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Applying the degree of urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons

2021 edition












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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Agri-Food Innovation – Towns
    Investing in inclusive agri-food industries and services for functional and prosperous territories
    2019
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    Small cities and towns are home to 34 percent of the global population and key to inclusive economic transformation, particularly in developing countries, due to their close links to rural areas and food systems. There is an urgent need to create jobs and supply higher-quality, safe and convenient food to meet growing consumer demand in non-producing areas. Job creation and off-farm diversification are crucial to reducing migration and to the growing number of youth entering the labour market. Ties between rural and urban areas are strengthened via agribusiness development and the economic integration of food systems. Alliances of small cities and towns and their stakeholders play a key role in orchestrating investments that will contribute to integrated regional development. This programme fosters agri-food system corridors and agro-based urban-cluster development, promoting innovative food businesses through community-supported agribusiness initiatives, solidarity economy schemes, geographical indication and participatory guarantee systems.
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    Document
    City Region Food System Situational Analysis. Colombo, Sri Lanka FAO - Food for the Cities Programme
    Working Document
    2016
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    City region food systems (CRFS) encompass the complex network of actors, processes and relationships involved in food production, processing, marketing and consumption in a given geographical region. The CRFS approach advocates for strengthened connectivity between urban centres and surrounding areas –whether peri-urban or rural– for a fair rural development and well-managed urbanisation. At the same time, it fosters the development of resilient and sustainable food systems, smallholder agricult ure, sustainable rural and urban production, employment, improved livelihoods, and food and nutrition security for all. This report describes the first phase of the city region food system (CRFS) assessment. This phase consists of a descriptive assessment and appraisal of the local context and CRFS, primarily based on the analysis of secondary data, stakeholder interviews and consultations. It provides an overview and description of the local context (including the political and institutiona l environment) and its CRFS. It includes a definition of the geographical boundaries of the CRFS, an overview of its overall structure and characteristics, an analysis of how it functions, stock of baseline information and identified gaps, and, to the extent possible, an indication of general trends and critical issues relevant to increase the sustainability and resilience of the specific CRFS. These key issues will be further examined in the next project phases: in-depth assessment and policy planning phases. The situation analysis builds on secondary data. Secondary data includes information from spatial datasets, statistics, studies, institutional, policy and legal frameworks, and information obtained from local expert knowledge through stakeholder consultations, focus-group discussions and interviews. The Colombo Municipal Council, CMC, is the oldest local authority in Sri Lanka, which celebrated its 150th anniversary this year. Historically Colombo city has been the main c ommercial city in Sri Lanka; however recently accelerated modernization efforts have changed the traditional outlook of Colombo municipality. During recent years, Colombo city was heavily invested for its infrastructure development to make the city an urban tourist attraction. Because of the recent developments, Colombo city was ranked as the number one fast growing city in the world in 2015. Align with this modernization, more and more people are attracted to Colombo city and its peri-urban are as for living and as well as for business. According to latest census statistics, there are 2,324,349 people living in Colombo district with a population density of 3438, which is the highest in the country. Remarkably, from the country’s population, one tenth reside in Colombo district. Population in CMC and the population density are 0.65 m, 15000-18000 per sq. km respectively. Further, this population has a complex diversity with respect to their age, ethnic, religious, and income level compo sitions. Therefore, Colombo city probably has one of the diverse and complex food systems in Sri Lanka, which requires vastly different types of foods to feed the large population in a small and congested city. Conversely, there is hardly any agricultural farming and food production in CMC limits, which has created multiple dependencies to food system of the city.
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    Does Urban Agriculture Enhance Dietary Diversity? Empirical Evidence from a Sample of Developing Countries 2008
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    Urban agriculture (UA) is defined as the production of crop and livestock goods within city and town boundaries. According to some statistics, 200 million people are employed in UA, contributing to the food supply of 800 million urban dwellers. In African countries, 40 per cent of urban dwellers are said to be engaged in some sort of agricultural activities and this percentage rises to 50 per cent in Latin American countries. If such numbers are accurate UA may play a role in addressing urban fo od insecurity problems. This paper attempts to fill some of the key research gaps in this area using survey data for 15 developing or transition countries. The paper analyzes in a comparative perspective the importance of UA for the poor and food insecure households located in urban areas.

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