RVF is an acute arthropod-borne viral disease characterized by fever, listlessness, anorexia, disinclination to move, abortions, and high morbidity and mortality rates in neonatal animals. It can cause severe disease in domestic animals and is also an important zoonosis affecting humans.

WOAH listed disease

Domestic animals such as buffalo, camels, cattle, goats, and sheep are susceptible to RVF.

RVF is endemic in many sub-Saharan African countries, including Madagascar. Large outbreaks have also been observed in Egypt, the Arabian Peninsula (South-west), and some Indian Ocean Islands.

Sheep pox and goat pox are viral diseases caused by strains of Capripoxvirus, characterized by fever, generalized papules or nodules, vesicles (rarely), internal lesions (particularly in the lungs), and death. Both diseases can infect sheep and goats, with some strains causing more severe clinical disease in one species over the other, although some strains are equally pathogenic in both.

WOAH listed disease

Sheep and goats are susceptible to SPGP.

Sheep pox and goat pox are widespread in Africa (north and west of the Sahara) and Asia. During the last decade, they have also emerged in Europe, with a few outbreaks in Bulgaria, Greece and Spain.

LSD is a vector-born disease caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a species of Capripoxvirus. It is characterized by fever, nodules on the skin, mucous membranes, and internal organs, along with emaciation, enlarged lymph nodes, and oedema of the skin. It is an economically important disease that results in direct and indirect financial losses due to animal morbidity, reduced production, cost of vaccination, and trade restrictions of animals and their products.

WOAH listed disease

LSD primarily affects cattle, particularly Bos taurus, although Asian buffalo (Bubalus spp.) have also been reported to be susceptible.

LSD is endemic in Africa and the Middle East. Since 2015, the disease has spread into the Balkans, the Caucasus and the southern Russian Federation. Since 2019, LSD has spread to some of the major cattle trading countries across Asia, i.e. Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, the Republic of China, Vietnam and others, and in 2022 it reached Indonesia, Pakistan and Singapore.

PPR is a viral disease caused by a morbillivirus closely related to the rinderpest virus. It is characterized by severe morbidity and mortality rates, posing a significant economic impact in regions where small ruminants are crucial for livelihoods.

WOAH listed disease

PPR affects goats, sheep, some wild relatives of domesticated small ruminants, and camels. 

PPR has spread far beyond its origin in Western Africa and is now present in over 70 countries across Asia, Africa, and the Near and Middle East. It reached Europe in 2016 (Georgia).