Agriculture is the main source of livelihood for over 70 % of Myanmar population and considered as a driver for economic development. Enhancing agricultural production, productivity and rural livelihoods have been the main objective of the Government of Myanmar. It is a fundamental instrument to achieve food and nutrition security, reduce poverty, create rural and urban employment, and generate sustainable broad-based economic growth ensuring environmental sustainability. Noting the importance of agriculture sector, strong policies and programs are being laid out to enhance more investment particularly for smallholder farmers.
For sustainable agricultural development, the Government of Myanmar recognizes that family farming system and smallholders play an important role to ensure food security and reduce malnutrition. It also encourages and supports integrated and multi-sectorial public policies, as appropriate, to raise the productivity and incomes, thereby, strengthening the resilience of rural community.
In Myanmar a total of 53 million acres of land are used for crop cultivation and 95% of the work is done by smallholder farmers. There is a huge amount of losses (that is 40 to 60 % of the crops produced seasonally have been lost) because of the lack of post-harvest technology and machineries such as dryer and harvester, and warehouses. As a consequence, farmers have to struggle very hard for their living.
Furthermore, the reality we are facing with deep regret is that ten percent of our people (about 5 million) leave their farms and properties, moving as migrant workers to other countries for indecent job. Because of that, supporting to and close cooperating with the smallholder family farmers are immediate and crucial task for all of us.
The followings are the points to be fulfilled for the sustainability and improvement of the livelihoods of small-scale holder farmers in Myanmar:
a. Adequate capital investment for family farming;
b. Distribution of quality seeds and establishment of seed industry;
c. Irrigation water and systematic water management for drinking and agriculture purpose;
d. Pre -harvest and post-harvest technology;
e. Agricultural machineries to be substituted for draught animals;
f. Agricultural inputs (i.e., fertilizer and pesticide);
g. Post-harvest facilities (Dryer, Packaging, Warehouse);
h. Agro-based small and medium enterprises for value added production;
i. Cold storage and warehouse facilities for perishable crops;
j. Wholesale and retail markets for getting proper price and sustainable market;
k. Stable transport facilities;
l. Real time weather and market information.
As an effort to fulfill those requirements, the Law of Protection of the Farmer Rights and Enhancement of their Benefits, was enacted on 8th October 2013 to protect the needs and rights of smallholder farmers whose livelihood relied on family farming.
There are eight chapters and 29 articles in this law and objectives of the law are:
(a) To support farmers by providing suitable loans and assistance for investment;
(b) To manage for providing technology, input and production facility to farmers smoothly to improve production;
(c) To assist farmers for getting reasonable price and market in selling agricultural produces;
(d) To protect the rights of farmers possessing small plot and to enhance their benefits effectively; and
(e) To provide aids as much as possible for loss and damage caused by any natural disaster.
According to the law, the rights of small holder farmers shall be shielded (a) to choose desired crops freely on their farm land without injuring paddy cultivation; (b) to get reasonable agricultural loan; (c) to transport and sell agricultural produces freely; (d)to insure agricultural produces; (e) to establish farmer associations or organizations in accord with the existing laws.
As the family farming system occupies most area in Myanmar agriculture, enacting this law will, not only protect their rights and enhance their benefits but also promote the sustainable development of Myanmar agriculture.
