©Miguel Dita

联合国粮农组织在行动

多年来,联合国粮食及农业组织从不同领域并通过不同渠道开展香蕉枯萎病热带第4型(TR4)防治工作。

植物生产及保护司

植物生产及保护司及其跨境植物病虫害团队牵头制定和实施机制,以减轻跨境植物病虫害的潜在影响,包括香蕉枯萎病热带第4型带来的影响。这包括监测有害生物种群和环境状况、预警系统(如沙漠蝗虫信息服务)、有关国家之间的区域合作、对环境无害的有害生物防治系统和危机应对。

2017,联合国粮农组织团队及其合作伙伴制定了香蕉枯萎病全球防治计划,侧重于通过对香蕉枯萎病的生物学和流行病学研究、检测、监测、快速防治行动、土壤健康和抗病品种开发,加强当地的技术能力并支持基于科学的技术和工具的开发。在这一工作中,在亚洲、非洲、拉丁美洲和中东举行多次培训,并编写了关于香蕉枯萎病热带第4型的报告和手册

《国际植物保护公约》

《国际植物保护公约》(《国际植保公约》)秘书处由联合国粮农组织担任,二者共同努力减少植物病虫害的传播;并保护植物资源免受有害生物侵害,不对贸易和运输设置不必要的障碍。应用《国际植保公约》标准有助于保护生物多样性和环境。《国际植保公约》网络由184缔约方各自的区域和国家植物保护机构组成。

 

除了负责管理区域植物保护组织和国家植物保护组织报告的病虫害信息库以外,它还监管并发布对这些病虫害的适当防治准则,包括香蕉枯萎病热带第4型。2019年,《国际植保公约》在哥伦比亚为来自16个拉丁美洲国家的农业专家举办了关于植物卫生的研讨会,包括防止香蕉枯萎病蔓延的最佳做法。

联合国粮农组织拉丁美洲及加勒比区域办事处

201910月,联合国粮食及农业组织拉丁美洲及加勒比区域办事处在其技术合作计划下启动了一个紧急项目—“针对尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型4号生理小种所致香蕉枯萎病扩散问题,加强区域监测、预防和管理能力,以帮助拉丁美洲及加勒比国家应对香蕉枯萎病的蔓延,这种真菌性植物疫病会对香蕉作物产生毁灭性打击,而香蕉作物是数百万人的生计所需。该项目为期一年,为应对美洲香蕉枯萎病热带第4型首次暴发而启动,旨在支持区域协调,以实现植物检疫措施的统一应用,并加强该疫病的防治和监测系统。特别是,该项目重点制定了一项区域行动计划,以预防、监测并对尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型4号生理小种采取应对措施,开展诸多其他区域和国家行动。

 

联合国粮农组织此前始终向受影响国家提供技术援助,以遏制该疫病的传播,包括政策和技术指导,帮助各国进行预防和诊断,并确定风险途径。

Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Techniques in Food in Agriculture

The Joint FAO/IAEA Centre for Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture employs a comprehensive strategy to combat Fusarium wilt TR4, focusing on both genetic resistance and sustainable suppression methods. The Centre studies the genetics of bananas, using advanced methods to create disease-resistant plants and exploring the natural diversity of banana species to strengthen their resilience. At the same time, the Centre develops innovative biological solutions, like beneficial microbes, to control the disease in the soil and develop cost-effective diagnostic tools.

In regions particularly at risk, such as parts of Africa, the Centre works closely with local agricultural institutions to strengthen their ability to manage and control TR4. By offering training, sharing knowledge, and providing advanced tools, it helps local experts improve disease monitoring by implementing cutting-edge technolo

Concrete solutions on how to effectively combat Fusarium TR4 - a destructive transboundary pest that devastates banana and plantain crops - are now available at your fingertips.

Through the TR4GN initiative, the World Banana Forum (WBF) facilitated by FAO continues to provide support to banana and plantain producers around the world in the common fight against Fusarium TR4. 

The seventeen published awareness and orientation materials are part of a comprehensive toolkit that includes an interactive website and a mailbox to contact the facilitators: [email protected].

The production of these materials - a joint effort of the WBF and its TR4 Task Force - was made possible by the work of FAO subject matter experts and communication specialists. 

They are available for download in English, Spanish, and French here: Awareness materials.