Pollination management recommendations are becoming increasingly precise, context-specific, and knowledge-intensive. Pollination is a service delivered across landscapes, entailing policy constructs across agricultural landscapes. Diversified farming practices effectively promote pollination services. Yet it doesn't remain easy to secure large-scale uptake by farming communities. A strong foundation upon which to base policy formulation stems from respecting the perspective of farmers and local communities on the need to conserve pollinators, alongside scientific understanding.

Ecological intensification resonates with indigenous knowledge, local communities, and scientific understanding. It emphasizes that the regulating functions of nature require both landscape-level agroecosystem design and recognition of the complexity of agricultural systems. Facilitating ecological intensification across landscapes requires collective decision-making, with institutional innovation in local structures and food system governance.

Highlights

• Management recommendations for pollination services are becoming increasingly precise and context-specific, and with a landscape focus.
  

• A strong foundation for policy formulation comes from understanding the state of knowledge of farmers and local communities.
  

• Ecological intensification and diversification resonate with policy priorities of local knowledge holders and the scientific community.
  

• These call for landscape-level agroecosystem design and recognition of the complexity of agricultural systems.