In India, the livestock sector is a key part of the rural economy, supporting livelihoods and well-being of millions of people. With a favourable climate and diverse landscape, the animal husbandry and dairying sectors have grown significantly, influenced by traditional, cultural and religious practices that keep them deeply rooted in rural life. These activities provide important income and employment opportunities, especially for landless workers, small and marginal farmers, and women in rural areas. Around two-thirds of women are involved in livestock rearing, highlighting the sector’s role in promoting gender equality and empowerment. Additionally, the sector helps ensure food security by providing affordable and nutritious food to millions, making it an essential part of the country’s socio-economic development.

The FAO Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD) collaborates closely with the Government of India to strengthen the animal health systems through five focus areas: antimicrobial resistance (AMR), zoonotic diseases, laboratory strengthening, biosecurity and workforce development. These efforts enhance India’s capacity to prevent, detect and respond to animal and public health threats.

Since 2023, FAO has played a key role in developing the One Health programme in India. As part of this initiative, over 150 master trainers have been trained and more than 400 participants have been educated on these areas. Key milestones include:

1. Publishing India’s first AMR surveillance report for fisheries and livestock, providing baseline data for monitoring AMR trends, informing policy decisions and evidence-based action.
2. Expanding the Indian Network for Fishery and Animal Antimicrobial Resistance laboratory network from 21 to 35, boosting national AMR surveillance in livestock and poultry sectors.
3. Developing national veterinary treatment guidelines with the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying to promote responsible practices.
4. Preparing a report on animal infectious disease prioritization in India to support strategic planning for effective disease control.
5. Developing and validating a protocol for estimating antimicrobial use at the farm level, contributing to improved and sustainable monitoring.