تخطيط استخدام الأراضي
أُعدّت وحدة "تخطيط استخدام الأراضي" للأشخاص المعنيين في تقييم أراضي الغابات وامكانياتها الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والبيئية لصالح شتى مستخدمي الأراضي. وتعرض هذه الوحدة معلومات أساسية وأخرى أكثر تفصيلًا حول أهمية تخطيط استخدام الأراضي في الحراجة وتقدم توجيهات بشأن الأنشطة الرئيسة التي تدخل في إطار عملية تخطيط استخدام الأراضي.
كما تقدم هذه الوحدة روابط لأدوات ودراسات أمثلة بهدف تعزيز فعالية تخطيط استخدام الأراضي.Basic knowledge
What is land-use planning?
Integrated land-use planning (called “land-use planning” here) involves the allocation of land to different uses across a landscape in a way that balances economic, social and environmental values. Its purpose is to identify, in a given landscape, the combination of land uses that is best able to meet the needs of stakeholders while safeguarding resources for the future. Effective land-use planning provides direction on the manner in which land-use activities should take place and encourages synergies between different uses. It requires the coordination of planning and management across the (often) many sectors concerned with land use and land resources in a particular region.
In forestry, land-use planning involves the systematic assessment of forestland and its potential for various land uses, a consideration of the desirability of those land uses, and an understanding of economic, social and environmental conditions to enable the identification and adoption of the best land-use options in a forested (or partly forested) landscape. Land-use planning is driven by the need for (i) improved management and (ii) a different pattern of land use, as dictated by changing circumstances.
Benefits of land-use planning
Land-use planning is often carried out in a highly polarized public context in which decisions on land allocation and use are a source of conflict and tension. Land-use planning can help manage such conflicts, ease tensions, and bring about the more effective and efficient use of land and its natural resources. By examining all land uses in an integrated manner, land-use planning identifies the most efficient tradeoffs between land-use options and links social and economic development with environmental protection and enhancement, thus helping to achieve sustainable land management.
When carried out effectively, land-use planning increases certainty for stakeholders. For example, it can help assure the timber industry of the long-term availability of timber resources so it can invest capital with confidence.
الوحدات ذات الصلة
- Collaborative conflict management
- Forest management planning
- Forest tenure
- Management of non-wood forest products
- Protected areas
يساهم تخطيط استخدام الأراضي في تحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة:
In more depth
Enterprise development plan
A key output of the market analysis and development approach is an enterprise development plan, which should have the following elements:
- General description of the enterprise. What is the enterprise about? What are its mission and vision?
- Products and services. What are the products and services that the enterprise will supply? What is their competitive advantage? How are they produced and commercialized?
- SWOT (strength, weakness, opportunities and threats) analysis. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise? What are the main threats and opportunities?
- Market development strategy. What are the objectives for marketing and sales? Which market segment will the enterprise target? Who are the customers and what is their profile (existing and potential)? Who are the competitors? What are they offering, and what makes them different? What makes the enterprise’s products and services attractive?
- Resources management/environmental strategy. Assess whether the resource can regenerate (and in what time) and can be harvested sustainably. What are the costs involved in maintaining the resource for supplying the enterprise with its raw materials?
- Social strategy. This element deals with the social and equity relationships among enterprise participants (both male and female) and ensures that participation, decision-making and the distribution of benefits are equitable.
- Institutional strategy. This strategy addresses the legal aspects regulating the enterprise, the impact of policies on the enterprise, and the organizational structure needed to ensure that the enterprise maintains links with supporting institutions at all levels.
- Technological strategy. This strategy sets out the technological options best adapted to the values and concerns of the entrepreneurs.
- Operational plan. How will the enterprise operate in producing its products and services? What staff qualifications and training are needed to meet enterprise production and growth requirements?
- Management and business support plan. This is the staff management strategy, the aim of which is to provide a supportive resource for business development (e.g. in terms of administration, information technology and work space).
- Financial plan: What are the capital requirements? What is the financial strategy of the enterprise? What is the profit-and-loss projection, at least for the first years?
The process to be followed in developing the plan has four main phases.