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Dietary protein quality evaluation in human nutrition

Report of an FAO Expert Consultation, 31 March - 2 April 2011, Auckland, New Zealand










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    Research approaches and methods for evaluating the protein quality of human foods
    Report of a FAO Expert Working Group, 2 – 5 March 2014, Bangalore, India
    2014
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    Following the 2011 FAO Expert Consultation on dietary protein quality evaluation in human nutrition, a working group was convened in Bangalore, India from 2-5 March 2014 to explore and develop means for producing more data accessible worldwide of ileal amino acid digestibility of human foods, particularly for foods consumed in low income countries. The paucity of data, especially from human studies, remains an obstacle to the practical implementation of the DIASS method for evaluating protein qu ality. The report considers protocols including recommended best practice for pig-based, rat-based and human based assays for true ileal amino acid digestibility determinations to support the generation of new data. The working group considered the development of protocols that would allow non-invasive measures of ileal amino acid digestibility in humans with primary reliance on novel approaches using minimally invasive stable isotopes tracers. Such an exercise would need to involve the determin ation of ileal protein and amino acid digestibility in both humans and animal models to allow the development of robust inter-species protein digestibility predictions.
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    Book (series)
    Protein quality assessment in follow-up formula for young children and ready to use therapeutic foods
    Report of the FAO Expert Working Group, Rome, 6–9 November 2017
    2018
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    Consistent with the need to provide safe food for young children, particularly during the complementary feeding period between 12 and 36 months and the period of rapid development to age 59 months, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) convened an Expert Working Group the FAO Headquarters, Rome, Italy, from 6 to 9 November 2017. The meeting addressed questions related to protein quality evaluation in two distinct products used to feed children in different conditions: Ready to Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) and Follow up Formula for Young Children (FUF-YC). Specific meeting objectives were: • To determine the appropriate comparative protein or amino acid reference pattern to define protein quality for use in FUF-YC and RUTF. • To provide guidance on the preferred protein quality assessment methodology that should be stipulated with the standards for FUF-YC and RUTF. • To provide guidance on the measurement of protein and amino acid digestibility. • To provide the appropriate reference amino acid profiles and the amino acid composition of common ingredients used for FUF-YC and RUTF. • To provide cost implications for countries to use PDCAAS in FUF-YC and RUTF. This report provides future research recommendations including the need to generate data on the true ileal digestibility for different protein sources so that Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS) values can be used in the future.
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    Book (series)
    Feed ingredients and fertilizers for aquatic animals: sources and composition 2009
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    The present technical paper presents an up-to-date overview of the major feed ingredient sources and feed additives commonly used within industrially compounded aquafeeds, including feed ingredient sources commonly used within farm-made aquafeeds, and major fertilizers and manures used in aquaculture for live food production. Information is provided concerning the proximate and essential amino acid composition of common feed ingredient sources, as well as recommended quality criteria and relativ e nutritional merits and limitations, together with a bibliography of published feeding studies for major feed ingredient sources by cultured species. The main body of the document deals with the nutritional composition and usage of major feed ingredient sources in compound aquafeeds, as well as the use of fertilizers and manures in aquaculture operations. Major feed ingredient and fertilizer groupings discussed include: animal protein sources, plant protein sources, single cell protein sources, lipid sources, other plant ingredients, feed additives, and fertilizers and manures. The concluding section of the document undertakes a comparative analysis of the essential amino acid profiles of the major reported feed ingredient sources for cultured finfish and crustaceans, and presents average reported dietary inclusion levels of major feed ingredient sources used within practical feeds, including their major attributes and limitations. Finally, the importance of feed safety, traceability, and use of good feed manufacturing practices is stressed, together with the importance of considering the long term sustainability of feed ingredient supplies.

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