2023
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    This guide highlights some of the key challenges that national plant protection organizations (NPPOs) face in managing the pest risk associated with e-commerce trade, where small parcels containing plants, plant products and other regulated articles are ordered online and distributed internationally through postal and courier pathways. It provides practical guidance for improving cooperation and collaboration with key stakeholders involved in e-commerce supply chains, including national customs administrations, postal operators, courier services, e-commerce platforms and marketplaces, and the general public. The guide also highlights pre-border and border activities, including risk-based phytosanitary inspection that NPPOs may use to help mitigate pest risk on postal and courier pathways, how to identify and respond to non-compliance, and the importance of monitoring regulated articles moving on postal and courier pathways in order to respond to new technologies and trends. Case studies are provided from around the world, highlighting some of the risks to plant health associated with e-commerce trade and the innovative approaches being taken by NPPOs to address these risks.
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    Policy brief
    Evolution of food e-commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic 2023
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    This investment brief, prepared by FAO and commissioned by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) hones in on the rapid of surge of food e-commerce and in particular, how the COVID-19 pandemic has fueled this growth. It analyses the overall evolution of e-commerce globally and with a specific focus on EBRD area of intervention based on eight city case studies (Belgrade, Casablanca, Istanbul, London, Paris, Rome, Tashkent and Tbilisi). It makes particular reference to the market for fresh fruit and vegetables (FFV), differentiating between the modern and traditional retail sectors in mature and transitional food economies. The brief provides policy recommendations and identifies strategies and key areas of investment that are required for the sustainable development of FFV e-commerce. Governments, particularly urban authorities, must develop and promote a conducive institutional, regulatory and business environment to maximize e-commerce opportunities, while reducing its negative impacts on the urban traditional retail sector and minimizing effects such as traffic congestion and the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG). The brief also calls on retailers to upgrade their business models for e-commerce, reorganize supply chains and establish efficient and environmentally sustainable systems for the delivery of FFV products. This brief urges concentrated and coordinated efforts by the public and private sectors alike, to support the sustainable and efficient development of food e-commerce to improve the resiliency of urban food distribution systems.
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Development of an e-commerce platform (D2C) for small and medium-sized farmers and returned migrants agri-entrepreneurs
    Feasibility study. Roadmap recommendations
    2022
    The feasibility study looks into the e-commerce ecosystem for agricultural products (D2C model) and examines the feasibility of developing a dedicated e-commerce platform for Moldovan farmers, including returning migrants engaged in agri-business. It also focusses on identifying the opportunities, optimal scenarios and interventions, as well as the premises needed to either launch a new e-commerce platform, or develop and upscale an existent one.

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