This text is kindly provided by the authorities of this country
- 阿富汗
- 阿尔巴尼亚
- 阿尔及利亚
- 安道尔
- 安哥拉
- 安提瓜和巴布达
- 阿根廷
- 亚美尼亚
- 澳大利亚
- 奥地利
- 阿塞拜疆
- 巴哈马
- 巴 林
- 孟加拉国
- 巴巴多斯
- 白俄罗斯
- 比利时
- 伯利兹
- 贝 宁
- 不 丹
- 玻利维亚
- 波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那
- 博茨瓦纳
- 巴 西
- 文莱达鲁萨兰国
- 保加利亚
- 布基纳法索
- 布隆迪
- 佛得角
- 柬埔寨
- 喀麦隆
- 加拿大
- 科特迪瓦
- 中非共和国
- 乍 得
- 智 利
- 中 国
- 哥伦比亚
- 科摩罗
- 刚 果
- 库克群岛
- 哥斯达黎加
- 克罗地亚
- 古 巴
- 塞浦路斯
- 捷克共和国
- 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国
- 刚果民主共和国
- 丹 麦
- 吉布提
- 多米尼克
- 多米尼加共和国
- 厄瓜多尔
- 埃 及
- 萨尔瓦多
- 赤道几内亚
- 厄立特里亚
- 爱沙尼亚
- 斯威士兰
- 埃塞俄比亚
- EUR
- 斐 济
- 芬 兰
- 法 国
- 加 蓬
- 冈比亚
- 格鲁吉亚
- 德 国
- 加 纳
- 希 腊
- 格林纳达
- 危地马拉
- 几内亚
- 几内亚比绍
- 圭亚那
- 海 地
- 洪都拉斯
- 匈牙利
- 冰 岛
- 印 度
- 印度尼西亚
- 伊 朗
- 伊拉克
- 爱尔兰
- 以色列
- 意大利
- 牙买加
- 日 本
- 约 旦
- 哈萨克斯坦
- 肯尼亚
- 基里巴斯
- 科威特
- 吉尔吉斯斯坦
- 老挝人民民主共和国
- 拉脱维亚
- 黎巴嫩
- 莱索托
- 利比里亚
- 利比亚
- 立陶宛
- 卢森堡
- 马达加斯加
- 马拉维
- 马来西亚
- 马尔代夫
- 马 里
- 马耳他
- 马绍尔群岛
- 毛里塔尼亚
- 毛里求斯
- 墨西哥
- 密克罗尼西亚
- 摩纳哥
- 蒙 古
- 黑山
- 摩洛哥
- 莫桑比克
- 缅 甸
- 纳米比亚
- 瑙 鲁
- 尼泊尔
- 荷兰王国
- 新西兰
- 尼加拉瓜
- 尼日尔
- 尼日利亚
- 纽 埃
- 挪 威
- 阿 曼
- 巴基斯坦
- 帕 劳
- 巴拿马
- 巴布亚新几内亚
- 巴拉圭
- 秘 鲁
- 菲律宾
- 波 兰
- 葡萄牙
- 卡塔尔
- 大韩民国
- 摩尔多瓦共和国
- 罗马尼亚
- 俄罗斯联邦
- 卢旺达
- 圣基茨和尼维斯
- 圣卢西亚
- 圣文森特和格林纳丁斯
- 萨摩亚
- 圣马力诺
- 沙特阿拉伯
- 圣多美和普林西比
- 塞内加尔
- 塞尔维亚
- 塞舌尔
- 塞拉利昂
- 新加坡
- 斯洛伐克
- 斯洛文尼亚
- 所罗门群岛
- 索马里
- 南 非
- 南苏丹
- 南方共同市场
- 西班牙
- 斯里兰卡
- 苏 丹
- 苏里南
- 瑞 典
- 瑞 士
- 阿拉伯叙利亚共和国
- 塔吉克斯坦
- 坦桑尼亚联合共和国
- 泰 国
- 前南斯拉夫的马其顿共和国
- 东帝汶
- 多 哥
- 汤 加
- 特立尼达和多巴哥
- 突尼斯
- 土耳其
- 土库曼斯坦
- 图瓦卢
- 乌干达
- 乌克兰
- 阿拉伯联合酋长国
- 联合王国
- 美 国
- 乌拉圭
- 乌兹别克斯坦
- 瓦努阿图
- 委内瑞拉 (玻利瓦尔共和国)
- 越 南
- 也 门
- 赞比亚
- 津巴布韦