Agricultural sector in Thailand has long been playing its important role in terms of serving the global demand for both basic and processed agricultural products. However, the characteristics of Thai farming is considered small-scaled since most of farms are owned and operated by family members and inherited from one generation to the next. That basis was reaffirmed by the fact that agricultural GDP of Thailand was only 12% whereas more than 30% of populations were in the sector. Throughout the country, only 23.9 million hectares are arable land - 68% for field crops, 23% for perennial trees - with limitation of irrigation. The country is currently having 5.71 farming households which 4 members per household on average. The average farm-size is only 4 hectares per household and having 16.2 million labor forces involved in agriculture activities. In an individual household, the level of cash income is as low as 0.24 million Baht per year - about 60% come from farm income.
更多
As the matter of fact above, the rural development and food security was driven domestically through family farming; however, Thailand has faced increasingly rapid and complex internal and external changes. As a result, the country has applied its achieved development in the past and has adapted to accommodate the impact of changes properly. The concept and framework of country development under the 11th National Economic and Social Development Plan was derived by formally adopting the Royal Initiative of the "Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy". This Philosophy will place "people at the center of development," and promote "balanced development" in all aspects.
Adopting the conceptual framework of the Plan, the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC) has launched one of the principle plans regarding family farming, which is enhancing capacity of farmer and farmer institute in order to implement activities by adopting the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy for ensuring the sustainable development and implementing through such concepts as (1) Driving knowledge and wisdom of farmers through the mechanisms of agricultural extension officers in all related agencies (2) Developing cooperatives system by strengthening cooperatives and farmer groups to be ready for fund accessibility, alternative market mechanism, value adding and to increase productivity by developing cooperatives' business, farmer groups/ small & micro community enterprise (3) Developing "Smart Farmer" to make farmers producing on-demand products with essential knowledge (4) Promoting and conserving Thai traditional handicraft by training farmers living in land reformed areas and any other interested people (5) Persuading new generation into agriculture sector by providing opportunity for agriculture-related education, technology transfers and knowledge management.
In food security aspect, the MOAC has issued its own the Policy Frameworks during 2013-2016 which one of strategic themes is producing adequate food for sustainable domestic consumption having the guidelines such as promoting the appropriate and effective use of agricultural production inputs, supporting research on agricultural innovation to increase agricultural production, and promoting the role of farmer groups or communities to enhance food security at the household and community level. In doing so, the country also aware of the inconsistency and unanticipated circumstances under this current and further dynamic situation; therefore, there are many challenges remain in family farming - reducing of farmland ownership, increasing of household debts, increasing of risk and severity of disasters, and aging problems of farmers.
- 阿富汗
- 阿尔巴尼亚
- 阿尔及利亚
- 安道尔
- 安哥拉
- 安提瓜和巴布达
- 阿根廷
- 亚美尼亚
- 澳大利亚
- 奥地利
- 阿塞拜疆
- 巴哈马
- 巴 林
- 孟加拉国
- 巴巴多斯
- 白俄罗斯
- 比利时
- 伯利兹
- 贝 宁
- 不 丹
- 玻利维亚
- 波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那
- 博茨瓦纳
- 巴 西
- 文莱达鲁萨兰国
- 保加利亚
- 布基纳法索
- 布隆迪
- 佛得角
- 柬埔寨
- 喀麦隆
- 加拿大
- 科特迪瓦
- 中非共和国
- 乍 得
- 智 利
- 中 国
- 哥伦比亚
- 科摩罗
- 刚 果
- 库克群岛
- 哥斯达黎加
- 克罗地亚
- 古 巴
- 塞浦路斯
- 捷克共和国
- 朝鲜民主主义人民共和国
- 刚果民主共和国
- 丹 麦
- 吉布提
- 多米尼克
- 多米尼加共和国
- 厄瓜多尔
- 埃 及
- 萨尔瓦多
- 赤道几内亚
- 厄立特里亚
- 爱沙尼亚
- 斯威士兰
- 埃塞俄比亚
- EUR
- 斐 济
- 芬 兰
- 法 国
- 加 蓬
- 冈比亚
- 格鲁吉亚
- 德 国
- 加 纳
- 希 腊
- 格林纳达
- 危地马拉
- 几内亚
- 几内亚比绍
- 圭亚那
- 海 地
- 洪都拉斯
- 匈牙利
- 冰 岛
- 印 度
- 印度尼西亚
- 伊 朗
- 伊拉克
- 爱尔兰
- 以色列
- 意大利
- 牙买加
- 日 本
- 约 旦
- 哈萨克斯坦
- 肯尼亚
- 基里巴斯
- 科威特
- 吉尔吉斯斯坦
- 老挝人民民主共和国
- 拉脱维亚
- 黎巴嫩
- 莱索托
- 利比里亚
- 利比亚
- 立陶宛
- 卢森堡
- 马达加斯加
- 马拉维
- 马来西亚
- 马尔代夫
- 马 里
- 马耳他
- 马绍尔群岛
- 毛里塔尼亚
- 毛里求斯
- 墨西哥
- 密克罗尼西亚
- 摩纳哥
- 蒙 古
- 黑山
- 摩洛哥
- 莫桑比克
- 缅 甸
- 纳米比亚
- 瑙 鲁
- 尼泊尔
- 荷兰王国
- 新西兰
- 尼加拉瓜
- 尼日尔
- 尼日利亚
- 纽 埃
- 挪 威
- 阿 曼
- 巴基斯坦
- 帕 劳
- 巴拿马
- 巴布亚新几内亚
- 巴拉圭
- 秘 鲁
- 菲律宾
- 波 兰
- 葡萄牙
- 卡塔尔
- 大韩民国
- 摩尔多瓦共和国
- 罗马尼亚
- 俄罗斯联邦
- 卢旺达
- 圣基茨和尼维斯
- 圣卢西亚
- 圣文森特和格林纳丁斯
- 萨摩亚
- 圣马力诺
- 沙特阿拉伯
- 圣多美和普林西比
- 塞内加尔
- 塞尔维亚
- 塞舌尔
- 塞拉利昂
- 新加坡
- 斯洛伐克
- 斯洛文尼亚
- 所罗门群岛
- 索马里
- 南 非
- 南苏丹
- 南方共同市场
- 西班牙
- 斯里兰卡
- 苏 丹
- 苏里南
- 瑞 典
- 瑞 士
- 阿拉伯叙利亚共和国
- 塔吉克斯坦
- 坦桑尼亚联合共和国
- 泰 国
- 前南斯拉夫的马其顿共和国
- 东帝汶
- 多 哥
- 汤 加
- 特立尼达和多巴哥
- 突尼斯
- 土耳其
- 土库曼斯坦
- 图瓦卢
- 乌干达
- 乌克兰
- 阿拉伯联合酋长国
- 联合王国
- 美 国
- 乌拉圭
- 乌兹别克斯坦
- 瓦努阿图
- 委内瑞拉 (玻利瓦尔共和国)
- 越 南
- 也 门
- 赞比亚
- 津巴布韦