Handbook for saline soil management

R. Vargas, E.I. Pankovoy, S.A. Balyuk, P.V. Krasilnikov and G.M. Hasanhanova

Handbook for saline soil management

Eurasian Soil Partnership implementation plan

Year of publication 2018

Place of publication Rome, Italy ;

Pages 142

Author R. Vargas, E.I. Pankovoy, S.A. Balyuk, P.V. Krasilnikov and G.M. Hasanhanova

Publisher FAO ;

Product type Book (stand-alone)

ISBN 978-92-5-130141-8

Edition 1

Full item page

Synopsis (short abstract) This handbook has been prepared for the training workshop on innovative methods of amelioration and use of salt-affected soils, which takes place in Kharkiv, Ukraine, in September 2017. This workshop is conducted within the framework of the Implementation Plan of the Eurasian Soil Partnership, which is a sub-regional affiliation of the Global Soil Partnership. The main goals of the Global Soil Partnership (GSP) and Regional Soil Partnerships (RSPs) include the development of global and regional plans of action for the sustainable management and monitoring of limited soil resources as a key element, as well as the maintenance of food security and ecological services of soils. The RSPs rely on the existing regional networks that connect the national and local networks, partners, projects and measures to ensure that the interests of all member countries of the partnership are taken into account. A RSP should give directives for the development of regional targets, priorities and ìrequred mechanisms of implementation and also undertake regular assessments of progress in reaching goals and accomplishing the tasks. The Eurasian Region covers Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Caucasus and includes the following countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. The Eurasian Region is diverse in terms of climatic conditions, soils, flora and fauna, land use and human activities. Soil degradation is a serious problem within this region, with its most destructive consequences including salinization, erosion, loss of soil organic matter, nutrients and biodiversity as well as soil compaction. Soil salinization presents a serious challenge that requires co-ordination between countries that share common water and land resources. International co-operation is also needed to attract and manage investment into water and land resources. It should be emphasized that salinization is both the cause and the result of other agricultural problems. Combating salinization should, together with other measures for achieving the sustainable intensification of agriculture, be considered as a basis for food security.

Language English

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Plenary Meeting of the Eurasian Soil Partnership, Report. Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic, 29 February - 2 March 2016 2016

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The Eurasian region is located in Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Caucasus and includes Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. The Eurasian region is diverse in terms of its climatic conditions, soils, flora, fauna, land use and human activities. Soil degradation is driven by complex variables, including climatic factors, economic factors, institutional and national policies. Soil degr adation and problem soils are a serious process that is affecting the soils in the region through various processes, in particular: salinization, erosion, soil organic matter, nutrient and biodiversity depletion, and soil compaction. The Eurasian Soil Partnership focal points and representatives of 13 countries from Eurasia (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Moldova, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Ukraine and Uzbekistan), as well as rep resentatives of ICARDA, ICBA, CIMMYT, GIZ and the Kyrgyz Soil Science Community participated in the Eurasian Soil Partnership workshop, held in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic from 29 February till 2 March 2016. The workshop was convened under the International Forum on Eurasian Food Security and Nutrition Network and Eurasian Soil Partnership jointly organized by ECFS, FAO, the World Bank and GFAR. The workshop was organized around plenary presentations (in particular on Major Activities of ECFS an d its international partners on food security and sustainable soil management (2013-2015)) and plenary discussions for ECFS collaborative research and educational programs, network activities and future directions. Further discussions held on parallel sessions for Barriers preventing Sustainable Soil Management (SSM) application and recommended SSM practices, Identification of appropriate sustainable soil management practices and systems at regional and national levels and Adoption of Final Docu ments. Under the moderation of Chair of Dr. Hukmatullo Ahmadov, the Challenges of GSP, the outcomes of the EASP activities in 2014-2015, the Introduction to the Implementation Plan for EASP and Assessments of the barriers and shortcomings preventing the adoption of SSM practices at the national level by Eurasian region countries was discussed and was adopted to be included in Bishkek COMMUNIQUÉ as the Summary of barriers to sustainable soil management in Eurasia and possible ways of overcomin g them. Under the moderation of Vice-Chair Dr Gulchekhra Khasankhanova, the working plan 2016-2017 was discussed at an open discussion and was adopted to be included in Bishkek COMMUNIQUÉ as the Workplan 2016-2017. Finally, under the moderation of GSP Executive Secretary Ronald Vargas, the work of the Eurasian Soil Partnership focal points and representatives of 13 countries from Eurasia was summarized via the Bishkek COMMUNIQUÉ (please see Annex 1) which was accompanied with a “Workplan 2016- 2017” (please see Annex 2) and “Summary of barriers to sustainable soil management in Eurasia and possible ways of overcoming 5 them” (please see Annex 3). The text of the Bishkek COMMUNIQUÉ adopted and signed by all Focal Points was presented on the Concluding Panel Discussion of International Forum on Eurasian Food Security and Nutrition Network and Eurasian Soil Partnership.
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The causes of salinity and sodicity, which vary between countries and regions, need to be identified, assessed and monitored carefully so that they can be managed and controlled. There is a need for practical and cost-effective methodologies for assessing, monitoring and mapping the extent and distribution of salt-affected soils; for identifying the causes and sources of the problem; and for choosing management options and evaluating the effectiveness of those options. The object ive of the Expert Consultation on Advances in Assessment and Monitoring of Salinization for Managing Salt-affected Habitats was to exchange experiences with data collection and analysis for the assessment and monitoring of salinity and sodicity, with particular emphasis on practical applications at local, national, regional and global levels. The Meeting on the Status and Progress of Biosaline Agriculture of the Inter-Islamic Network on Biosaline Agriculture was an opportunity to present the work of the hosting institution and to exchange information between the two Networks.
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The relevance of the possible impact of climate change in many productive areas prompted the organization of a meeting considering the possible effects of climate change on cultivated lands, coastal areas and other areas under risk of salinization. This constituted a new approach to the prevention of the risk of salinization, and an attempt to develop strategies for early action at regional and global scale. The GFSCC2010 was the first forum of global participation on this subject. Soil saliniz ation is one of the more subtle and progressive causes of soil degradation, threatening some of the most productive lands currently under irrigated agriculture. It is also an increasing environmental concern for those areas for which suggested climate change scenarios predict aridity increase and/or sea level rise. Salinity is also a natural inherent condition of many ecosystems contributing to global biodiversity supporting halophytes. Salinization is a problem that has long being associated w ith agriculture, both as a constraint and as the result of inappropriate practices. In addition, agriculture intensification, as well as changes in temperature and precipitation patterns expected from climate change, are likely to further affect the salt-water balance of fragile ecosystems. Information on the relationship between climate change, salt-affected habitats and salinization processes is scarce. There is a need to establish a better picture of the most affected or vulnerable areas and to promote practices that can be used to adapt agricultural production in areas susceptible to climate change. This will contribute to food security and reduce stress on ecosystems. The forum constituted an opportunity to discuss, from a multi-disciplinary perspective, the problems associated with salinization and climate change and strengthened the dialogue between policy makers, scientists and field experts.