Year of publication 2007

PEN aims to collect high quality and comparable data from a variety of tropical and subtropical forest settings to study the forest-poverty interactions. At the core of the PEN project is a detailed household income accounting under different biophysical and socioeconomic contexts where there is a significant interaction between humans and forests. The PEN Technical Guidelines accompanies the PEN questionnaire. The second version (March 2006) was thoroughly updated and expanded to include a detailed section by section guidelines to the questionnaire. The third and fourth version has a number of clarifications and additions, reflecting the experience gained from the PEN fieldwork.