PES incentives for smallholders to avoid deforestation: lessons learned and factors for success

A review for the SHARP partnership of 28 documented PES projects that have involved working with smallholders in tropical forest countries to protect watersheds, conserve biodiversity and minimise deforestation. The report provides a useful inventory of smallholder-focused projects and offers a close look at the design and outcome of seven case studies in Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa and southeast Asia. The authors ask what lessons can be learned for future PES schemes but also for other smallholder-oriented initiatives.

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