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Reducing child labour in agriculture in humanitarian contexts

Background paper










FAO and ACPHA. 2021. Reducing child labour in agriculture in humanitarian contexts. Background paper. Rome, FAO



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    Book (stand-alone)
    FAO Guidance Note: Child labour in agriculture in protracted crises, fragile and humanitarian contexts 2017
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    This note provides technical and operational guidance to stakeholders of the agriculture, food security and nutrition sector intervening in protracted crises, fragile and humanitarian contexts to ensure that children are not engaged in activities that could negatively affect their health, development or education, and are not employed in hazardous working conditions. It presents the basis to understand that agriculture, food security and nutrition programming in the aftermath of a crisis have po tentially both positive and negative effects on children. It also provides recommendations and concrete examples to address situations of child labour in agriculture in these contexts.
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    Project
    COVID-19 and Child Labour in Agrifood Systems - GCP/GLO/1010/GER 2023
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    Child labour endangers the health and education of children and represents an obstacle to sustainable agricultural development and food security. Child labourers are likely to remain poor, perpetuating the cycle of poverty and hunger, and, in turn, hindering agricultural and rural development. Over recent decades, progress has been made , in particular in the sectors of industry and services. However, this progress has been significantly threatened by the COVID 19 crisis, particularly in the agriculture sector, which remained the one sector to have seen an increase in child labour . At their release, ILO UNICEF 2020 global estimates on child labour indicated that, without mitigation measures, the number of children in child labour could rise by the end of 2022 to 168.9 million. Although most child labour is found in the agriculture sector, the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on child labour in agrifood systems had yet to be adequately explored. It was therefore critical to document more precisely the characteristics and dynamics of the impact of the pandemic on child labour per region, with attention to the different subsectors of agriculture. The objective of the project was thus to inform future actions to end child labour in agrifood systems, assessing the similarities of the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic with other crises.
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    Booklet
    Tackling child labour in fisheries and aquaculture
    Background paper
    2021
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    The global aquatic food industry, long under scrutiny over environmental sustainability concerns, has also come under increased scrutiny within the past decade over poor working conditions and severe human rights violations, including widespread use of forced labour and child labour. However, there is limited research and documentation available on child labour in fishing, aquaculture and fish and aquatic food processing globally. Much of the available evidence is centred on labour conditions in global supply chains. However, due to higher levels of informality, limited law enforcement capacity, and so on, it is more likely that children produce fish and aquatic-sourced foods for local consumption and domestic supply chains. To realize SDG 14 and make fish and other aquatic-sourced food production truly sustainable food systems, it will be necessary to step up efforts to eliminate child labour, protect young workers against the worst forms of child labour (including hazardous work, forced labour, and child engagement in illegal activities) and invest in a healthy, well-educated workforce for the future. This too is necessary to achieve SDG 8 and ensure that the millions of people who derive their living from fishing, aquaculture, and aquatic food processing work under decent conditions. This would entail expanding attention to aquatic food production for local and domestic markets in addition to the products that go into global supply chains. This background paper presents the challenges, opportunities, and recommendations to tackle child labour in fisheries and aquaculture.

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