A significant progress has been made in the theory and practice of rice-duck farming in China in recent decades. Attained theoretic achievements included effects of rice-duck farming on nutrient cycle, matter and energy flow characteristics in paddy fields, pest and disease control and the dynamic relationship between pests and natural...

Currently, world agriculture is faced with drastic challenges to produce sufficient food while minimizing negative environmental effects of crop cultivation. Unlike traditional agriculture, which used local biodiversity and species interactions to sustain food production, modern agriculture uses fewer high-yield crop varieties and largely ignores species interactions. Modern agriculture relies on...

Recycle agriculture has been the effective way to achieve cleaner agricultural production and sustainable utilization of agricultural resources. It is also an inevitable choice for modern agriculture to step out of developmental woes. This paper discusses the connotations, characteristics, theoretic basis and principles of recycle agriculture. The paper, especially, illustrates...

The traditional agronomy was initiated at the tide of experimental science in modern agricultural academia. Because of the apparent achievements of Industrial Revolution, the comprehensive grasp of agro-ecosystem in understanding and developing agronomic science has subsequently not been recognized. As a consequence, humanity has to confront the double crises of...

We currently face several challenges in the world: global population, food, energy and environmental crises are some examples. In this context, agricultural problems have become more acute. This paper identifies current weaknesses in ecological theory and propose future preferential actions. We identified four main weaknesses related to eco-agriculture: 1) Lack of...

Local and international literature related to agroecology has grown rapidly in recent years. This increase recognizes the fact that agricultural research and production practices guided by reductionism is in crisis and that agroecology vitality depend on cutting-edge thinking and practice. The range of agroecology considered in this study was divided...