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Book (series)Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions in livestock production – A review of technical options for non-CO2 emissions 2013
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Animal agriculture substantially contributes to the world economy by providing food, jobs, and financial security for billions of people. With increasing concerns over global climate change and pollution, efforts are underway to reduce the overall environmental impact of animal production. This document analyses emission of non-carbon dioxide greenhouse gases, an important segment of the environmental footprint of animal production. It has been developed by a team that included experts in animal /ruminant nutrition, manure and soil management, animal and whole-farm modeling, and animal reproduction. Over 900 publications focusing on nutritional and manure management mitigation strategies for methane (enteric or from manure) and nitrous oxide emissions were reviewed and analysed, and a synthesis of feed-, animal management- and manure management-based mitigation approaches and interactions amongst them has been presented. This document will help researchers, animal industry consultants, policy-makers, animal producers, non-governmental organizations, and other groups with interest in maintaining a viable and environmentally-responsible animal production sector to make sound decisions on selection and adoption of effective and economically feasible greenhouse gas mitigation practices. -
Book (stand-alone)Greenhouse gas emissions from aquaculture: a life cycle assessment of three Asian systems 2017
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No results found.In order to estimate the possible scale of greenhouse gas emissions in aquaculture in Asia, a study was carried out on three aquaculture systems: Nile tilapia in Bangladesh, Indian major carps in India and striped catfish in Viet Nam. The analysis was intended to improve the understanding of where and how GHG emissions arise in Asian aquaculture, whilst highlighting weaknesses in the currently available data. This results of this study will guide future studies on where to improve the data and o n how to develop cost-effective ways of improving aquaculture performance and reducing emissions. This report highlights the variation within each farming system at every stage of the three Asian aquaculture systems. The report makes some suggestions for methods which potentially could reduce emission intensities related to the farming systems, but applying best practices uniformly on farms and thus increasing efficiencies appear to be major factors for improvement. -
ArticleGreenhouse gas emissions from food systems: building the evidence base 2021
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No results found.New estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the food system were developed at the country level, for the period 1990–2018, integrating data from crop and livestock production, on-farm energy use, land use and land use change, domestic food transport and food waste disposal. With these new country-level components in place, and by adding global and regional estimates of energy use in food supply chains, we estimate that total GHG emissions from the food system were about 16 CO2eq yr−1 in 2018, or one-third of the global anthropogenic total. Three quarters of these emissions, 13 Gt CO2eq yr−1, were generated either within the farm gate or in pre- and post-production activities, such as manufacturing, transport, processing, and waste disposal. The remainder was generated through land use change at the conversion boundaries of natural ecosystems to agricultural land. Results further indicate that pre- and post-production emissions were proportionally more important in developed than in developing countries, and that during 1990–2018, land use change emissions decreased while pre- and post-production emissions increased. We also report results on a per capita basis, showing world total food systems per capita emissions decreasing during 1990–2018 from 2.9 to 2.2 t CO2eq cap−1, with per capita emissions in developed countries about twice those in developing countries in 2018. Our findings also highlight that conventional IPCC categories, used by countries to report emissions in the National GHG inventory, systematically underestimate the contribution of the food system to total anthropogenic emissions. We provide a comparative mapping of food system categories and activities in order to better quantify food-related emissions in national reporting and identify mitigation opportunities across the entire food system.
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