FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Proceedings. No. 24

Expanding mariculture farther offshore
Technical, environmental, spatial and governance challenges

Preparation of this document

Abstract

Contents

Acknowledgements

Abbreviations and acronyms

 Workshop report

Annex 1 – Expanding mariculture farther offshore

Annex 2 – Workshop agenda

Annex 3 – List of participants

Annex 4 – Profiles of experts

Annex 5 – Group photograph

A review of opportunities, technical constraints and future needs of offshore mariculture –
temperate waters
   John Forster

A review on technical constraints, opportunities and needs to ensure the development of the mariculture
sector worldwide – tropical zone
   Andrew G. Jeffs

Sustainable development of marine aquaculture off-the-coast and offshore – a review of environmental and
ecosystem issues and future needs in temperate zones
   Marianne Holmer

Sustainable development of marine aquaculture off-the-coast and offshore – a review of environmental and
ecosystem issues and future needs in tropical zones
   Dror L. Angel and Dor Edelist

The development of offshore aquaculture: an economic perspective
   Gunnar Knapp

Governance in marine aquaculture: the legal dimension
   David R. Percy, Nathanael Hishamunda and Blaise Kuemlangan

Kona Blue Water Farms case study: permiting, operations, marketing, environmental impact, and
impediments to expansion of global open ocean mariculture
   Neil Anthony Sims

Challenges for developing emerging economies to engage in off-the-coast and offshore aquaculture:
the perspective from a case study
   Adolfo Alvial

FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical paper No.549

A Global assessment of offshore mariculture potential
from a spatial perspective

Preparation of this document

Abstract

Contents

Acknowledgements

Abbreviations and acronyms

Executive summary

1.1  Background and objectives

1.2  Overview of the analytical approach and outputs

 2.  Status of mariculture from a spatial perspective

2.1  Nominal intensity of the use of the coastline for mariculture at the national level

 3.  Exclusive economic zones as spatial frameworks for offshore mariculture development

 4.  Potential for offshore mariculture development

4.1  Overview

4.2  Areas where it is technically feasible to place culture installations

4.3  Areas favouring grow-out of fish and mussels spatially integrated with areas technically feasible for cages and longlines

4.4  Hypothetical loss of offshore mariculture potential due to competing and conflicting uses

4.5  Summary of the results on offshore mariculture potential with species, culture systems and cost-effective area for development integrated

 5.  Comparisons and verifications for offshore mariculture potential

5.1  Cobia

5.2  Atlantic salmon

5.3  Blue mussel

5.4  IMTA offshore mariculture potential compared with inshore Atlantic salmon and mussel farm locations

5.5  Summary of comparisons of offshore mariculture potential of cobia, Atlantic salmon, blue mussel and IMTA with inshore
        mariculture of these species

6.1  Analytical approach

6.2  Comparisons of offshore mariculture potential with inshore mariculture practice and verification

6.3  Improvements in the approach

6.4  Offshore mariculture potential

6.5  Future directions

6.6  Recommendations

 References